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Volatile Constituents of the Aerial Parts of Pulicaria sicula (L.) Moris Growing Wild in Sicily: Chemotaxonomic Volatile Markers of the Genus Pulicaria Gaertn. 下载免费PDF全文
Antonella Maggio Luana Riccobono Vivienne Spadaro Patrizia Campisi Maurizio Bruno Felice Senatore 《化学与生物多样性》2015,12(5):781-799
The chemical composition of the essential oil isolated from the aerial parts of Pulicaria sicula (L.) Moris was characterized by GC‐FID and GC/MS analyses. The oil was particularly rich in oxygenated terpenoids. Among the oxygenated monoterpenes (content of 44.5%), the most abundant were borneol (23.7%), bornyl acetate (6.5%), and isothymol isobutyrate (6.2%). Caryophyllene oxide (10.2%), caryophylladienol I (4.3%), and caryophylla‐3,8(13)‐dien‐5β‐ol (4.4%) were identified as the main constituents among the oxygenated sesquiterpenes. Furthermore, a complete literature review on the composition of the essential oils of all the Pulicaria taxa studied so far was performed and a principal component analysis (PCA) was carried out. 相似文献
103.
Pontual EV Napoleão TH Dias de Assis CR de Souza Bezerra R Xavier HS Navarro DM Coelho LC Paiva PM 《Archives of insect biochemistry and physiology》2012,79(3):135-152
Aedes aegypti control is crucial to reducing dengue fever. Aedes aegypti larvae have developed resistance to organophosporous insecticides and the use of natural larvicides may help manage larval resistance by increasing elements in insecticide rotation programs. Here, we report on larvicidal activity of Moringa oleifera flower extract against A. aegypti L(1), L(2), L(3), and L(4) as well as the effect of flower extract on gut trypsin and whole-larval acetylcholinesterase from L(4.) In addition, the heated flower extract was investigated for larvicidal activity against L(4) and effect on larval gut trypsin. Moringa oleifera flower extract contains a proteinaceous trypsin inhibitor (M. oleifera flower trypsin inhibitor, MoFTI), triterpene (β-amyrin), sterol (β-sitosterol) as well as flavonoids (kaempferol and quercetin). Larvicidal activity was detected against L(2), L(3), and L(4) (LC(50) of 1.72%, 1.67%, and 0.92%, respectively). Flower extract inhibited L(4) gut trypsin (MoFTI K(i) = 0.6 nM) and did not affect acetylcholinesterase activity. In vivo assay showed that gut trypsin activity from L(4) treated with M. oleifera flower extract decreased over time (0-1,440 min) and was strongly inhibited (98.6%) after 310 min incubation; acetylcholinesterase activity was not affected. Thermal treatment resulted in a loss of trypsin inhibitor and larvicidal activities, supporting the hypothesis that flower extract contains a proteinaceous trypsin inhibitor that may be responsible for the deleterious effects on larval mortality. 相似文献
104.
Anna Maria Di Giacomo Riccardo Danielli Massimo Guidoboni Luana Calabrò Dora Carlucci Clelia Miracco Luca Volterrani Maria Antonietta Mazzei Maurizio Biagioli Maresa Altomonte Michele Maio 《Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII》2009,58(8):1297-1306
The management of unresectable metastatic melanoma is a major clinical challenge because of the lack of reliably effective
systemic therapies. Blocking cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 (CTLA-4) has recently been proposed as a strategy
to enhance cell-mediated immune responses to cancer, and clinical trials have demonstrated that anti-CTLA-4 therapy can produce
durable outcomes with different response patterns than cytotoxic chemotherapy. We enrolled eight out of 155 patients with
advanced melanoma in a multicentre phase II trial that evaluated the activity and tolerability of ipilimumab, a fully human,
anti-CTLA-4 monoclonal antibody (; NCT00289627; CA184-008). Here we report our experience with three of these patients, who experienced progressive disease
after a variety of previous therapies, including prior immunotherapies, and who achieved good outcomes with ipilimumab. One
patient had a partial response ongoing at 17+ months on ipilimumab despite failure with four prior therapies, and the other
two patients showed durable stable disease, both still ongoing at 17+ and 20+ months, respectively. The patient achieving
a partial response experienced no side effects while receiving ipilimumab. The other two patients developed immune-related
adverse events (irAEs) including rash (one case; grade 2) and diarrhoea (both cases; grades 1 and 2, respectively); the histopathology
of colon biopsy samples from both was suggestive of colitis, with an abundant CD8+ T-cell infiltrate. Nausea, vomiting and
acute pancreatitis were also observed in one patient. In addition, immunohistochemical findings of a dense CD8+, TIA1+ and
granzyme B+ lymphoid infiltrate within a biopsied lesion provide indirect evidence of functional T-cell activation induced
by treatment. These case reports highlight the potential for anti-CTLA-4-based therapy in previously treated patients with
advanced melanoma. Moreover, because the patterns of response to ipilimumab differ from chemotherapy, we need to understand
how and when patients may respond to treatment so that appropriate clinical decisions can be made. 相似文献
105.
