新烟碱类杀虫剂对麦扁盾蝽若虫和成虫的毒效（英文）

在伊朗, 麦扁盾蝽Eurygaster integriceps是小麦和大麦上的主要害虫。新烟碱类杀虫剂是一类具有较强活性的杀虫剂, 对刺吸式口器害虫具有良好的效果。本研究应用触杀和熏蒸两种生测方法测定了4种新烟碱类杀虫剂（噻虫嗪、吡虫啉、呋虫胺和啶虫咪）对麦扁盾蝽3龄若虫和成虫的毒效。触杀法生测结果显示, 各杀虫剂对麦扁盾蝽没有强烈的触杀活性, 但是在高浓度下（5 000 mg/L a. i.）, 可见较高的死亡率。熏蒸法生测结果显示, 所有杀虫剂对麦扁盾蝽的若虫和成虫均有较好的毒性。结果提示应用熏蒸方法可能是治理这一重要害虫的新方法。     

Response of Pseudomonas tolaasii,the causal agent of mushroom brown blotch disease to the volatile compounds produced by endofungal bacteria

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) produced by bacteria have significant potential to control phytopathogens. In this study, the VOCs produced by endofungal bacteria Pseudomonas sp. Bi1, Bacillus sp. De3, Pantoea sp. Ma3 and Pseudomonas sp. De1 isolated from wild growing mushrooms were evaluated in vitro for their antagonistic activity against Pseudomonas tolaasii Pt18, the causal agent of mushroom brown blotch disease. The gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) analysis revealed that strains Pseudomonas sp. Bi1, Pseudomonas sp. De1, Bacillus sp. De3 and Pantoea sp. Ma3 produced eight, sixteen, nine, and twelve VOCs, respectively. All antagonistic endofungal bacteria produced VOCs which significantly reduced brown blotch symptoms on mushroom caps and inhibited the growth of P. tolaasii Pt18 at the varying levels. Scanning electron microscopy revealed severe morphological changes in cells of P. tolaasii Pt18 following exposure to the VOCs of Pseudomonas sp. Bi1 and De1. Furthermore, The VOCs produced by endofungal bacteria significantly reduced swarming, swimming, twitching, chemotaxis motility and biofilm formation by P. tolaasii Pt18 cells, which are essential contributors to pathogenicity. This is to first report about the inhibition effects of VOCs produced by antagonistic bacteria on virulence traits of P. tolaasii. Our findings provide new insights regarding the potential of antibacterial VOCs as a safe fumigant to control mushroom brown blotch disease.

     

Therapeutic Effects of High-Intensity Interval Training Exercise Alone and Its Combination with Ecdysterone Against Amyloid Beta-Induced Rat Model of Alzheimer’s Disease: A Behavioral,Biochemical, and Histological Study

Neurochemical Research - Hippocampal oxidative stress has a vital role in the pathophysiology of Alzheimer’s disease (AD)-associated behavioral deficits. Ecdysterone (Ecdy), a natural product...     

Effect of annealing temperature and dopant concentration on the thermoluminescence sensitivity in LiF:Mg,Cu,Ag material

LiF:Mg,Cu,Ag is a new dosimetry material that is similar to LiF:Mg,Cu,P in terms of dosimetric properties. The effect of the annealing temperature in the range of 200 to 350°C on the thermoluminescence (TL) sensitivity and the glow curve structure of this material at different concentrations of silver (Ag) was investigated. It has been demonstrated that the optimum values of the annealing temperature and the Ag concentration are 240°C and 0.1 mol% for better sensitivity, respectively. The TL intensity decreases at annealing temperatures lower than 240°C or higher than 240°C, reaching a minimum at 300°C and then again increases for various Ag concentrations. It was observed that the glow curve structure altered and the area under the low temperature peak as well as the area under the main dosimetric peak decreased with increasing annealing temperature. The position of the main dosimetric peak moved in the direction of higher temperatures, but at 320 and 350°C annealing temperatures, it shifted to lower temperatures. It was also observed that the TL sensitivity could partially be recovered by a combined annealing procedure.     

Stem cell therapy: A novel approach for myocardial infarction

Myocardial infarction (MI) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Until recently, it was thought that myocardium was not able to repair itself, but studies have now shown that resident cardiac stem cells have regenerative capacity, and stem cell therapy may be a novel approach for cardiac muscle repair and regeneration. Stem cell-derived paracrine factors have been shown to regulate ventricular remodeling, inflammation, apoptosis, cardiomyocytes regeneration, and neovascularization in regions of infarcted cardiac tissue. In this review, we summarize the evidence from cellular, animal, and clinical studies supporting the potential clinical significance of stem cell therapy as a novel therapeutic approach for the treatment of MI.     

Survivin a pivotal antiapoptotic protein in rheumatoid arthritis

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease, pathologically characterized by lymphocyte infiltration of the synovial membrane that leads to chronic inflammation and progressive joint damage. RA develops as a result of increased cell infiltration and cell proliferation as well as impaired cell death. Activated cells in joints including lymphocytes and fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) survive for a long time as a consequence of compromised apoptosis, but the mechanism underlying cell survival in synovium remains to be firmly established. Inhibition of apoptosis by survivin, as a critical antiapoptotic protein, contributes to both the persistence of autoreactive T lymphocytes and tumor-like phenotype of FLS in RA. In addition to the antiapoptotic role, survivin also has prognostic relevance in RA prodromal phase. Hence, this review provides an overview of the current knowledge regarding the involvement of survivin protein in the pathogenesis of RA.