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31.
Gillian D Alton David L Pearl Ken G Bateman W Bruce McNab Olaf Berke 《BMC veterinary research》2010,6(1):42
Background
Ontario provincial abattoirs have the potential to be important sources of syndromic surveillance data for emerging diseases of concern to animal health, public health and food safety. The objectives of this study were to: (1) describe provincially inspected abattoirs processing cattle in Ontario in terms of the number of abattoirs, the number of weeks abattoirs process cattle, geographical distribution, types of whole carcass condemnations reported, and the distance animals are shipped for slaughter; and (2) identify various seasonal, secular, disease and non-disease factors that might bias the results of quantitative methods, such as cluster detection methods, used for food animal syndromic surveillance. 相似文献32.
Eva Kucerova Sandra W. Clifton Xiao-Qin Xia Fred Long Steffen Porwollik Lucinda Fulton Catrina Fronick Patrick Minx Kim Kyung Wesley Warren Robert Fulton Dongyan Feng Aye Wollam Neha Shah Veena Bhonagiri William E. Nash Kymberlie Hallsworth-Pepin Richard K. Wilson Michael McClelland Stephen J. Forsythe 《PloS one》2010,5(3)
Background
The genus Cronobacter (formerly called Enterobacter sakazakii) is composed of five species; C. sakazakii, C. malonaticus, C. turicensis, C. muytjensii, and C. dublinensis. The genus includes opportunistic human pathogens, and the first three species have been associated with neonatal infections. The most severe diseases are caused in neonates and include fatal necrotizing enterocolitis and meningitis. The genetic basis of the diversity within the genus is unknown, and few virulence traits have been identified.Methodology/Principal Findings
We report here the first sequence of a member of this genus, C. sakazakii strain BAA-894. The genome of Cronobacter sakazakii strain BAA-894 comprises a 4.4 Mb chromosome (57% GC content) and two plasmids; 31 kb (51% GC) and 131 kb (56% GC). The genome was used to construct a 387,000 probe oligonucleotide tiling DNA microarray covering the whole genome. Comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) was undertaken on five other C. sakazakii strains, and representatives of the four other Cronobacter species. Among 4,382 annotated genes inspected in this study, about 55% of genes were common to all C. sakazakii strains and 43% were common to all Cronobacter strains, with 10–17% absence of genes.Conclusions/Significance
CGH highlighted 15 clusters of genes in C. sakazakii BAA-894 that were divergent or absent in more than half of the tested strains; six of these are of probable prophage origin. Putative virulence factors were identified in these prophage and in other variable regions. A number of genes unique to Cronobacter species associated with neonatal infections (C. sakazakii, C. malonaticus and C. turicensis) were identified. These included a copper and silver resistance system known to be linked to invasion of the blood-brain barrier by neonatal meningitic strains of Escherichia coli. In addition, genes encoding for multidrug efflux pumps and adhesins were identified that were unique to C. sakazakii strains from outbreaks in neonatal intensive care units. 相似文献33.
D. Crowther C. J. T. Bateman C. P. Vartan J. M. A. Whitehouse J. S. Malpas G. Hamilton Fairley Ronald Bodley Scott 《BMJ (Clinical research ed.)》1970,4(5734):513-517
Cytosine arabinoside and daunorubicin used in an intensive intermittent regimen have been shown to be an effective combination for the induction of complete remissions in 14 out of 23 adult patients with acute myelogenous leukaemia. This gives an overall complete remission rate of 60%. A further patient had a good partial remission. The addition of L-asparaginase to the regimen has not increased the incidence of remission and there were more side effects in the L-asparaginasetreated group. Of the 10 patients treated with L-asparaginase in addition to cytosine arabinoside and daunorubicin, five achieved a complete remission. Of the 13 patients treated with cytosine arabinoside and daunorubicin without L-asparaginase, nine achieved a complete remission and one a good partial remission. 相似文献
34.