Valeria Costantino Ernesto Fattorusso Alfonso Mangoni Cristina Perinu Giuseppe Cirino Luana De Gruttola Fiorentina Roviezzo 《Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry》2009,17(21):7542-7547
Tedanol, a new brominated and sulfated pimarane diterpene was isolated from the Caribbean sponge Tedania ignis. Structure of tedanol was elucidated by mass spectroscopy and extensive NMR studies (including spectral simulation), and its absolute configuration was determined using the Mosher method. Tedanol showed a potent anti-inflammatory activity at 1 mg/kg evaluated in vivo in a mouse model of inflammation. After a single intraperitoneal administration, tedanol significantly reduced both the acute and the subchronic phases of carrageenan-induced inflammation. The anti-inflammatory activity was coupled with a strong inhibition of COX-2 expression, inhibition of cellular infiltration measured as mieloperoxidase (MPO) levels, and inhibition of iNOS expression. These features make tedanol a promising template for the development of new anti-inflammatory molecules with low gastrointestinal toxicity. 相似文献
106.
Linda Styer Caldas Luana de Lima Machado Sarah Christina Caldas Marcelo Lattarulo Campos Juliana Araújo Caldas Richard Persons Pharis Adaucto Bellarmino Pereira-Netto 《Trees - Structure and Function》2009,23(6):1229-1235
Shoot elongation of Hancornia speciosa, an endangered tree from the Brazilian savannah “Cerrado”, is very slow, thus limiting nursery production of plants. Gibberellins
(GAs) A1, A3, and A5, and two inhibitors of GA biosynthesis, trinexapac-ethyl and ancymidol were applied to shoots of Hancornia seedlings. GA1 and GA3 significantly stimulated shoot elongation, while GA5 had no significant effect. Trinexapac-ethyl and ancymidol, both at 100 μg per seedling, inhibited shoot elongation up to
45 days after treatment, though the effect was statistically significant only for ancymidol. Somewhat surprisingly, exogenous
GA3 more effectively stimulated shoot elongation in SD-grown plants, than in LD-grown plants. The results from exogenous application
of GAs and inhibitors of GA biosynthesis imply that Hancornia shoot growth is controlled by GAs, and that level of endogenous growth-active GAs is likely to be the limiting factor for
shoot elongation in Hancornia. Application of GAs thus offer a practical method for nursery production of Hancornia seedlings for outplanting into the field. 相似文献
107.
Isabella Parolini Cristina Federici Carla Raggi Luana Lugini Simonetta Palleschi Angelo De Milito Carolina Coscia Elisabetta Iessi Mariantonia Logozzi Agnese Molinari Marisa Colone Massimo Tatti Massimo Sargiacomo Stefano Fais 《The Journal of biological chemistry》2009,284(49):34211-34222
Exosomes secreted by normal and cancer cells carry and deliver a variety of molecules. To date, mechanisms referring to tumor exosome trafficking, including release and cell-cell transmission, have not been described. To gain insight into this, exosomes purified from metastatic melanoma cell medium were labeled with a lipid fluorescent probe, R18, and analyzed by spectrofluorometry and confocal microscopy. A low pH condition is a hallmark of tumor malignancy, potentially influencing exosome release and uptake by cancer cells. Using different pH conditions as a modifier of exosome traffic, we showed (i) an increased exosome release and uptake at low pH when compared with a buffered condition and (ii) exosome uptake by melanoma cells occurred by fusion. Membrane biophysical analysis, such as fluidity and lipid composition, indicated a high rigidity and sphingomyelin/ganglioside GM3 (N-acetylneuraminylgalactosylglucosylceramide) content in exosomes released at low pH. This was likely responsible for the increased fusion efficiency. Consistent with these results, pretreatment with proton pump inhibitors led to an inhibition of exosome uptake by melanoma cells. Fusion efficiency of tumor exosomes resulted in being higher in cells of metastatic origin than in those derived from primary tumors or normal cells. Furthermore, we found that caveolin-1, a protein involved in melanoma progression, is highly delivered through exosomes released in an acidic condition. The results of our study provide the evidence that exosomes may be used as a delivery system for paracrine diffusion of tumor malignancy, in turn supporting the importance of both exosomes and tumor pH as key targets for future anti-cancer strategies. 相似文献
108.
