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G. Ricci L. Volpi L. Pasquali L. Petrozzi G. Siciliano 《Journal of biological physics》2009,35(4):317-336
Astrocytes have long been considered as just providing trophic support for neurons in the central nervous system, but recently
several studies have highlighted their importance in many functions such as neurotransmission, metabolite and electrolyte
homeostasis, cell signaling, inflammation, and synapse modulation. Astrocytes are, in fact, part of a bidirectional crosstalk
with neurons. Moreover, increasing evidence is stressing the emerging role of astrocyte dysfunction in the pathophysiology
of neurological disorders, including neurodegenerative disease, stroke, epilepsy, migraine, and neuroinflammatory diseases. 相似文献
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A. V. Andriyash D. A. Vikhlyaev D. A. Dmitrov A. L. Zapysov A. G. Kakshin I. A. Kapustin E. A. Loboda V. A. Lykov A. V. Potapov V. A. Pronin V. N. Sanzhin V. N. Saprykin A. A. Ugodenko O. V. Chefonov M. N. Chizhkov 《Plasma Physics Reports》2006,32(2):135-137
Results are presented from experimental investigations of the angular distributions and energy spectra of fast ions produced in deuterium polyethylene targets under irradiation by picosecond laser pulses with intensities of up to 2 × 1018 W/cm2 in the SOKOL-P facility. The parameters of ion fluxes were measured by time-of-flight spectrometers based on semiconductor detectors. 相似文献
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S Scarfi M Giovine A Gasparini G Damonte E Millo M Pozzolini U Benatti 《FEBS letters》1999,451(3):264-268
Overexpression of inducible nitric oxide synthase causes the production of high levels of nitric oxide, which, under pathological conditions, leads to immunosuppression and tissue damage. The results recently obtained using peptide nucleic acids, rather than traditional oligonucleotides as antigen and antisense molecules, prompted us to test their efficacy in the regulation of nitric oxide production, thereby overcoming the obstacle of cellular internalization. The cellular permeability of four inducible nitric oxide synthase antisense peptide nucleic acids of different lengths was evaluated. These peptide nucleic acids were covalently linked to a hydrophobic peptide moiety to increase internalization and to a tyrosine to allow selective 125I radiolabelling. Internalization experiments showed a 3-25-fold increase in the membrane permeability of the modified peptide nucleic acids with respect to controls. Inducible nitric oxide synthase inhibition experiments on intact stimulated macrophages RAW 264.7 after passive permeation of the two antisense peptide nucleic acids 3 and 4 demonstrated a significant decrease (43-44%) in protein enzymatic activity with respect to the controls. These data offer a basis for developing a good alternative to conventional drugs directed against inducible nitric oxide synthase overexpression. 相似文献