反应扩散系统的渐近性态

考虑Lotka-Volterra反应扩散系统,给出了条件,保证其解的渐近性态与对应的常微系统相同。     

The influence of water quality and sediment geochemistry on the horizontal and vertical distribution of phosphorus and nitrogen in sediments of a large,shallow lake

Distinct horizontal water column concentration gradients of nutrients and chlorophyll a (Chl a) occur within large, shallow, eutrophic Lake Taihu, China. Concentrations are high in the north, where some of the major polluted tributaries enter the lake, and relatively low in the south, where macrophytes generally are abundant. It is not clear, however, whether these water column concentration gradients are similarly reflected in spatial heterogeneity of nutrient concentrations within the bottom sediments. The main objective of this study was therefore to test if horizontal and vertical variations in the phosphorus and nitrogen content in bottom sediments of Lake Taihu are significantly related to (1) horizontal variations in overlying water column nutrient concentrations and (2) other sediment geochemical constituents. We measured the concentration of total phosphorus (TP) and total nitrogen (TN) in surficial sediments (0–2 cm) and TP, TN and Chl a concentrations in water column samples, collected from 32 sites in 2005. In 2006 sediment, TP, TN, carbon, iron and manganese concentrations were measured vertically at 2 cm intervals, extending to a depth of approximately 20 cm, at an additional eight sites. Linear correlation analysis revealed that surficial sediment TP concentrations across the 32 stations were related significantly, though weakly, to annual mean water column concentrations of TP, TN as well as Chl a. Correlations of surficial sediment TN with water column variables were, however, not significant (P > 0.05). Amongst the geochemical variables tested, the vertical variability of sediment TP concentrations was most strongly related to sediment manganese and carbon concentrations. A multiple stepwise linear regression revealed that the combination of sediment manganese and carbon concentrations explained 91% of the horizontal variability in sediment TP concentrations and 65% of the vertical variability. Handling editor: Luigi Naselli-Flores     

Phospholipase D2-generated phosphatidic acid couples EGFR stimulation to Ras activation by Sos

The activation of Ras by the guanine nucleotide-exchange factor Son of sevenless (Sos) constitutes the rate-limiting step in the transduction process that links receptor tyrosine kinases to Ras-triggered intracellular signalling pathways. A prerequisite for the function of Sos in this context is its ligand-dependent membrane recruitment, and the prevailing model implicates both the Sos carboxy-terminal proline-rich motifs and amino-terminal pleckstrin homology (PH) domain in this process. Here, we describe a previously unrecognized pathway for the PH domain-dependent membrane recruitment of Sos that is initiated by the growth factor-induced generation of phosphatidic acid via the signalling enzyme phospholipase D2 (PLD2). Phosphatidic acid interacts with a defined site in the Sos PH domain with high affinity and specificity. This interaction is essential for epidermal growth factor (EGF)-induced Sos membrane recruitment and Ras activation. Our findings establish a crucial role for PLD2 in the coupling of extracellular signals to Sos-mediated Ras activation, and provide new insights into the spatial coordination of this activation event.     

红细胞嘧啶-5′-核苷酸酶的纯化及其抗血清的制备

利用UMP-ADH-Sepharose4B亲和层析的方法纯化正常人红细胞嘧啶-5′-核苷酸酶（P5′N, EC.3.1.3.5）.结果表明：利用UMP-ADH-Sepharose4B亲和层析柱可有效、专一性吸附P5′N,纯化液经聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳显示一条蛋白质带,测定纯化物相对分子质量28×10³,等电点（pI）5.2. 纯化物免疫家兔后,得兔抗人P5′N抗血清,为探讨遗传性及获得性P5′N缺陷奠定了基础.     

Cholesterol modulates function of connexin 43 gap junction channel via PKC pathway in H9c2 cells

It has been shown that cholesterol modulates activity of protein kinase C (PKC), and PKC phosphorylates connexin 43 (Cx43) to regulate its function, respectively. However, it is not known whether cholesterol modulates function of Cx43 through regulating activity of PKC. In the present study, we demonstrated that cholesterol enrichment reduced the dye transfer ability of Cx43 in cultured H9c2 cells. Western blot analysis indicated that cholesterol enrichment enhanced the phosphorylated state of Cx43. Immunofluorescent images showed that cholesterol enrichment made the Cx43 distribution from condensed to diffused manner in the interface between the cells. In cholesterol enriched cells, PKC antagonists partially restored the dye transfer ability among the cells, downregulated the phosphorylation of Cx43 and redistributed Cx43 from the diffused manner to the condensed manner in the cell interface. In addition, reduction of cholesterol level suppressed PKC activity to phosphorylate Cx43 and restored Cx43 function in PKC agonist-treated cells. Furthermore, we demonstrated that cholesterol enrichment upregulated the phosphorylated state of Cx43 at Ser368, while PKC antagonists reversed the effect. Taken together, cholesterol level in the cells plays important roles in regulating Cx43 function through activation of the PKC signaling pathway.     

