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81.
Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria and endophytes accelerate phytoremediation of metalliferous soils 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
Technogenic activities (industrial—plastic, textiles, microelectronics, wood preservatives; mining—mine refuse, tailings, smelting; agrochemicals—chemical fertilizers, farm yard manure, pesticides; aerosols—pyrometallurgical and automobile exhausts; biosolids—sewage sludge, domestic waste; fly ash—coal combustion products) are the primary sources of heavy metal contamination and pollution in the environment in addition to geogenic sources. During the last two decades, bioremediation has emerged as a potential tool to clean up the metal-contaminated/polluted environment. Exclusively derived processes by plants alone (phytoremediation) are time-consuming. Further, high levels of pollutants pose toxicity to the remediating plants. This situation could be ameliorated and accelerated by exploring the partnership of plant-microbe, which would improve the plant growth by facilitating the sequestration of toxic heavy metals. Plants can bioconcentrate (phytoextraction) as well as bioimmobilize or inactivate (phytostabilization) toxic heavy metals through in situ rhizospheric processes. The mobility and bioavailability of heavy metal in the soil, particularly at the rhizosphere where root uptake or exclusion takes place, are critical factors that affect phytoextraction and phytostabilization. Developing new methods for either enhancing (phytoextraction) or reducing the bioavailability of metal contaminants in the rhizosphere (phytostabilization) as well as improving plant establishment, growth, and health could significantly speed up the process of bioremediation techniques. In this review, we have highlighted the role of plant growth promoting rhizo- and/or endophytic bacteria in accelerating phytoremediation derived benefits in extensive tables and elaborate schematic sketches. 相似文献
82.
Chiranjeevi Tikka Hari Prasad Osuru Navya Atluri Praveen Chakravarthi Veera Raghavulu Nanda Kumar yellapu Ismail Shaik Mannur Uppu Venkateswara Prasad Sudheer Aluru Narasimha Varma K Matcha Bhaskar 《Bioinformation》2013,9(8):421-425
Yeast strains are commonly associated with sugar rich environments. Various fruit samples were selected as source for isolating
yeast cells. The isolated cultures were identified at Genus level by colony morphology, biochemical characteristics and cell
morphological characters. An attempt has been made to check the viability of yeast cells under different concentrations of ethanol.
Ethanol tolerance of each strain was studied by allowing the yeast to grow in liquid YEPD (Yeast Extract Peptone Dextrose)
medium having different concentrations of ethanol. A total of fifteen yeast strains isolated from different samples were used for the
study. Seven strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae obtained from different fruit sources were screened for ethanol tolerance. The
results obtained in this study show a range of tolerance levels between 7%-12% in all the stains. Further, the cluster analysis based
on 22 RAPD (Random Amplified polymorphic DNA) bands revealed polymorphisms in these seven Saccharomyces strains. 相似文献
83.
Cloning and functional expression of ATA1, a subtype of amino acid transporter A, from human placenta 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
Wang H Huang W Sugawara M Devoe LD Leibach FH Prasad PD Ganapathy V 《Biochemical and biophysical research communications》2000,273(3):1175-1179
This report describes the primary structure and functional characteristics of human ATA1, a subtype of the amino acid transport system A. The human ATA1 cDNA was isolated from a placental cDNA library. The cDNA codes for a protein of 487 amino acids with 11 putative transmembrane domains. The transporter mRNA ( approximately 9.0 kb) is expressed most prominently in the placenta and heart, but detectable level of expression is evident in other tissues including the brain. When expressed heterologously in mammalian cells, the cloned transporter mediates Na(+)-coupled transport of the system A-specific model substrate alpha-(methylamino)isobutyric acid. The transport process is saturable with a Michaelis-Menten constant of 0. 89 +/- 0.12 mM. The Na(+):amino acid stoichiometry is 1:1 as deduced from the Na(+)-activation kinetics. The transporter is specific for small short-chain neutral amino acids. The gene for the transporter is located on human chromosome 12. 相似文献
84.
The efficacies of four different concentrations (3, 5, 8 and 10 mg/ml) of an aqueous extract of the Andrographis peniculata were tested on growth and aflatoxin production by Aspergillus flavus in liquid SMKY medium. The maximum inhibition of aflatoxin production and growth of A. flavus were marked at 10 mg/ml (i.e. 78.6% aft. B1 and 75.1% growth). Growth and aflatoxin production were co-related processes. 相似文献
85.
