双孢蘑菇对高温胁迫的响应及耐热机理

本研究以双孢蘑菇Agaricus bisporus工厂化菌株A15和筛选得到的耐高温菌株A15-TH为研究对象,比较了高温胁迫对两个菌株菌丝生长的影响,并从氧化损伤修复及基础碳代谢-糖酵解途径两个角度探索双孢蘑菇对高温胁迫的响应及耐热机理.高温胁迫下,对照菌株A15的菌丝生长速度降低,菌丝分叉增加;而耐高温菌株A15-...     

The Ras GTPase-activating-like protein IQGAP1 is downregulated in human diabetic nephropathy and associated with ERK1/2 pathway activation

Podocyte injury may contribute to the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy (DN), but the underlying mechanism of hyperglycemia induced podocyte damage is not fully understood. The Ras GTPase-activating-like protein IQGAP1 is associated to the slit diaphragm proteins and the actin cytoskeleton in podocyte. Here, we studied IQGAP1 expression alterations in human DN biopsies and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)-dependent pathways of IQGAP1 expression in podocyte under high glucose (HG) media. In vivo, analysis of renal biopsies from patients with DN revealed a significant reduction in IQGAP1 expression compared to controls. In vitro, IQGAP1 mRNA and protein expression were observed to decline under HG media at 48 h. But phosphorylation of ERK1/2 was activated under HG media at 24 h and 48 h. However, HG-induced downregulation of IQGAP1 protein was attenuated by specific ERK1/2 activation inhibitor PD98059. Taken together, these results highlight the importance of IQGAP1 in DN, and suggest that IQGAP1 expression in podocyte under HG media is modulated by the ERK1/2 pathway, which may lead to the future development of therapies targeting IQGAP1 dysfunction in podocytes in DN.     

植物MYB蛋白与其靶定DNA结合位点之间的相互作用

MYB转录因子是植物转录因子中最大的家族之一,在植物生长发育和对环境胁迫的应激反应中发挥重要作用。MYB蛋白通过识别和结合特定的DNA序列调控靶基因的表达,进而发挥其多样性的作用。近几十年来,MYB蛋白与其靶定DNA结合位点之间的相互作用研究取得了很大的进展。主要综述了植物MYB蛋白与DNA的结合特性及其DNA结合位点的序列特异性,并对检测蛋白质与DNA之间相互作用的新兴技术做了简要阐述。     

农业景观中非农景观要素结构特征对植物物种多样性的影响——以封丘县为例

农业景观中的非农生境对维持与提高农业景观的生物多样性具有非常关键的作用。为了探究非农生境的相关结构属性对农业景观中植物物种多样性的影响,选择黄河下游平原区的封丘县为研究区域,对研究区内42个样点的非农生境进行植物多样性调查,并对各个样点周围1 km范围内的非农景观要素进行了提取,分析不同非农生境中植物物种组成及其景观要素的构成、结构及空间配置对植物物种多样性的影响。研究结果表明:不同类型的非农生境中,物种组成共有种相对较多,特有种或指示种较少;林地与树篱具有相对较高的物种多样性,以沟渠为生境的植物物种组成与其它两种生境类型相比存在明显差异;林地与树篱/沟渠的组成比例相当时,植物物种丰富度最高;景观指数对不同非农生境中的植物物种具有明显影响,景观破碎化及人为干扰指数的影响较为显著。未来在对本区域内农业景观进行结构优化的过程中,应从非农景观要素的改造入手。通过调整和设置非农景观要素的不同类型及比例、合理改造其结构与空间配置,为最终实现农业景观的有效管理与可持续健康发展奠定重要的研究基础。     

苜蓿银纹夜蛾多核衣壳核型多角体病毒AcMNPV P78/83蛋白初步研究

AcMNPV ORF9编码病毒核衣壳蛋白P78/83,该蛋白在宿主细胞内以磷酸化和去磷酸化两种形式存在,能够与细胞骨架成分肌动蛋白相互作用,序列分析表明其具有与WASP蛋白类似的结构,推测可能在病毒粒子的包装、运输等过程中起重要作用.本文利用Bac-to-Bac系统构建了P78/83与绿色荧光蛋白融合表达的重组AcMNPV,激光共聚焦显微镜观察表明,重组病毒感染Sf21细胞12h后绿色荧光主要集中分布于细胞质中,24h及以后绿色荧光主要集中分布于细胞核中.感染试验表明,超表达P78/83对病毒的生长无明显的影响.     

