CircPRMT5 circular RNA promotes proliferation of colorectal cancer through sponging miR-377 to induce E2F3 expression

CircPRTM5 is associated with cell proliferation and migration in many kinds of malignancies. However, the functions and mechanisms of CircPRTM5 in CRC progression remain unclear. We explored the role and the mechanisms of CircPRTM5 in the development of CRC. Tissues of CRC patients and matched adjacent non-tumour tissues were collected to evaluate the expression of CircPRTM5. The expression of CircPRTM5 in CRC tissues was significantly higher than that in adjacent tissues. The biological functions of CircPRTM5 in CRC were determined by overexpression and down-regulation of CircPRTM5 in CRC cells in vitro and in vivo. The results indicate that knockdown of CircPRTM5 can significantly inhibit the proliferation of CRC cells. The potential mechanisms of CircPRTM5 in CRC development were identified by RT-qPCR, Western blotting analysis and luciferase reporter assay. CircPRTM5 competitively regulates the expression of E2F3 by capillary adsorption of miR-377. CircPRMT5 regulates CRC proliferation by regulating the expression of E2F3, which affects the expression of the cell cycle-associated proteins cyclinD1 and CDK2. CircPRTM5 exerts critical regulatory role in CRC progression by sponging miR-377 to induce E2F3 expression.     

Thioredoxin-interacting protein promotes activation and inflammation of monocytes with DNA demethylation in coronary artery disease

Numerous studies have demonstrated that thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) expression of peripheral blood leucocytes is increased in coronary artery disease (CAD). However, the molecular mechanism of this phenomenon remained unclear. DNA methylation plays important roles in the regulation of gene expression. Therefore, we speculated there might be a close association between the expression of TXNIP and methylation. In this study, we found that compared with controls, DNA methylation at cg19693031 was decreased in CAD, while mRNA expressions of TXNIP and inflammatory factors, NLRP3, IL-1β, IL-18, were increased. Methylation at cg19693031 was negatively associated with TXNIP expression in the cohort, THP-1 and macrophages/foam cells. Furthermore, Transwell assay and co-cultured adhesion assay were performed to investigate functions of TXNIP on the migration of THP-1 or the adhesion of THP-1 on the surface of endothelial cells, respectively. Notably, overexpressed TXNIP promoted the migration and adhesion of THP-1 cells and expressions of NLRP3, IL-18 and IL-1β. Oppositely, knock-down TXNIP inhibited the migration and adhesion of THP-1 and expressions of NLRP3, IL-18. In conclusion, increased TXNIP expression, related to cg19693031 demethylation orientates monocytes towards an inflammatory status through the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway involved in the development of CAD.     

A novel lncRNA PLK4 up‐regulated by talazoparib represses hepatocellular carcinoma progression by promoting YAP‐mediated cell senescence

A growing number of studies recognize that long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are essential to mediate multiple tumorigenic processes, including hepatic tumorigenesis. However, the pathological mechanism of lncRNA‐regulated liver cancer cell growth remains poorly understood. In this study, we identified a novel function lncRNA, named polo‐like kinase 4 associated lncRNA (lncRNA PLK4, GenBank Accession No. RP11‐50D9.3), whose expression was dramatically down‐regulated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissues and cells. Interestingly, talazoparib, a novel and highly potent poly‐ADP‐ribose polymerase 1/2 (PARP1/2) inhibitor, could increase lncRNA PLK4 expression in HepG2 cells. Importantly, we showed that talazoparib‐induced lncRNA PLK4 could function as a tumour suppressor gene by Yes‐associated protein (YAP) inactivation and induction of cellular senescence to inhibit liver cancer cell viability and growth. In summary, our findings reveal the molecular mechanism of talazoparib‐induced anti‐tumor effect, and suggest a potential clinical use of talazoparib‐targeted lncRNA PLK4/YAP‐dependent cellular senescence for the treatment of HCC.     

The role of sphingosine 1‐phosphate and its receptors in cardiovascular diseases

There are many different types of cardiovascular diseases, which impose a huge economic burden due to their extremely high mortality rates, so it is necessary to explore the underlying mechanisms to achieve better supportive and curative care outcomes. Sphingosine 1‐phosphate (S1P) is a bioactive lipid mediator with paracrine and autocrine activities that acts through its cell surface S1P receptors (S1PRs) and intracellular signals. In the circulatory system, S1P is indispensable for both normal and disease conditions; however, there are very different views on its diverse roles, and its specific relevance to cardiovascular pathogenesis remains elusive. Here, we review the synthesis, release and functions of S1P, specifically detail the roles of S1P and S1PRs in some common cardiovascular diseases, and then address several controversial points, finally, we focus on the development of S1P‐based therapeutic approaches in cardiovascular diseases, such as the selective S1PR1 modulator amiselimod (MT‐1303) and the non‐selective S1PR1 and S1PR3 agonist fingolimod, which may provide valuable insights into potential therapeutic strategies for cardiovascular diseases.     

