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101.
Background
Laribacter hongkongensis is associated with community-acquired gastroenteritis and traveler's diarrhea. In this study, we performed an in-depth annotation of the genes in its genome related to the various steps in the infective process, drug resistance and mobile genetic elements.Results
For acid and bile resistance, L. hongkongensis possessed a urease gene cassette, two arc gene clusters and bile salt efflux systems. For intestinal colonization, it possessed a putative adhesin of the autotransporter family homologous to those of diffusely adherent Escherichia coli (E. coli) and enterotoxigenic E. coli. To evade from host defense, it possessed superoxide dismutase and catalases. For lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis, it possessed the same set of genes that encode enzymes for synthesizing lipid A, two Kdo units and heptose units as E. coli, but different genes for its symmetrical acylation pattern, and nine genes for polysaccharide side chains biosynthesis. It contained a number of CDSs that encode putative cell surface acting (RTX toxin and hemolysins) and intracellular cytotoxins (patatin-like proteins) and enzymes for invasion (outer membrane phospholipase A). It contained a broad variety of antibiotic resistance-related genes, including genes related to β-lactam (n = 10) and multidrug efflux (n = 54). It also contained eight prophages, 17 other phage-related CDSs and 26 CDSs for transposases.Conclusions
The L. hongkongensis genome possessed genes for acid and bile resistance, intestinal mucosa colonization, evasion of host defense and cytotoxicity and invasion. A broad variety of antibiotic resistance or multidrug resistance genes, a high number of prophages, other phage-related CDSs and CDSs for transposases, were also identified. 相似文献102.
HANDE GURER-ORHAN HILMI ORHAN SIBEL SUZEN M. ORHAN PÜSKÜLLÜ ERDEM BUYUKBINGOL 《Journal of enzyme inhibition and medicinal chemistry》2013,28(2):241-247
New, except 1d, melatonin analogue benzimidazole derivatives were synthesized and characterized in the present study. The potential role of melatonin as an antioxidant by scavenging and detoxifying ROS raised the possibility that compounds that are analogous to melatonin can also be used for their antioxidant properties. Therefore the antioxidant effects of the newly synthesized compounds were investigated in vitro by means of their inhibitory effect on hydrogen peroxide-induced erythrocyte membrane lipid peroxidation (EMLP) and on various erythrocyte antioxidant enzymes viz. superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD). The synthesized benzimidazole derivatives showed remarkable antioxidant activity in vitro in the H2O2-induced EMLP system. Furthermore their effects on various antioxidant enzymes are discussed and evaluated from the perspective of structure- activity relationships. 相似文献
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The Pecten, considered from an Environmental Point of View. 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
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In 1950, Raphael Patai published his research on Venta Prieta, a Mexican town in which some residents lived as Jews despite having little knowledge of Judaism. Like other visitors, Patai was perplexed. Why did they wish to live as Jews? While Patai never answered this question to his satisfaction, he believed the answer would be found by developing a psychological profile of the residents, an approach in keeping with culture and personality theorists of the day. The present article provides a different solution. Drawing on additional sources, and short visits, we argue that Venta Prieta was not only a stop on the Jewish tourist circuit by 1950 but also developed out of a unique exchange. While U.S. Jews, as evangelical Protestants before them, provided a model for upwardly mobile Mexicans, Venta Prieta enabled middle-class tourists to experience Judaism in a pastoral setting and to "repair the world" (tikkun). [Keywords: Judaism, tourism, dialogical anthropology, social change, social mobility] 相似文献
109.
LAURIE A. HALL PER J. PALSBØLL STEVEN R. BEISSINGER JAMES T. HARVEY MARTINE BÉRUBÉ MARTIN G. RAPHAEL S. KIM NELSON RICHARD T. GOLIGHTLY LAURA MCFARLANE‐TRANQUILLA SCOTT H. NEWMAN M. ZACHARIAH PEERY 《Molecular ecology》2009,18(24):5074-5085
Genetic assignment methods provide an appealing approach for characterizing dispersal patterns on ecological time scales, but require sufficient genetic differentiation to accurately identify migrants and a large enough sample size of migrants to, for example, compare dispersal between sexes or age classes. We demonstrate that assignment methods can be rigorously used to characterize dispersal patterns in a marbled murrelet (Brachyramphus marmoratus) population from central California that numbers approximately 600 individuals and is only moderately differentiated (FST~ 0.03) from larger populations to the north. We used coalescent simulations to select a significance level that resulted in a low and approximately equal expected number of type I and II errors and then used this significance level to identify a population of origin for 589 individuals genotyped at 13 microsatellite loci. The proportion of migrants in central California was greatest during winter when 83% of individuals were classified as migrants compared to lower proportions during the breeding (6%) and post‐breeding (8%) seasons. Dispersal was also biased toward young and female individuals, as is typical in birds. Migrants were rarely members of parent‐offspring pairs, suggesting that they contributed few young to the central California population. A greater number of migrants than expected under equilibrium conditions, a lack of individuals with mixed ancestry, and a small number of potential source populations (two), likely allowed us to use assignment methods to rigorously characterize dispersal patterns for a population that was larger and less differentiated than typically thought required for the identification of migrants. 相似文献
110.
Charles D Criscione Claudia LL Valentim Hirohisa Hirai Philip T LoVerde Timothy JC Anderson 《Genome biology》2009,10(6):R71-13