肽缀合反义寡核苷酸的合成和性能

反义寡核苷酸可作为基因表达的抑制剂和潜在的治疗药物,但多种类型的寡核苷酸为聚阴离子化合物,难以跨过细胞膜.已知包括融合肽、信号肽在内的多种生物活性多肽具有跨膜与核定位能力.讨论了反义寡核苷酸-肽缀合物的合成和生物活性.     

猪瘟病毒的形态结构与形态发生

建立了猪瘟病毒(CSFV)弱毒疫苗Thiverval株(T株)与中 国兔化弱毒疫苗C株在MPK细胞中的感染模式。使用MPK细胞增殖CSFV,其病毒滴度明显提高,从而为应用电镜超薄切片技术研究猪瘟病毒的形态结构与形态发生提供了可能性。猪瘟病毒呈圆形颗粒,直径约为70nm。其内部是电子致密的核心,直径约为40nm,有时呈六角形;外有包膜包裹。在CSFV感染的MPK细胞质中,可观察到处于不同发育阶段的子代病毒粒子。此外,猪瘟病毒的感染能够引起某些宿主细胞超微结构上的变化。     

春兰内生真菌的分离及其抑菌活性的初步研究

利用内蒙古锡林浩特国家气候观象台1994～2009年牧草生长季逐月实测资料,对CENTURY模型进行检验,模拟内蒙古典型草原1953～2010年间地上净初级生产力（ANPP）动态,并与26个气象因子进行相关性分析。模型检验结果显示,模拟值与观测值之间的相关系数为R²=0.66,斜率b=0.95,误差平方根值为50.51 g·m^-2,平均绝对百分比误差为44.19%。结果表明：（1）CENTURY模型能比较准确地模拟这类草原的季节动态和年际变化;在过去的58年中,内蒙古典型草原温度增加,降水减少,ANPP下降;ANPP变化趋势与降水量相似。（2）用实际气象观测资料模拟获得的ANPP随气温和降水的变化呈现出明显的变化规律,生长季内地上生物量对降水和温度的季节性分布也非常敏感;相关分析进一步表明,ANPP对生长季内降水量和极端高温非常敏感,而与年极端最低气温、平均地面温度、日照时数、平均风速和最大积雪深度无显著相关关系;过去58年研究区ANPP下降是降水减少、温度升高以及干旱事件频发共同作用的结果。（3）根据预测,在SRES B2情景下,未来50～100年内蒙古典型草原生长季平均最高气温和最低气温都将呈升高趋势,2080s分别升高4.01℃、4.35℃,每10年增加速率分别为0.35℃和0.38℃;降水量略呈增加,2020s、2050s和2080s研究区生长季将分别增加3.17%、5.13%和7.03%,每10年增加速率为0.09 mm;ANPP呈下降趋势年际间波动较大,2020s、2050s和2080s研究区将分别下降5.76%、7.52%和11.42%,每10年下降速率为0.76 g·m^-2。     

Cofactor and CO2 donor regulation involved in reductive routes for polymalic acid production by Aureobasidium pullulans CCTCC M2012223

Polymalic acid (PMA) is a water-soluble polyester with many attractive properties for biomedical application. Its monomer l-malic acid is widely used in the food industry and also a potential C4 platform chemical. Cofactor and CO₂ donor involved in the reductive routes were investigated for PMA production by Aureobasidium pullulans. Biotin as the key cofactor of pyruvate carboxylase was favor for the PMA biosynthesis. Na₂CO₃ as CO₂ donor can obviously improved PMA titer when compared with no CO₂ supplier NaOH, and also exhibit more advantages than the other donor CaCO₃ because of its water-soluble characteristic. A combinational process with addition of biotin 70 mg/L and Na₂CO₃ as the CO₂ donor was scaled-up in 50 L fermentor, achieving the high product 34.3 g/L of PMA and productivity of 0.41 g/L h. This process provides an efficient and economical way for PMA and malic acid production, and is promising for industrial application.     

不同稻作方式对稻田杂草群落的影响

运用半试验与调查相结合的方法,以贵州省从江县传统农业区的糯稻和杂交稻为例,研究了在水稻单作（R）、稻-鱼（R-F）和稻-鱼-鸭（R-F-D）3种不同稻作方式下稻田杂草群落的特征.结果表明：糯稻在3种稻作方式下的抑制杂草能力均优于杂交稻;R-F-D显著降低了田间杂草的发生密度,对鸭舌草、节节菜等的抑制效果达到100%,总体抑制杂草效果显著优于其他稻作方式,杂草的物种丰富度及Shannon多样性指数显著降低,Pielou均匀度指数提高,表明群落物种组成发生了很大的改变,降低了原来优势杂草的发生, 是一种较好的可达到抑制杂草效果的稻作方式.