细菌对喹诺酮类抗菌药的分子耐药机制

喹诺酮类是目前临床上应用较多的抗菌药。然而,喹诺酮类耐药菌时有出现。就细菌对喹诺酮类抗菌药主要耐药机制从分子水平作一综述。(1)一般认为,喹诺酮类抗菌药通过结合细菌Ⅱ类拓扑异构酶,干扰细菌复制,而发挥抑菌作用。Ⅱ类拓扑异构酶变异时,细菌可逃脱喹诺酮类的抑菌作用。高水平的耐药由DNA回旋酶和拓扑异构酶Ⅳ同时发生变异造成。(2)细菌细胞壁是抗菌药进入的屏障。细胞壁组分脂多糖和孔蛋白的改变,可减少喹诺酮类的通透。(3)有些细菌可利用“外排泵”主动将喹诺酮类排出,降低喹诺酮类在菌体内的积累浓度。(4)细菌的其他一些代谢因素也可影响喹诺酮类的抑菌作用。     

大豆低聚糖对肠道菌群结构调节的研究

目的 :对山松牌大豆低聚糖对肠道菌群调节的效果进行研究。方法 :通过动物实验和人体试验。结果 :山松牌大豆低聚糖能增殖体内乳杆菌和双歧杆菌数量 ;在较高剂量时 ,能使体内的肠球菌和肠杆菌增殖。采用B/E值 (即双歧杆菌和肠杆菌的比值 )作为指标进行分析发现 ,该制品在低剂量时能更好地优化肠道菌群结构。结论 :大豆低聚糖对肠道菌有较好的调节效果     

卵泡刺激素受体FSHR234纳米抗体的分离纯化及多克隆抗体的制备

【背景】卵泡刺激素受体(Follicle-stimulating hormone receptor,FSHR)在人体成熟破骨细胞及单核细胞表面表达,成为阻断卵泡刺激素(FSH)作用的潜在靶点,制备亲和力较高的FSHR抗体已成为靶向治疗FSH相关疾病的切入点。【目的】构建FSHR重组载体获得表达量较高的可溶性蛋白,进一步制备骆驼多克隆抗体及其纳米抗体。【方法】利用XhoⅠ和Bam HⅠ双酶切重组质粒p ET30a-FSHR234,将目的基因fshr构建于p GEX-4T-1载体并进行原核表达,利用Western blot及ELISA检测目的蛋白的配体结合能力。免疫新疆双峰驼制备骆驼多克隆抗体,并利用噬菌体展示技术筛选获得FSHR纳米抗体。细胞免疫化学法检测FSHR抗体在coav-3的表达情况。【结果】构建了pGEX-4T-1-FSHR234重组质粒,获得了表达量较高的FSHR234可溶性蛋白;并构建了5株FSHR纳米抗体,鉴定出一株结合能力较强的纳米抗体,命名为VHH-3F9。【结论】制备的骆驼FSHR多克隆抗体效价达1:128 000,筛选获得的VHH-3F9纳米抗体能与FSHR234具有较高的结合性,且两者均能表达于coav-3细胞表面。     

Putative phosphorylation sites on WCA domain of HA2 is essential for <Emphasis Type="Italic">Helicoverpa armigera</Emphasis> single nucleopolyhedrovirus replication

Protein phosphorylation is one of the most common post-translational modification processes that play an essential role in regulating protein functionality.The Helicoverpa armigera single nucleopolyhedrovirus (HearNPv) orf2-encoded nucleocapsid protein HA2 participates in orchestration of virus-induced actin polymerization through its WCA domain,in which phosphorylation status are supposed to be critical in respect to actin polymerization.In the present study,two putative phosphorylation sites (232Thr and 250Ser) and a highly conserved Serine (245Ser) on the WCA domain of HA2 were mutated,and their phenotypes were characterized by reintroducing the mutated HA2 into the HearNPV genome.Viral infectivity assays demonstrated that only the recombinant HearNPV bearing HA2 mutation at 245Ser can produce infectious virions,both 232Tbr and 250Ser mutations were lethal to the virus.However,actin polymerization assay demonstrated that all the three viruses bearing HA2 mutations were still capable of initiating actin polymerization in the host nucleus,which indicated the putative phosphorylation sites on HA2 may contribute to HearNPV replication through another unidentified pathway.