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71.
72.
Cangahuala-Inocente GC Da Silva MF Johnson JM Manga A van Tuinen D Henry C Lovato PE Dumas-Gaudot E 《Mycorrhiza》2011,21(6):473-493
Although plant biotisation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) is a promising strategy for improving plant health, a better
knowledge regarding the molecular mechanisms involved is required. In this context, we sought to analyse the root proteome
of grapevine rootstock Selection Oppenheim 4 (SO4) upon colonisation with two AMF. As expected, AMF colonisation stimulates plant biomass. At the proteome level, changes in protein amounts due to AMF colonisation
resulted in 39 differentially accumulated two-dimensional electrophoresis spots in AMF roots relative to control. Out of them,
25 were co-identified in SO4 roots upon colonisation by Glomus irregulare and Glomus mosseae supporting the existence of conserved plant responses to AM symbiosis in a woody perennial species. Among the 18 proteins
whose amount was reduced in AMF-colonised roots were proteins involved in glycolysis, protein synthesis and fate, defence
and cell rescue, ethylene biosynthesis and purine and pyrimidine salvage degradation. The six co-identified proteins whose
amount was increased had functions in energy production, signalling, protein synthesis and fate including proteases. Altogether
these data confirmed that a part of the accommodation program of AMF previously characterized in annual plants is maintained
within roots of the SO4 rootstock cuttings. Nonetheless, particular responses also occurred involving proteins of carbon metabolism,
development and root architecture, defence and cell rescue, anthocyanin biosynthesis and P remobilization, previously reported
as induced upon P-starvation. This suggests the occurrence of P reprioritization upon AMF colonization in a woody perennial
plant species with agronomical interest. 相似文献
73.
Milli A Cecconi D Bortesi L Persi A Rinalducci S Zamboni A Zoccatelli G Lovato A Zolla L Polverari A 《Journal of Proteomics》2012,75(4):1284-1302
We analyzed the proteome of grapevine (Vitis vinifera) leaves 24, 48 and 96 h post infection (hpi) with the downy mildew pathogen Plasmopara viticola. Total proteins were separated on 2-DE gels. By MS analysis, we identified 82 unique grapevine proteins differentially expressed after infection. Upregulated proteins were often included in the functional categories of general metabolism and stress response, while proteins related to photosynthesis and energy production were mostly downregulated. As expected, the activation of a defense reaction was observed more often at the late time point, consistent with the establishment of a compatible interaction. Most proteins involved in resistance were isoforms of different PR-10 pathogenesis-related proteins. Although > 50 differentially expressed protein isoforms were observed at 24 and 96 hpi, only 18 were detected at 48 hpi and no defense-related proteins were among this group. This profile suggests a transient breakdown in defense responses accompanying the onset of disease, further supported by gene expression analyses and by a western blot analysis of a PR-10 protein. Our data reveal the complex modulation of plant metabolism and defense responses during compatible interactions, and provide insight into the underlying molecular processes which may eventually yield novel strategies for pathogen control in the field. 相似文献
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75.
Marcos Leandro dos Santos Cláudio Roberto Fonsêca Sousa Soares Jucinei José Comin Paulo Emílio Lovato 《International journal of phytoremediation》2017,19(12):1100-1108
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) on pacara earpod tree (Enterolobium contorstisiliquum) growth and phytoprotection in soil containing coal-mining waste. A greenhouse experiment was carried out with three inoculation treatment groups (non-inoculated, inoculated with Rhizophagus clarus, and inoculated with Acaulospora colombiana) in two substrates (0 or 30% tailings). After 90 days the seedlings were collected to quantify growth parameters, quality, mycorrhizal root colonization rate, and leaf content of chlorophylls and carotenoids. Macronutrients were quantified in the shoots; Cu, Zn, and Mn levels were measured in the shoots and roots; and glomalin content was measured in the rhizosphere. Colonization by A. colombiana (40%) promoted phytoprotection and better growth in seedlings planted in partial tailing substrate, due to the lower Cu (1.04 mg kg?1) and Zn (13.4 mg kg?1) levels in shoot dry mass and reduced translocation of these elements to the shoots. A. colombiana increased soil glomalin concentrations (2.98 mg kg?1) and the accumulation of nutrients necessary for synthesizing chlorophylls and carotenoids in the leaves. Colonization by R. clarus (81%) produced no phytoprotective effects. 相似文献
76.
Sleep and Biological Rhythms - Circadian rhythms strongly influence when we are sleepy and when we are alert. If the timing of these rhythms is later than normal, it can contribute to sleep onset... 相似文献
77.
Winter SS Lovato DM Khawaja HM Edwards BS Steele ID Young SM Oprea TI Sklar LA Larson RS 《Journal of biomolecular screening》2008,13(3):185-193
The overexpression of P-glycoprotein, encoded by the ATP Binding Cassette B1 (ABCB1) gene, contributes to multidrug resistance (MDR) and is considered one of the major obstacles to successful cancer chemotherapy. The authors previously developed a T-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) cell line that overexpresses ABCB1 and exhibits MDR to daunorubicin (DNR), prednisolone, and vincristine. Using this cell line and the fluorescent probe JC-1, they developed a flow cytometry-based, high-throughput screening (HTS) assay that quantifies ABCB1 efflux. They screened a library of 880 off-patent drugs for their ability to inhibit ABCB1 efflux and then measured the ability of 11 lead compounds to reverse in vitro DNR-mediated drug resistance and the toxic doses for each agent. Seven of the 11 drugs were able to reverse drug resistance at a concentration significantly below its toxic dose. Of the remaining 7, only 1 compound, mometasone furoate, has not been previously described as an ABCB1 antagonist to DNR-mediated drug resistance. On the basis of its high ABC modulator activity and relatively large in vitro therapeutic window, this drug warrants further investigation. In addition, the approach used in this study is useful for identifying off-patent drugs that may be repurposed for novel clinical indications. 相似文献
78.
TT Chowdhury S Arghandawi J Brand OO Akanji DL Bader DM Salter DA Lee 《Arthritis research & therapy》2008,10(2):R35
Background
Nitric oxide and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2play pivotal roles in both the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis and catabolic processes in articular cartilage. These mediators are influenced by both IL-1β and mechanical loading, and involve alterations in the inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclo-oxygenase (COX)-2 enzymes. To identify the specific interactions that are activated by both types of stimuli, we examined the effects of dynamic compression on levels of expression of iNOS and COX-2 and involvement of the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway. 相似文献79.
Plathymenia reticulata is a tropical tree native to the Brazilian Cerrado, one of the most important and endangered ecosystems in Brazil. This species presents high-quality wood and potential for recovery of degraded areas. Despite its importance, almost nothing is known about its genetic or ecological features. Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers were used to investigate the genetic diversity and structure of six natural populations of P. reticulata. DNAs from 117 adult individuals were amplified with 10 random primers and Shannon's index and amova were used to evaluate the levels of genetic diversity within and among populations. Through 72 markers, 70.8% of which were polymorphic, it was possible to obtain 117 unique RAPD phenotypes. The levels of genetic variability found in the six populations of P. reticulata were considerable and most of the genetic variation was found between individuals within populations, although pairwise PH(ST) values indicated significant divergence between populations. The among-population component accounted for, respectively, 12.3% and 16% of the genetic variation, according to amova and Shannon's index. These results were compared with other genetic studies on plant species and such a level of differentiation among populations corresponds to that which has usually been observed for outcrossing plants. The importance of maintenance of the P. reticulata populations and implications of the analysis of adult individuals, considering the longevity of this species and the relatively recent Cerrado fragmentation, are discussed. 相似文献
80.