家蚕五龄幼虫血淋巴内维生素的研究

本实验对家蚕Bombyx mori五龄健康的雌雄幼虫、氟中毒的雌幼虫、细胞质多角体病毒(CPV)感染的雄幼虫血淋巴内的烟酸、烟酰胺、吡哆辛(VB₆)、硫胺素(VB₁)及核黄素(VB₂)含量,采用离子对反相色谱法进行了定量测定.在五龄幼虫发育阶段,血淋巴内每种维生素含量均是雌蚕高于雄蚕,健康者高于病态者,且病蚕含维生素的量持续下降;烟酸和烟酰胺浓度一直减少,可能是部分烟酸、烟酰胺在酶作用下与某些蛋白质结合,部分烟酸、烟酰胺形成NADP酶的缘故;VB₆、VB₁和VB₂浓度增加,是幼虫大量摄食、贮存能量和营养,供日后生命循环需要的结果.     

蚤类在宿主体表的分布及温度和蚤数的关系

本文研究了方形黄鼠蚤松江亚种Citellophilus tesquorum sungaris和二齿新蚤Neopsylla bidentatiformis在小白鼠体表的分布及环境温度和体表蚤数的关系.结果证明,在各种温度下,鼠背部蚤数均多于腹部.5℃时,鼠前部蚤数多于后部;10—20℃时,前部与后部蚤数相近;25—40℃时,后部蚤数多于前部.鼠后背部蚤数随温度升高而增多,前腹部蚤数随温度升高而减少;温度越高二者之差越大,说明温度越高蚤越向后背部集中.鼠体蚤数较少时,背部与腹部,前部与后部,蚤数差别明显;鼠体蚤数过多时,各部位蚤数无大差别.     

中国侧斑金龟属四新种记述(鞘翅目:金龟总科, 斑金龟科)

本文记述斑金龟科(Trichiidae)侧斑金龟属Paratrichius中的4个新种,标本分别采自我国福建、海南、四川和云南四省。新种模式标本均保存在中国科学院动物研究所。 1.环侧斑金龟Paratrichius circularis新种     

达乌尔黄鼠精母细胞联会复合体的电镜观察

本文采用表面铺展法, 应用AgNO₃及PTA 染色技术研究了达乌尔黄鼠精母细胞联会复合体。根据对10个精母细胞SC 的测量结果, 作出了达乌尔黄鼠SC 的核型, 并与有丝分裂核型进行了比较。本文对XY 配对行为进行了讨论, 同时按性染色体配对特征划分了SC 在粗线期的不同发展阶段。     

中国现代灵长类的分布、现状与保护

本文对中国现生灵长类类群分布和现状作了较全面的总结;对现存的种群数量进行了初步估价;并就保护和存在的问题与展望提出了概括性评述。所得结果系据作者自1975年以来的实际考察和国内外有关文献记载。     

达乌尔黄鼠显带染色体的研究

达乌尔黄鼠分布在我国北方及蒙古和苏联等区域,对牧草及农田危害甚大。有关达乌尔黄鼠的核型国内外已有报道(Lyapunova等,1970;蔡有余等,1985;马继霞等,1985)。签于其染色体的一些特征,达乌尔黄鼠有可能成为染色体工程及检测环境诱变剂等方面的实验材料。虽然苏联Lyapunova等(1978,1980)对黄鼠属某些种的G-带和C-带进行过比较研究,我国蔡有余等(1985)对达乌尔黄鼠的C-带和Ag-NOR进行了观察,但无法对其染色体进行逐个地准确识别,特别是对Χ染体色的正确识别。为此,我们对达乌尔黄鼠的显带染色体进行了较详细的研究。     

Energy Transfer from Cyanobacterial Phycobilisomes to Spinach Photosystem Ⅱ Particles

The phycobilisomes (PBS) from the thermophilic cyanobacterium Myxosarcina concinna Printz and the PS Ⅱ particles from Spinacia oleracea Mill. were isolated. Their spectral characteristics were defined and the light energy transfer from PBS to PS Ⅱ was studied. As the ion intensity (KH2PO4) of the buffer system increased from 0.1 mol/L to 0.5 mol/L, the efficiency of the energy transfer also increased. The PS Ⅱ particles had a higher water splitting activity. When excited with light at 558 nm, there was a significant rise of the activity of O2 evolution which further indicated that the excitation energy harvested by PBS could transfer to the PS Ⅱ particle from spinach.     

On the Evolution of the Palynoflora and Climatic Environment During Late Pleistocence in Tengger Desert,China

Palynoflora studies on the Duantouliang section, located at 39º40'N, 103º55'E in Northwestern Tengger Desert, China showed that, based on the spore-pollen assemblages, the major vegetation and climatic environment between 42 000 to 23 000 a BP could be divided into the following different periods: Ⅰ. From 42 000 to 38 000 a BP, the spore-pollen assemblages displayed that the mixed conifer/deciduous broad-leaved forests developed on the mountain and its foothill regions where the bare Gobi-desert are at present; At that time, Populus and Salix forests and grassland surrounded the Paleaolake, the climate condition was much warmer and humid than today; Ⅱ. From 38 000 to 37 000 a BP, the climate was warm and moist, it was the most suitable period for the plant growth, the studied area was dominated by the temperate and warm-temperate mixed broad-leaf deciduous and needleleaf forest, there was meadow spreaded on the river sides and lake beaches; Ⅲ. From 31 000 to 30000 a BP, the needleleaf forests and cold-temperate Salix oritrepha shrubs were flourishing, and the climate at that time was relatively cold;Ⅳ. From 30000 to 28000 a BP, the temperatures began increasing, the high lake levels was formed during this time, and the vegetations were meadows and swamps; V. From 28 000 to 23 000 a BP, temperate Cupressaceae and Betula mixed conifer/deciduous forests grew on mountain and foothill region, grassland developed on plain areas, Salix was on lake and river sides. This indicates a warm and moist climate condition but it was drier than the earliest period.     

生物群落多样性的测度方法VI：与多样性测度中有关的统计问题

物种多样性测度是(群落的)总体参数,它们常常是未知的,需要通过抽样将它们估计出来,因此,必须了解估计量的抽样性质。本文对与一些多样性测度的均值、方差的估计和假设检验以及大、小样本分布等有关的问题作了综述。可以看出大多数多样性测度的抽样性质还不清楚,有些甚至根本就没有研究过。Pielou的合并样方法和刀切法是两个比较通用的方法,用它们可以解决其中的一些问题。但相比之下,刀切法更实用。     

赤霉素与果树的生长发育

本文分析讨论了分子结构不同的赤霉素在生理作用上的差异,以及不同种类赤霉素对果树不同生长发育阶段的影响,介绍了与果树生长发育相关的赤霉素类型,并指出了今后在研究应用上须解决的问题。