海南产木薯茎化学成分研究

从木薯(Manihot esculenta Crantz)茎的乙醇提取物中分离得到6个化合物,通过波谱分析,分别鉴定为呋喃(1)、肥牛木素(2)、3-吲哚甲酸(3)、3,9,13-megastigmanetriol (4)、穗花杉双黄酮(5)、yucalexin P-21 (6),其中化合物1~5为首次从该植物中分离得到。用滤纸片琼脂扩散法测定了这些化合物的抗菌活性,结果表明化合物1、3、4和6对耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)和金黄色葡萄球菌均有抑制作用。     

胃癌根治术后腹腔热灌注化疗对患者血清CEA、CA19-9水平及免疫功能的影响

目的:探讨胃癌根治术后腹腔灌注化疗对患者血清CEA(血清癌胚抗原,carcinoembryonic antigen)、CA19-9(糖链抗原19-9,carbohydrate antigen19-9)水平及免疫功能的影响。方法:回顾性2015年2月至2017年4月我院收治的胃癌患者临床资料,依据接受治疗方案不同分为全身静脉化疗组(对照组)和全身静脉化疗联合腹腔热灌注化疗组(观察组),每组各41例。检测和比较两组患者化疗前(治疗前)与化疗1个月后(治疗后)血清肿瘤标志物CEA、CA19-9与免疫功能指标水平的变化,治疗后毒副作用发生情况及治疗前后生活质量的改善情况。结果:治疗前,两组间血清CEA、CA19-9、CD3~+、CD4~+、CD8~+、CD4+/CD8~+水平比较差异均无统计学意义(P0.05);观察组治疗后血清CEA、CA19-9及CD8~+水平显著低于对照组,CD3~+、CD4~+、CD4~+/CD8~+水平显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);两组骨髓抑制、恶心呕吐、腹痛腹泻及肠梗发生率比较差异均不显著无统计学意义(P=0.478,0.668,0.315,0.552);观察组生活质量改善总有效率为85.37%,显著高于对照组(70.73%,P=0.017)。结论:与单纯全身化疗相比,胃癌根治术后腹腔灌注化疗可更有效降低患者血清CEA、CA19-9水平,改善患者免疫功能,提高其生活质量,且安全性较高。     

川西亚高山人工林碳氮分配格局及其随凋落叶分解的释放规律

对四川西部亚高山地区连香树、糙皮桦、云南松和云杉4种主要人工林生态系统的生物量、土壤及林木器官C、N含量进行了测定.结果表明：林木体内C的分布与器官年龄的关系不明显,而N和C/N的分布与年龄的关系较为密切.幼嫩器官中的N含量大于老化器官,老化器官中的C/N比值大于幼嫩器官,且针叶林地枯落叶中的C/N比值大于阔叶林地.C、N在土壤表层具有明显的富集作用,在整个人工林生态系统(包括林木、枯落物和土壤0～40 cm)中的积累量分别达 176.75～228.05 t·hm^-2和 11.06～16.54 t·hm^-2,在土壤-枯落物分室和林木分室中的分配比例为C （1.9～3.3）∶1,N （15.6～41.5）∶1,且针叶林的“C汇”功能大于阔叶林.阔叶林地的凋落叶分解速率一般大于针叶林地,周转期分别为2.2～3.7 a和3.9～4.2a;在凋落叶分解过程中,C在所有林地均呈超速释出态势,周转期为1.9～3.4 a;N在连香树和糙皮桦林地呈超速释出态势,周转期为1.9～3.2 a,在云南松和云杉林地呈慢速释出态势,周转期为6.7～8.5 a.     

小鼠Daintain/AIF-1基因启动子的克隆及其荧光素酶报告基因载体的构建

目的：对Daintain/AIF-1（大炎肽/同种异体移植炎症因子-1）基因启动子进行克隆并构建荧光素酶报告基因载体,为进一步研究Daintain/AIF-1的转录调控作用提供了质粒资源。方法：提取单核巨噬细胞系RAW264.7基因组DNA,以其为模板采用PCR方法克隆出Daintain/AIF-1基因5＇端UTR区1.6 kb DNA序列,将该序列同源重组到pGL3-Basic载体上,转化感受态DH5α并酶切鉴定和测序。结果：PCR产物片段与预期结果一致,Daintain/AIF-1基因5＇端UTR区1.6 kb DNA序列连接到pGL3-Basic载体上,构建成pGL3-Basic-Daintain/AIF-1（pGL3-Basic-DT）载体,酶切结果与理论预测值一致,经测序证实无碱基突变。结论：Daintain/AIF-1基因报告基因载体的构建为进一步研究Daintain/AIF-1转录调控作用提供了载体资源。     

牛尾草中一新的对映-贝壳杉烷型二萜

从牛尾草[Isodon ternifolius(D.Don)Kudo]的地上部分分离得到一个新的对映－贝壳杉烷型二萜,命名为牛尾草素H（1）,通过波谱方法鉴定了它的结构。此外,还分离得到5个已知的对映－贝壳杉烷型二萜化合物：香茶菜醛（2）,长管香茶菜素A,E和G（3－5）,开展香茶菜素E（6）,以及木樨草素（7）,芹菜素（8）,α－香树脂醇（9）,乌索酸（10）和2α－羟基乌索酸（11）。     

