新疆维吾尔族妇女宫颈癌组织中乳头瘤病毒16型E6基因的克隆和序列分析

为了分析新疆南部地区维吾尔族妇女宫颈癌组织中HPV16型E6基因结构特点，从中国新疆南部地区维吾尔族妇女宫颈癌活检组织标本中提取DNA，以宫颈癌活检组织标本DNA为模板进行PCR扩增，获得HPV16 E6基因，将其克隆到pUCm-T载体上，并对其进行基因全序列分析.PCR检测结果显示宫颈癌组织中HPV16 E6阳性率为82.35%（14/17）；测序结果显示，新疆株HPV16 E6基因全长456 bp，大小与德国标准株一致.E6基因的第247位碱基发生T→G突变，并由此引起所编码的氨基酸亦发生改变.上述结果表明，中国新疆南部地区维吾尔族妇女宫颈癌患者组织中HPV16 E6的基因结构与德国标准株HPV16 E6基因之间存在差异.     

nisZ启动子结构与功能的研究

应用βGlucuronidase基因(gusA)作为报告基因,通过定点突变方法分别缺失nisZ编码区上游两个启动子结构(promoter1和promoter2)中的一个,发现只有靠近编码区的promoter2是nisZ启动子诱导表达所必需。将promoter2中10区及其上游的一个碱基突变为乳酸菌中典型的组成型启动子的10区结构,该改变使nisZ启动子诱导功能下降;将promoter2的10区和35区的间隔区由20个碱基缺失突变为17个碱基,则nisZ启动子失去诱导功能。据此认为该间隔区的结构与nisZ启动子的诱导表达密切相关。     

Identification of the ryanodine receptor mutation I4743M and its contribution to diamide insecticide resistance in Spodoptera exigua (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Insect ryanodine receptors (RyRs) are the targets of diamide insecticides. Two point mutations G4946E and I4790M (numbering according to Plutella xylostella, PxRyR) in the transmembrane domain of the insect RyRs associated with diamide resistance have so far been identified in three lepidopteran pests, P. xylostella, Tuta absoluta and Chilo suppressalis. In this study, we identified one of the known RyR target site resistance mutations (I4790M) in a field‐collected population of Spodoptera exigua. The field‐collected WF population of S. exigua exhibited 154 fold resistance to chlorantraniliprole when compared with the susceptible WH‐S strain. Sequencing the transmembrane domains of S. exigua RyR (SeRyR) revealed that the resistant WF strain was homozygous for the I4743M mutation (corresponding to I4790M in PxRyR), whereas the G4900E allele (corresponding to G4946E of PxRyR) was not detected. The 4743M allele was introgressed into the susceptible WH‐S strain by crossing WF with WH‐S, followed by three rounds of backcrossing with WH‐S. The introgressed strain 4743M was homozygous for the mutant 4743M allele and shared about 94% of its genetic background with that of the recipient WH‐S strain. Compared with WH‐S, the near‐isogenic 4743M strain showed moderate levels of resistance to chlorantraniliprole (21 fold), cyantraniliprole (25 fold) and flubendiamide (22 fold), suggesting that the I4743M mutation confers medium levels of resistance to all three diamides. Genetic analysis showed diamide resistance in the 4743M strain was inherited as an autosomal and recessive trait. Results from this study have direct implications for the design of appropriate resistance monitoring and management practices to sustainably control S. exigua.     

系统性疾病治疗与口腔病灶感染

口腔病灶被证实与许多系统性疾病的发生及发展有很大的相关关系,全身系统性疾病的治疗又会加重口腔病灶的感染,影响患者的生存质量,干扰系统性疾病的治疗,严重则造成全身感染。可能诱发或加重口腔病灶感染的系统性疾病治疗有:口服抗癫痫药物、免疫抑制剂等药物导致的药物性牙龈炎;恶性肿瘤放化疗并发的口腔黏膜炎;长期应用抑制肿瘤骨转移或预防骨质疏松的双磷酸盐造成的颌骨坏死;异基因造血干细胞移植后的口腔排异反应等。     

Targeted overexpression of inducible 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase in adipose tissue increases fat deposition but protects against diet-induced insulin resistance and inflammatory responses

Increasing evidence demonstrates the dissociation of fat deposition, the inflammatory response, and insulin resistance in the development of obesity-related metabolic diseases. As a regulatory enzyme of glycolysis, inducible 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase (iPFK2, encoded by PFKFB3) protects against diet-induced adipose tissue inflammatory response and systemic insulin resistance independently of adiposity. Using aP2-PFKFB3 transgenic (Tg) mice, we explored the ability of targeted adipocyte PFKFB3/iPFK2 overexpression to modulate diet-induced inflammatory responses and insulin resistance arising from fat deposition in both adipose and liver tissues. Compared with wild-type littermates (controls) on a high fat diet (HFD), Tg mice exhibited increased adiposity, decreased adipose inflammatory response, and improved insulin sensitivity. In a parallel pattern, HFD-fed Tg mice showed increased hepatic steatosis, decreased liver inflammatory response, and improved liver insulin sensitivity compared with controls. In both adipose and liver tissues, increased fat deposition was associated with lipid profile alterations characterized by an increase in palmitoleate. Additionally, plasma lipid profiles also displayed an increase in palmitoleate in HFD-Tg mice compared with controls. In cultured 3T3-L1 adipocytes, overexpression of PFKFB3/iPFK2 recapitulated metabolic and inflammatory changes observed in adipose tissue of Tg mice. Upon treatment with conditioned medium from iPFK2-overexpressing adipocytes, mouse primary hepatocytes displayed metabolic and inflammatory responses that were similar to those observed in livers of Tg mice. Together, these data demonstrate a unique role for PFKFB3/iPFK2 in adipocytes with regard to diet-induced inflammatory responses in both adipose and liver tissues.     

