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Atsushi TSUKAMOTO Mami IIMURO Reiichiro SATO Jumpei YAMAZAKI Tomo INOMATA 《Experimental Animals》2015,64(2):139-145
Isoflurane is a representative inhalant anesthesia used in laboratory animals. However,
isoflurane mediates respiratory depression and adverse clinical reactions during
induction. In the present study, we established a novel balanced anesthesia method in mice
that combined isoflurane anesthesia with midazolam and butorphanol (MB). Thirty-four male
C57BL/6J mice received either isoflurane alone or isoflurane with an intra-peritoneal MB
premedication (3 mg/kg midazolam and 4 mg/kg butorphanol). The minimum alveolar
concentration (MAC) in each group was evaluated. Induction time and adverse clinical
reactions were recorded in each group. Core body temperature, heart rate, respiratory
rate, and oxygen saturation (SPO2) were assessed before and for 1 h after
induction. Premedication with MB achieved a significant reduction in MAC compared with
isoflurane monoanesthesia (isoflurane, 1.38 ± 0.15%; isoflurane with MB, 0.78 ± 0.10%;
P<0.05). Induction time was significantly shortened with MB
premedication, and adverse reactions such as excitement or incontinence were observed less
frequently. Furthermore, isoflurane anesthesia with MB premedication caused increase of
respiratory rates compared to isoflurane monoanesthesia. No significant decrease of
SPO2 was observed in MBI anesthesia, while a decrease in SPO2 was
apparent with isoflurane monoanesthesia (baseline, 98.3% ± 1.1; 10 min after induction,
91.8 ± 6.4%; P<0.05). In conclusion, premedication with MB was
effective for the mitigation of respiratory depression induced by isoflurane in mice, with
rapid induction and fewer adverse clinical reactions. 相似文献
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KENTARO MISHIMA ATSUSHI WATANABE KEIYA ISODA MASATOSHI UBUKATA KATSUHIKO TAKATA 《Molecular ecology resources》2006,6(3):695-697
Microsatellites were isolated and characterized for the Japanese oak species, Quercus mongolica var. crispula, distributed in temperate deciduous forests of Japan. Eleven of the 48 primer pairs designed successfully amplified unambiguous and polymorphic single loci among 67 Q. mongolica var. crispula individuals within a plot in southwestern Japan. The observed and expected heterozygosities of the 11 microsatellite markers ranged from 0.522 to 0.896 and from 0.536 to 0.882, respectively. These polymorphic microsatellite markers are useful for estimating pollen‐mediated gene flow in Q. mongolica var. crispula. 相似文献
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The blastomeres isolated from urodelan blastulae continued to divide without aggregating of daughter cells when inoculated with Ca2+-free neutral Holtfreter solution into glass culture dishes coated with agar. When standard Holtfreter solution with pH 8.2 was used as a culture medium, Ca2+ content from 1/40 to 1/20 of the original strength was essential for the purpose of the present observations; other divalent cations such as Mg2+, Ba2+ or Mn2+ replaced Ca2+. Under these experimental conditions, cell pedigrees were obtained during the incubation period. The greatest number of cell divisions so far observed in vitro was 8 for Hynobius lichenatus, and 9 for Cynops pyrrhogaster. Some related observations on the behavior of isolated blastomeres are also presented. 相似文献
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SHIGERU TANSHO-NAGAKAWA YOSHINORI SATO TSUNEYUKI UBAGAI TAKANE KIKUCHI-UEDA GO KAMOSHIDA SATOSHI NISHIDA YASUO ONO 《Polish journal of microbiology》2021,70(4):469
Acinetobacter baumannii is the main causative pathogen of nosocomial infections that causes severe infections in the lungs. In this study, we analyzed the histopathological characteristics of lung infection with two strains of A. baumannii (ATCC 19606 and the clinical isolate TK1090) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO-1 in C3H/HeN mice to evaluate the virulence of A. baumannii. Survival was evaluated over 14 days. At 1, 2, 5, or 14 days postinfection, mice of C3H/HeN were sacrificed, and histopathological analysis of lung specimens was also performed. Histopathological changes and accumulation of neutrophils and macrophages in the lungs after infection with A. baumannii and P. aeruginosa were analyzed. Following intratracheal inoculation, the lethality of ATCC 19606- and TK1090-infected mice was lower than that of PAO-1-infected mice. However, when mice were inoculated with a sub-lethal dose of A. baumannii, the lung bacterial burden remained in the mice until 14 days post-infection. Additionally, histopathological analysis revealed that macrophages infiltrated the lung foci of ATCC 19606-, TK1090-, and PAO-1-infected mice. Although neutrophils infiltrated the lung foci of ATCC 19606- and TK1090-infected mice, they poorly infiltrated the lung foci of PAO-1-infected mice. Accumulation of these cells in the lung foci of ATCC 19606- and TK1090-infected mice, but not PAO-1-infected mice, was observed for 14 days post-infection. These results suggest that A. baumannii is not completely eliminated despite the infiltration of immune cells in the lungs and that inflammation lasts for prolonged periods in the lungs. Further studies are required to understand the mechanism of A. baumannii infection, and novel drugs and vaccines should be developed to prevent A. baumannii infection. 相似文献
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根据头骨和下颌建立了海龙一新属新种——短吻贫齿龙(Miodentosaurus brevis gen.et sp.nov.)。其正型标本是采自贵州三叠纪法郎组的一具骨架(台中自然科学博物馆标本编号NMNS-004727/F003960)。虽然头后骨胳还没有修理,但是几近完好的头骨和下颌显示出许多与众不同的特征,足以确定该标本代表了一新的海龙属种。短吻贫齿龙是个体较大的海龙,其全长超过4 m,头骨背部最长约为33 cm。吻直且极短是其最显著的特征之一。其他主要特征有:前颌骨沿前背中央有一隆嵴;上颌仅前颌骨有6枚圆锥形齿,无上颌骨齿;上颌骨沿前腹侧缘有一沟槽;下颌齿骨齿都集中在前端且至多不超过6枚。依据上述这些特征很易把短吻贫齿龙与其他已知海龙相区别。短吻贫齿龙头骨顶面松果孔大且很前位,头骨腭面的锄骨和翼骨均无齿,它的颈较长(至少可以辨认出13个颈椎)。这些特征显示短吻贫齿龙可能与包括中国安顺龙属(Anshunsaurus)在内的Askeptosauroidea超科有相近的系统关系。 相似文献
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