Ryan K. C. Yuen Luana Avila Maria S. Pe?aherrera Peter von Dadelszen Louis Lefebvre Michael S. Kobor Wendy P. Robinson 《PloS one》2009,4(10)
Interindividual variation in DNA-methylation level is widespread in the human genome, despite its critical role in regulating gene expression. The nature of this variation, including its tissue-specific nature, and the role it may play in human phenotypic variation and disease is still poorly characterized. The placenta plays a critical role in regulating fetal growth and development in ways that have lifelong effects on health. To identify genes with a high degree of interindividual DNA methylation variation in the human placenta, we surveyed the human genome using the Illumina GoldenGate Methylation Cancer panel targeting 1505 CpG sites of 807 genes. While many sites show a continuous pattern of methylation levels, WNT2, TUSC3 and EPHB4 were identified to have a polymorphic “on-or-off” pattern of DNA methylation variation at their promoter region which was confirmed by pyrosequencing. Methylation of these genes can be found in 7%–25% of over 100 placentas tested. The methylation state at the promoter of these genes is concordant with mRNA allelic expression. In three informative cases TUSC3 was observed to be methylated on the maternal allele, and it is thus possible this represents a polymorphically imprinted gene. Furthermore, TUSC3 promoter methylation showed evidence for association with preeclampsia. A biological significance of these methylation allelic polymorphisms (MAPs) to human placental diversity is further implied by their placental specificity and absence in mouse. An extended study of blood suggests that MAPs may also be found in other tissues, implicating their utility for tissue-specific association with complex disorders. The identification of such “epipolymorphism” in other tissues and their use in association studies, should improve our understanding of interindividual phenotypic variability and complex disease susceptibility. 相似文献
109.
Luana Pereira Antunes Dourado Daniela Longo Gargiulo Cláudia Caldeira Brant Raphaela Mendes Fernandes de Souza Danielle da Glória de Souza 《Cellular immunology》2010,262(1):62-68
To ascertain the role of IL-4 in aversion to antigen induced by food allergy, wild type and IL-4 deficient BALB/c mice were sensitized with ovalbumin and challenged orally with egg white. Sensitized wild type mice had increased production of IL-4 by spleen and mesenteric lymph node cells in vitro, higher levels of serum anti-ovalbumin IgE and IgG1, aversion to ingestion of the antigen and loss of body weight after continuous oral challenge. Intestinal changes in wild type sensitized mice included eosinophil infiltration and increased mucus production. The IL-4 deficiency impaired the development of food allergy and the aversion to antigen, suggesting the involvement of the antigen specific antibodies. When IL-4 deficient mice received serum from sensitized wild type donors, the aversion was restored. These results indicate that production of IL-4 and specific IgE/IgG1 antibodies correlate with aversion to antigen induced by food allergy in mice. 相似文献
110.
Samanta Oliveira Loureiro Luana Heimfarth Bruna Arcce Lacerda Luiza Fedatto Vidal Angela Soska Natália Gomes dos Santos Angela Terezinha de Souza Wyse Regina Pessoa-Pureur 《Cellular and molecular neurobiology》2010,30(4):557-568
In this study, we investigated the actions of high homocysteine (Hcy) levels (100 and 500 μM) on the cytoskeleton of C6 glioma
cells. Results showed that the predominant cytoskeletal response was massive formation of actin-containing filopodia at the
cell surface that could be related with Cdc42 activation and increased vinculin immunocontent. In cells treated with 100 μM
Hcy, folic acid, trolox, and ascorbic acid, totally prevented filopodia formation, while filopodia induced by 500 μM Hcy were
prevented by ascorbic acid and attenuated by folic acid and trolox. Moreover, competitive NMDA ionotropic antagonist DL-AP5
totally prevented the formation of filopodia in both 100 and 500 μM Hcy treated cells, while the metabotropic non-selective
group I/II antagonist MCPG prevented the effect of 100 μM Hcy but only slightly attenuated the effect induced by of 500 μM
Hcy on actin cytoskeleton. The competitive non-NMDA ionotropic antagonist CNQX was not able to prevent the effects of Hcy
on the reorganization of actin cytoskeleton in the two concentrations used. Also, Hcy-induced hypophosphorylation of vimentin
and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and this effect was prevented by DL-AP5, MCPG, and CNQX. In conclusion, our results
show that Hcy target the cytoskeleton of C6 cells probably by excitoxicity and/or oxidative stress mechanisms. Therefore,
we could propose that the dynamic restructuring of the actin cytoskeleton of glial cells might contribute to the response
to the injury provoked by elevated Hcy levels in brain. 相似文献