GA3和变温层积对天女木兰种子萌发及内源激素的影响

用不同质量浓度GA3浸泡天女木兰种子并结合变温层积处理,应用高效液相色谱法对不同时期种子中4种激素GA3、IAA、ABA、ZR含量进行测定,并测量种胚长和萌发率,以探讨天女木兰种胚发育,内源激素含量变化与种子休眠萌发之间的调控关系,为进一步研究种子休眠机理提供理论基础。结果表明:(1)天女木兰成熟种子胚发育不完全,胚乳内高浓度ABA和低浓度GA3是其休眠的主要原因。(2)GA3处理能促使天女木兰种子提前30d完成形态后熟,并以1 500mg·L-1 GA3处理效果最佳。(3)在变温层积过程,天女木兰种胚发育可分三个阶段:阶段Ⅰ(0~70d)完成种胚进一步分化;阶段Ⅱ(70~120d)种胚快速生长时期;阶段Ⅲ(120~150d)休眠完全解除,种子具备发芽能力。种子能否打破休眠主要取决于阶段Ⅰ和Ⅱ的状况。(4)GA3/ABA、IAA/ABA和ZR/ABA在种子后熟期间的变化同胚生长发育存在一致性,认为内源激素的相对水平对种子休眠具有重要的调控作用。     

Hypomania: a transcultural perspective

This study examined the transcultural robustness of a screening instrument for hypomania, the Hypomania Checklist-32, first revised version (HCL-32 R1). It was carried out in 2606 patients from twelve countries in five geographic regions (Northern, Southern and Eastern Europe, South America and East Asia). In addition, GAMIAN Europe contributed data from its members. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were used to examine the transregional stability of the measurement properties of the HCL-32 R1, including the influence of sex and age as covariates. Across cultures, a two-factor structure was confirmed: the first factor (F1) reflected the more positive aspects of hypomania (being more active, elated, self-confident, and cogni-tively enhanced); the second factor (F2) reflected the more negative aspects (being irritable, impulsive, careless, more substance use). The measurement properties of the HCL-32 R1 were largely invariant across cultures. Only few items showed transcultural differences in their relation to hypomania as measured by the test. F2 was higher among men and in more severe manic syndromes; F1 was highest in North and East Europe and lowest in South America. The scores decreased slightly with age. The frequency of the 32 items showed remarkable similarities across geographic areas, with two excep-tions: South Europeans had lower symptom frequencies in general and East Europeans higher rates of substance use. These findings support the interna-tional applicability of the HCL-32 R1 as a screening instrument for hypomania.     

红螺菌(Rhodospirillum sp.)的生长及其饥饿存活的研究

红螺菌（Ｒｈｏｄｏｐｉｒｉｌｌｕｍ ｓｐ．）是在多种不同生境中广泛存在的光合细菌中的一类,它在水产养殖上也得到了广泛应用。报道了不同生长阶段红螺菌在饥饿环境中的存添能力。红螺菌在饥饿环境中的存活能力提高。分批培养过程中,同时测定红螺菌数和可培养活菌数的变化表明,静止期生长期后的红螺菌难以在固体培养基上形成菌落,进入非可培养状态,进入非可培养状态的红螺菌经复苏培养后仍可恢复在固体培养基上形成菌落的能     

白木香内生真菌Aspergillus sp.A14的挥发性成分及其抗菌活性

通过溶剂萃取法提取白木香内生真菌A14(Aspergillus sp.)的挥发油,采用滤纸片琼脂扩散法分别测定了其对3种人体病原菌的体外抑菌活性。结果表明:A14挥发油对金黄色葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus aureus)、耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(Methicillin-resistant S.aureus,MRSA)和白色念珠菌(Candida albicans)均表现出一定抑制作用。应用GC-MS技术,分析鉴定了内生真菌A14挥发油的14个化学成分,显示蜂蜜曲菌素是其中的主要成分,占挥发油峰面积的93.41%。     

Study of Factors for Cultivating the Orchid Species Gastrodia elata,a Traditional Chinese Medicine

The orchid speices Gastrodia elata is a valuable traditional Chinese medicine and has been widely applied for treating a variety of diseases. The yield of wild Gelata is very limited since its vegetative growth is exclusively dependent on its symbiosis with the fungus Armillaria mellea, from which Gelata is able to obtain nutrients from rotten wood in the forest. To develop a standard for cultivating Gelata in large quantities, four factors that may influence the yield of Gelata need to be further investigated, including cultivation environment, inoculation volume of Armillaria, wood from different tree species, and the effect of fertilizer on the maturation of Gelata. To optimize these factors, a large scale orthogonal experiment was performed in the farmland of Xiaocaoba, Zhaotong, Yunnan Province. Among the four factors tested, inoculation of Armillaria played the most important role in the maturation of Gelata. The yield of mature tubers, in terms of both tuber weight and quantity, on open ground is greater than that in forested areas. Of the 12 tree species tested, Dipentodon sinicus stimulated the largest amount of growth of Armillaria and produced the greatest yield of Gelata in the farmland. In comparison to the other factors tested, fertilizer showed no effect on the yield of G-elata.