Boosting Superior Lithium Storage Performance of Alloy‐Based Anode Materials via Ultraconformal Sb Coating–Derived Favorable Solid‐Electrolyte Interphase

Alloy materials such as Si and Ge are attractive as high‐capacity anodes for rechargeable batteries, but such anodes undergo severe capacity degradation during discharge–charge processes. Compared to the over‐emphasized efforts on the electrode structure design to mitigate the volume changes, understanding and engineering of the solid‐electrolyte interphase (SEI) are significantly lacking. This work demonstrates that modifying the surface of alloy‐based anode materials by building an ultraconformal layer of Sb can significantly enhance their structural and interfacial stability during cycling. Combined experimental and theoretical studies consistently reveal that the ultraconformal Sb layer is dynamically converted to Li₃Sb during cycling, which can selectively adsorb and catalytically decompose electrolyte additives to form a robust, thin, and dense LiF‐dominated SEI, and simultaneously restrain the decomposition of electrolyte solvents. Hence, the Sb‐coated porous Ge electrode delivers much higher initial Coulombic efficiency of 85% and higher reversible capacity of 1046 mAh g^?1 after 200 cycles at 500 mA g^?1, compared to only 72% and 170 mAh g^?1 for bare porous Ge. The present finding has indicated that tailoring surface structures of electrode materials is an appealing approach to construct a robust SEI and achieve long‐term cycling stability for alloy‐based anode materials.     

人免疫球蛋白联合IMP/CS和PS/TS对重症肺部感染患者炎性因子及T细胞亚群的影响

目的:人免疫球蛋白(HIG)联合亚胺培南西司他丁钠(IMP/CS)和哌拉西林他唑巴坦钠(PS/TS)治疗重症肺部感染的临床疗效。方法:选择2013年3月～2018年7月复旦大学附属华山医院北院收治的重症肺部感染患者99例为研究对象,采用随机数字法分为A组(33例,采用HIG+IMP/CS+PS/TS治疗)、B组(33例,采用IMP/CS+PS/TS治疗)和C组(33例,采用PS/TS治疗),比较三组有效率、炎性因子、T细胞亚群和不良反应。结果:A组临床总有效率为96.97%,高于B组的78.79%,B组高于C组的60.61%(P0.05)。治疗7 d后,三组C反应蛋白(CRP)、白介素-6(IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、CD8~+水平较治疗前降低,CD4~+和CD4~+/CD8~+较治疗前升高,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗7 d后,A组CRP、IL-6、TNF-α、CD8~+水平低于B组,B组低于C组(P0.05);治疗7d后,A组CD4~+和CD4~+/CD8~+高于B组,B组高于C组(P0.05)。三组治疗期间均无药物相关不良反应的发生。结论:HIG联合IMP/CS和PS/TS治疗重症肺部感染患者安全有效,能有效改善患者的炎性反应,调节免疫功能,促进患者恢复。     

不同农药对木瓜秀粉蚧的毒力及复配增效作用

为筛选对入侵害虫木瓜秀粉蚧毒力较好的农药及复配增效配比,为该虫的化学药剂防治提供理论依据,本文采用叶面喷雾法测定了11种农药对木瓜秀粉蚧2龄若虫的室内毒力,挑选毒力较好的两种药剂进行复配,筛选增效配比,并进行田间药效试验。结果表明,11种农药对木瓜秀粉蚧的毒力大小依次为:螺螨酯>哒螨灵>噻虫胺>联苯菊酯>矿物油>高效氯氰菊酯>炔螨特>啶虫脒>吡虫啉>噻螨酮>四螨嗪。哒螨灵与螺螨酯(60∶40)复配共毒系数最大,为182.47。田间药效试验发现,混配药剂防效均高于单剂且达到差异显著。     

PPARγ与c/EBPα基因在苏太猪不同组织中的表达水平探究

为探究PPARγ与c/EBPα基因在苏太猪不同组织中的表达与脂肪沉积的关系,本实验以10月龄苏太猪为研究对象,运用实时荧光定量PCR (q RT-PCR)技术检测PPARγ与c/EBPα基因mRNA在苏太猪心、肝、脾、肺、肾、胃、背最长肌和皮下脂肪8个组织中的表达水平。结果表明,PPARγ与c/EBPα基因在苏太猪的8个组织中均有不同程度的表达,其中,PPARγ基因在苏太猪脾脏组织中的表达量最高,皮下脂肪中的表达水平仅次于脾;以背最长肌中PPARγ基因的相对表达量作对比,背最长肌与脾、肺和皮下脂肪的相对表达差异极显著(p<0.01),其余为差异不显著(p>0.05),表达量高低顺序为脾>皮下脂肪>肺>心>胃>肾>肝>背最长肌;c/EBPα基因在苏太猪的皮下脂肪的表达量最高,以背最长肌中c/EBPα基因的相对表达量作对比,在肝、脾、皮下脂肪组织中表达差异极显著(p<0.01),肺的相对表达差异显著(p<0.05),其余组织中差异不显著(p>0.05),表达量的高低顺序为皮下脂肪>肝>脾>肺>肾>心>胃>背最长肌。两基因在各组织中表达趋势趋于一致。试验结果表明PPARγ和c/EBPα基因可能对猪脂肪沉积有重要影响。