Philip W. Bateman Duncan N. MacFadyen 《Ethology : formerly Zeitschrift fur Tierpsychologie》1999,105(11):949-957
There are several hypotheses as to the function of postcopulatory mate guarding. Control over the mate-guarding period by either sex could potentially influence relative reproductive success. Mate-guarding behaviour in Gryllodes sigillatus was studied under several conditions: 1. undisturbed pairs; 2. pairs with a single male intruder; 3. pairs exposed acoustically, visually and olfactorily to several other males; 4. pairs exposed freely to several other males; and 5. pairs exposed freely to several other females. The results provide support for the spermatophore retention and rival defence hypotheses. The efficacy of mate guarding was not compromised by the pair being in acoustic, visual and olfactory contact with several other males. Once pairs were exposed to free contact with several other males, the spermatophore retention time by the female declined significantly, indicating that the mate guarder's efficiency declines under competition from several rivals. In pairs exposed to contact with several females after mating, the mate-guarding period and spermatophore retention time declined as the mate guarder abandoned the mated female and pursued the other females. Termination of the effective mate-guarding period by either sex seems to be influenced by the number of other potential partners present. 相似文献
35.
M A Spence L L Field M L Marazita J Joseph M Sparkes M Crist B F Crandall C E Anderson J B Bateman J I Rotter 《Human heredity》1984,34(6):343-347
Linkage analysis of 146 informative families for MN and Ss resulted in an estimate of the recombination frequency greater than previously reported. Our total is 7 recombinant children out of 467 individuals, including 1 confirmed recombinant (retested and HLA-compatible) and 6 not verified. The 95% confidence interval of our estimate of recombination is 0.0033-0.0167. Our results are compared with two earlier studies. 相似文献
36.
The InterPro database, an integrated documentation resource for protein families, domains and functional sites 总被引:38,自引:1,他引:38
Apweiler R Attwood TK Bairoch A Bateman A Birney E Biswas M Bucher P Cerutti L Corpet F Croning MD Durbin R Falquet L Fleischmann W Gouzy J Hermjakob H Hulo N Jonassen I Kahn D Kanapin A Karavidopoulou Y Lopez R Marx B Mulder NJ Oinn TM Pagni M Servant F Sigrist CJ Zdobnov EM 《Nucleic acids research》2001,29(1):37-40
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Northern tamarisk beetle (Diorhabda carinulata) and tamarisk (Tamarix spp.) interactions in the Colorado River basin 下载免费PDF全文
Pamela L. Nagler Uyen Nguyen Heather L. Bateman Christopher J. Jarchow Edward P. Glenn William J. Waugh Charles van Riper III 《Restoration Ecology》2018,26(2):348-359
Northern tamarisk beetles (Diorhabda carinulata) were released in the Upper Colorado River Basin in the United States in 2004–2007 to defoliate introduced tamarisk shrubs (Tamarix spp.) in the region's riparian zones. The primary purpose was to control the invasive shrub and reduce evapotranspiration (ET) by tamarisk in an attempt to increase stream flows. We evaluated beetle–tamarisk interactions with MODIS and Landsat imagery on 13 river systems, with vegetation indices used as indicators of the extent of defoliation and ET. Beetles are widespread and exhibit a pattern of colonize–defoliate–emigrate, so that riparian zones contain a mosaic of completely defoliated, partially defoliated, and refoliated tamarisk stands. Based on satellite data and ET algorithms, mean ET before beetle release (2000–2006) was 416 mm/year compared to postrelease (2007–2015) ET of 355 mm/year (p < 0.05) for a net reduction of 61 mm/year. This is lower than initial literature projections that ET would be reduced by 300–460 mm/year. Reasons for the lower‐than‐expected ET reductions are because baseline ET rates are lower than initially projected, and percentage ET reduction is low because tamarisk stands tend to regrow new leaves after defoliation and other plants help maintain canopy cover. Overall reductions in tamarisk green foliage during the study are 21%. However, ET in the Upper Basin has shown a steady decline since 2007 and equilibrium has not yet been reached. Defoliation is now proceeding from the Upper Basin into the Lower Basin at a rate of 40 km/year, much faster than initially projected. 相似文献