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21.
Sarah Baltzley Atiquzzaman Mohammad Ahmad H. Malkawi Abeer M. Al-Ghananeem 《AAPS PharmSciTech》2014,15(6):1598-1602
The aim of this study was to investigate olanzapine (OZ) systemic absolute bioavailability after intranasal (i.n.) administration in vivo to conscious rabbits. Furthermore, the study investigated the potential use of chitosan nanoparticles as a delivery system to enhance the systemic bioavailability of olanzapine following intranasal administration. Olanzapine-loaded chitosan nanoparticles were prepared through ionotropic gelation of chitosan with tripolyphosphate anions and studied in terms of their size, drug loading, and in vitro release. The OZ nanoparticles were administered i.n. to rabbits, and OZ plasma concentration at predetermined time points was compared to i.n. administration of OZ in solution. The concentrations of OZ in plasma were analyzed by ultra performance liquid chromatography mass spectroscopy (UPLC/MS). OZ-loaded chitosan nanoparticles significantly (p < 0.05) enhanced systemic absorption with 51 ± 11.2% absolute bioavailability as compared to 28 ± 6.7% after i.n. administration of OZ solution. The results of the present study suggest that intranasal administration of OZ-loaded chitosan nanoparticles formulation could be an attractive modality for delivery of OZ systemically.KEY WORDS: bioavailability, intranasal, nanoparticles, olanzapine, pharmacokinetic 相似文献
22.
The purpose of this study was to develop a sublingual spray drug delivery formulation of oxycodone and evaluate the effect
of formulation pH on sublingual absorption of oxycodone for acute pain management using rabbit as the animal model. Using
a new, sensitive, and specific liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS) with electrospray ionization detector assay,
the absorption bioavailability of sublingual oxycodone was determined in rabbits by comparing plasma concentration after sublingual
spray delivery with equivalent intravenous dose. The effect of formulation pH on sublingual absorption of oxycodone was also
tested on rabbits that had received oxycodone sublingually at a dose of 0.1 mg/0.1 mL (pH 4.0 and 9.0). Blood samples were
collected at different time points, and plasma oxycodone concentrations were determined by LC/MS. Following administration
of a 0.1 mg dose, the average Cmax values were found to be 64.9±12.1 and 95.2±10.1 ng/mL, for pH 4.0 and 9.0, respectively. The area under the curve (AUC) values
were found to be 5807.0, and 8965.3 ng.min/mL for formulation pH 4.0 and 9.0, respectively. The mean sublingual bioavailability
of oxycodone was 45.4%±20.1% and 70.1%±17.9%, for pH 4.0 and 9.0, respectively. the formulation pH had no significant influence
on oxycodone bioavailability (P<.05). A sublingual spray dosage form of oxycodone hydrochloride would be a good alternative for fast onset pain management,
especially in children.
Published: March 10, 2006 相似文献
23.
Shahid M Khan Chris J Janse Stefan HI Kappe Sebastian A Mikolajczak 《Current opinion in biotechnology》2012,23(6):908-916
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24.
H I Malkawi F al-Momani M M Meqdam I Saadoun M J Mohammad 《The new microbiologica》1999,22(3):241-247
Sixteen isolates of Bacillus thuringiensis recovered from different Jordanian habitats were compared using random amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPD) to determine whether they could be differentiated at the molecular level. Total genomic DNA from each isolate and three reference strains were amplified using 10-mer primers. Electrophoretic analysis of the amplification products revealed the incidence of polymorphism among the isolates. Pair-wise comparisons of polymorphic products were used to construct a dendrogram applying the cluster analysis. Fifteen of the isolates were all in one major cluster which was divided into six small groups. Such analysis showed some regional variation among the isolates, but did not indicate a clearly defined habitat locational pattern of the DNA polymorphism. 相似文献