U. Brand L. Brandes V. Koch T. Kullik B. Reinhardt F. Rüther T. Scheper K. Schügerl S. Wang X. Wu R. Ferretti S. Prasad D. Wilhelm 《Applied microbiology and biotechnology》1991,36(2):167-172
Summary Single and multisensor field effect transistors (FET) with a pH-sensitive Si/SiO2/Si3N4/Ta2O5-gate and reference electrode (for single sensor) were developed and used for manufacturing the following biological (Bio)-FETs: for glucose analysis, glucose oxidase-FET (GOD-FET); for urea analysis, urease-FET; and for cephalosporin C analysis, cephalosporinase-FET. The GOD-FETs were integrated into flow injection analysis (FIA) of the Eppendorf variables analyser (EVA) system and used for monitoring the glucose concentration in microbial cultivation and production processes with recombinant Escherichia coli K12 MF, recombinant E. coli JM103, Saccharomyces cerevisiae H620, and Candida boidinii. Urease-FET-FIA was used to monitor the urea concentration in a simulated cultivation of Cephalosporium acremonium and urease-FET-FIA and GOD-FET-FIA for the monitoring of urea and glucose concentrations in simulated S. cerevisiae cultivations. 相似文献
86.
Prasad Archana Patel Preeti Pandey Shatrujeet Niranjan Abhishek Misra Pratibha 《Protoplasma》2020,257(2):561-572
Protoplasma - Growth and production kinetics of three important glycoalkaloids viz. α-solanine, solanidine, and solasodine in two contrasting prickly and prickleless plants of Solanum viarum... 相似文献
87.
Despite increased image quality including medical imaging, image segmentation continues to represent a major bottleneck in practical applications due to noise and lack of contrast. In this paper, we present a new methodology to segment noisy, low contrast medical images, with a view to developing practical applications. Firstly, the contrast of the image is enhanced and then a modified graph-based method is followed. This paper has mainly two contributions: (1) a contrast enhancement stage performed by suitably utilizing the noise present in the medical data. This step is achieved through stochastic resonance theory applied in the wavelet domain and (2) a new weighting function is proposed for traditional graph-based approaches. Both qualitative (by our clinicians/radiologists) and quantitative evaluation performed on publicly available computed tomography (CT) (MICCAI 2007 Grand Challenge workshop database) and cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) databases reflect the potential of the proposed method even in the presence of tumors/papillary muscles. 相似文献
88.
89.
Rajendra Prasad Jason G. Williams Esther W. Hou Samuel H. Wilson 《Nucleic acids research》2012,40(22):11571-11582
During mammalian base excision repair (BER) of lesion-containing DNA, it is proposed that toxic strand-break intermediates generated throughout the pathway are sequestered and passed from one step to the next until repair is complete. This stepwise process is termed substrate channeling. A working model evaluated here is that a complex of BER factors may facilitate the BER process. FLAG-tagged DNA polymerase (pol) β was expressed in mouse fibroblasts carrying a deletion in the endogenous pol β gene, and the cell extract was subjected to an ‘affinity-capture’ procedure using anti-FLAG antibody. The pol β affinity-capture fraction (ACF) was found to contain several BER factors including polymerase-1, X-ray cross-complementing factor1-DNA ligase III and enzymes involved in processing 3′-blocked ends of BER intermediates, e.g. polynucleotide kinase and tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase 1. In contrast, DNA glycosylases, apurinic/aprymidinic endonuclease 1 and flap endonuclease 1 and several other factors involved in BER were not present. Some of the BER factors in the pol β ACF were in a multi-protein complex as observed by sucrose gradient centrifugation. The pol β ACF was capable of substrate channeling for steps in vitro BER and was proficient in in vitro repair of substrates mimicking a 3′-blocked topoisomerase I covalent intermediate or an oxidative stress-induced 3′-blocked intermediate. 相似文献
90.
Chuphal Nisha Singha Krishna Pada Sardar Parimal Sahu Narottam Prasad Shamna Naseemashahul Kumar Vikas 《Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins》2021,13(6):1668-1695
Probiotics and Antimicrobial Proteins - The outbreak of diseases leading to substantial loss is a major bottleneck in aquaculture. Over the last decades, the concept of using feed probiotics was... 相似文献