猪链球菌2型与宿主细胞体外相互作用研究进展

猪链球菌2型(Streptococcus suis serotype2,SS2)是一种世界范围内的引起猪链球菌病的重要的人兽共患病原菌,人感染SS2后多呈现败血症型和脑膜炎型。2005年猪链球菌在我国四川省的感染暴发和近年来不断出现的零散病例给我国的公共卫生和食品安全带来了威胁,但迄今为止,对SS2致病机制研究尚不够深入。SS2的致病过程和宿主细胞相互作用密切相关,SS2-体外宿主细胞相互作用模型的建立对于揭示SS2致病分子机理具有重要的意义。目前的研究报道主要是从猪链球菌黏附与侵袭上皮细胞或内皮细胞、猪链球菌抗吞噬细胞的吞噬和猪链球菌激活免疫细胞炎症反应方面研究猪链球菌与宿主细胞的相互作用,但与其他常致病性链球菌如化脓性链球菌和肺炎链球菌相比,有些SS2-体外宿主细胞相互作用模型还缺乏统一的标准,由于感染模型的实验参数不尽相同得到结果也有所不同。本文对近年来猪链球菌2型与宿主细胞体外相互作用及其致病机理研究进展作一综述。     

锡林郭勒盟煤电基地开发生态脆弱性评价

内蒙古锡林郭勒盟国家大型煤电基地的建设,对我国华北和华东区域能源安全具有重要的作用。但随着锡盟大型煤电基地的开发,其对锡林郭勒盟这一具有重要生态屏障功能的典型草原区的生态环境造成不利影响。通过对区域生态敏感性、生态弹性及生态压力的系统研究,建立了基于生态敏感性、生态弹性及生态压力的生态脆弱性评价模型,对该区域生态脆弱性进行了评价。结果表明,锡盟地区总体生态环境质量较好,但呈现由东北向西南递减的特征。研究为锡林郭勒盟国家大型煤电基地的开发建设,区域协调发展与生态环境保护提供理论支持。     

美常安治疗老年人抗生素相关性腹泻的疗效观察

目的:观察美常安治疗老年人抗生素相关性腹泻的疗效.方法:将79例老年人抗生素相关性腹泻患者随机分为2组,对照组为常规治疗,治疗组在常规治疗的基础上加用美常安治疗.结果:治疗组患者的总有效率明显高于对照组,2组有显著差异(P＜0.05).结论:美常安治疗老年人抗生素相关性腹泻疗效显著.     

广西灵川县种植业的可持续发展

广西是我国南方农业大省(区),明确其农业发展的制约因素,提出具体的解决措施,实现农业可持续发展,对解决农业、农村和农民问题,促进经济持续、快速、健康发展,实现社会主义现代化建设战略目标具有重要的理论和现实意义。主要采用了参与性农户评估方法(PRA),通过随机入户方式,与农户面对面交流,并结合调查问卷,对广西桂林市灵川县11个乡镇的农户进行了调查访问,为方便研究和数据处理,在数据分析过程中将该县11个乡镇分为3个片区:东部片区、中部片区、北部片区,对比3组农户的文化素质、种植制度、冬季农业现状、农业需求和农田水利设施等方面问题,探讨广西农业可持续发展的制约因素,并提出相应的对策,以期为广西农业可持续发展提供理论依据。调查结果表明,虽然目前灵川县农业取得众多发展成就,但仍存在以下几个方面的问题,严重影响了该县种植业可持续发展的进程。一是种植制度结构单一,二是冬季农业发展薄弱,三是种植技术贫乏,四是基础设施建设不完善等,因此,为促进灵川县种植业可持续发展,亟需采取以下对策和措施:调整作物种植结构,建立合理的种植制度;大力发展冬季农业;满足农民最迫切的农业需求;加强农业基础设施建设等。     

兴安落叶松种群格局的分形特征信息维数

种群格局信息维数能够刻划格局强度的尺度变化程度,揭示出种群个体分布的非均匀性状况。采用信息维数对大兴安岭兴安落叶松种群格局的研究显示,各类兴安落叶松林中兴安落叶松种群格局的信息维数大小依次为越桔－兴安落叶松林（１．４８０）＞杜香－兴安落叶松林（１．３７３）＞杜鹃－兴安落叶松林（１．３２１）＞草类－兴安落叶松林（１．０９３）。虽为群落建群种,兴安落叶松种群格局的信息维数较低（＜１．５,远离２）,格局