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Elena Turola Salvatore Petta Ester Vanni Fabiola Milosa Luca Valenti Rosina Critelli Luca Miele Livia Maccio Vincenza Calvaruso Anna L. Fracanzani Marcello Bianchini Nazarena Raos Elisabetta Bugianesi Serena Mercorella Marisa Di Giovanni Antonio Craxì Silvia Fargion Antonio Grieco Calogero Cammà Franco Cotelli Erica Villa 《Disease models & mechanisms》2015,8(9):1037-1046
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Blanda Di Luccia Raffaella Crescenzo Arianna Mazzoli Luisa Cigliano Paola Venditti Jean-Claude Walser Alex Widmer Loredana Baccigalupi Ezio Ricca Susanna Iossa 《PloS one》2015,10(8)
A fructose-rich diet can induce metabolic syndrome, a combination of health disorders that increases the risk of diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Diet is also known to alter the microbial composition of the gut, although it is not clear whether such alteration contributes to the development of metabolic syndrome. The aim of this work was to assess the possible link between the gut microbiota and the development of diet-induced metabolic syndrome in a rat model of obesity. Rats were fed either a standard or high-fructose diet. Groups of fructose-fed rats were treated with either antibiotics or faecal samples from control rats by oral gavage. Body composition, plasma metabolic parameters and markers of tissue oxidative stress were measured in all groups. A 16S DNA-sequencing approach was used to evaluate the bacterial composition of the gut of animals under different diets. The fructose-rich diet induced markers of metabolic syndrome, inflammation and oxidative stress, that were all significantly reduced when the animals were treated with antibiotic or faecal samples. The number of members of two bacterial genera, Coprococcus and Ruminococcus, was increased by the fructose-rich diet and reduced by both antibiotic and faecal treatments, pointing to a correlation between their abundance and the development of the metabolic syndrome. Our data indicate that in rats fed a fructose-rich diet the development of metabolic syndrome is directly correlated with variations of the gut content of specific bacterial taxa. 相似文献
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Prospero Di Pierro Loredana Mariniello Angela Sorrentino Reynaldo Villalonga Belkis Chico Raffaele Porta 《Amino acids》2010,38(2):669-675
Putrescine (1,4-diaminobutane) was covalently linked to alginate and low-methoxyl pectin to synthesize new aminated polysaccharides.
Both putrescine–pectin and –alginate conjugates, although the latter at higher concentrations, were found to be able to act
as effective acyl acceptor transglutaminase substrates in vitro using both dimethylated casein and soy flour proteins as acyl
donors. Monodansylcadaverine, a well known acyl acceptor transglutaminase substrate, dose-dependently counteracted the covalent
binding of the aminated polysaccharides to the proteins. Putrescine–pectin conjugate was also tested to prepare, in combination
with soy flour proteins, edible films in the presence of purified microbial transglutaminase. Characterization of the enzymatically
crosslinked films showed a significant decreased water vapor permeability, with respect to the ones obtained with non-aminated
pectin in the presence of transglutaminase, as well as improved mechanical properties, such as high extensibility. Possible
biotechnological applications of hydrocolloid films containing putrescine–polysaccharide derivatives enzymatically crosslinked
to proteins were suggested. 相似文献
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Massimo Scandura Laura Iacolina Marco Apollonio Francesco Dessì-Fulgheri Mariella Baratti 《European Journal of Wildlife Research》2010,56(1):33-42
Four Alectoris species inhabit the Mediterranean area, where they represent important gamebirds subject to human manipulations. The Sardinian
partridge is peculiar in Europe, in that it belongs to the African species Alectoris barbara. Nevertheless, no comprehensive study has as yet investigated its genetic status as regards both the extant levels of genetic
diversity and the possible contamination due to introgressive hybridization with other Mediterranean species. For the purposes
of this study, we analyzed 65 samples of Sardinian partridges, 40 of which came from the wild population and 25 from captive
stocks. No one of them showed a mtDNA polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism haplotype assigned
to another species than A. barbara, thus, ruling out a possible introgression in the maternal line. In addition, we compared these samples with 94 partridges
from other circum-Mediterranean populations using a set of eight chicken (Gallus gallus) microsatellites. A low level of genetic variation was observed in the Sardinian population (H
E = 0.310; k
AR = 2.69), comparable only to that observed in the Sicilian rock partridge (A. graeca). The comparison with the Tunisian population showed that its present genetic composition is consistent with a historical
introduction from North Africa, showing possible effects of a post-introductional genetic drift. Bayesian tests assigned all
but one individuals with >90% probability to A. barbara, thus, providing evidence that no or only a few exotic Alectoris genes have introgressed into Sardinian partridges. 相似文献
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Lucia Peluso Cristiana de Luca Silvia Bozza Antonio Leonardi Gloria Giovannini Alfonso Lavorgna Gaetano De Rosa Massimo Mascolo Loredana Ortega De Luna Maria Rosaria Catania Luigina Romani Fabio Rossano 《BMC microbiology》2010,10(1):1-11