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31.
Marcela F. Lopes Vânia Lúcia C. Merquior JoséMauro Peralta Lúcia M. Teixeira 《FEMS immunology and medical microbiology》1995,12(3-4):205-211
Abstract Exosubstances (cohemolysins) produced by Streptococcus agalactiae (CAMP-factor) and Streptococcus uberis (Uberis-factor) showing hemolytic synergism with β-lysin produced by Staphylococcus aureus were compared. Cohemolytic activity was evaluated in the supernatants of bacterial cultures, before and after ammonium sulfate precipitation. Sheep erythrocytes sensitized with β-lysin were used as substrate. The assays were performed in microtiter plates and results were expressed as cohemolytic units/ml. Maximum cohemolytic activity was detected, respectively, after 8 h and 14 h of growth in Columbia broth in S. uberis and S. agalactiae cultures. Cohemolytic activities of both microorganisms showed similarities when submitted to various physical and chemical treatments. They were significantly decreased by heating at 60°C and 100°C, or in presence of trypsin, and were abolished in the presence of Tween 20. Activities were found to be stable in crude supernatants and concentrated preparations maintained at −20°C for 3 months. Differences were related to levels of activity and kinetics of detection during the growth cycle. The results indicate the proteic nature, at least in part, of the Uberis factor. Analysis by PAGE in the presence or absence of SDS allowed us to correlate Uberis activity with a protein band with apparent molecular mass of 42 kDa, while CAMP activity was associated with a protein band of 27 kDa. 相似文献
32.
A. van Rotterdam F. H. Lopes da Silva J. van den Ende M. A. Viergever A. J. Hermans 《Bulletin of mathematical biology》1982,44(2):283-305
A linear spatially distributed model of a chain of neurons and interneurons was investigated in relation to the generation
of propagated alpha rhythmic activity. It was assumed that the elements of the chain were interconnected by means of recurrent
collaterals and inhibitory fibres in such a way that the connectivity functions were assumed to be homogeneous and their strength
was an exponentially decreasing function of distance. It was found that such a neuronal chain shows propagation properties
for frequencies in the alpha band. The results obtained with the model are in agreement with the phase velocities encountered
experimentally. In this way, it was possible to estimate the length of the neural fibres responsible for the phenomenon of
propagated activity. The estimates obtained are in good agreement with recent quantitative neuroanatomical data on the circuitry
of the neocortex. 相似文献
33.
34.
O U Lopes J F Palmer 《Quarterly journal of experimental physiology and cognate medical sciences》1977,62(1):41-53
Electrical stimulation of the "Defence Area" of the hypothalamus in anaesthetized cats was accomplished by stereotaxic placement of bipolar stainless steel electrodes; the spinal cord was sectioned at L4. The muscle blood flow in one hind limb was recorded with an electromagnetic flowmeter. Increases of between 100% and 300% were observed during hypothalamic stimulation. Electroneurographic recordings from small nerve filaments supplying tibialis anterior muscle revealed two populations of neurones whose activity was abolished by lumbar sympathectomy. It appears that the increased blood flow in skeletal muscle during stimulation of the hypothalamic "Defence Area" is brought about by a simultaneous inhibition of vasoconstrictor activity and increase in cholinergic vasodilator discharge. 相似文献
35.
36.
Marcia R. Brochetto-Braga Suely Lopes Gomes JoséCarlos Da Costa Maia 《Archives of biochemistry and biophysics》1982,217(1):295-304
Using a combination of Chromatographic and sucrose density gradient techniques under carefully controlled conditions of pH and protease inhibitors, we demonstrate that there is only one form of adenosine 3′,5′-monophosphate-dependent protein kinase in the cytosol fraction of the Blastocladiella emersonii zoospore. If any of these conditions are omitted during extract preparation, one obtains what are apparently multiple forms of the enzyme, which are in reality artifacts due to extensive endogenous proteolytic activity. This endogenous protease is stimulated by alkaline pH and inhibited by antipain. The zoospore protein kinase is similar to type II protein kinase from mammalian cells in several aspects including Chromatographic behavior on DEAE-cellulose column, conditions for subunit dissociation and reassociation, as well as the molecular weight value of the regulatory subunit. 相似文献
37.
Maintenance of high cell viability was the main characteristic of our new strains of thermotolerant Saccharomyces. Total sugar conversion to ethanol was observed for sugarcane juice fermentation at 38-40 degrees C in less than 10 h and without continuous aeration of the culture. Invertase activity differed among the selected strains and increased during fermentation but was not dependent on cell viability. Invertase activity of the cells and optimum temperature for growth, as well as velocity of ethanol formation, were dependent on medium composition and the type of strain used. At high sugarcane syrup concentrations, the best temperature for ethanol formation by strain 781 was 35 degrees C. Distinct differences among the velocities of ethanol production using selected strains were also observed in sugarcane syrup at 35-38 degrees C. 相似文献
38.
F. M. J. Heemskerk L. H. Schrama W. E. J. M. Ghijsen P. N. E. De Graan F. H. Lopes da Silva W. H. Gispen 《Journal of neurochemistry》1991,56(6):1827-1835
Abstract: Recently we have shown that 4-aminopyridine (4-AP), a drug known to enhance transmitter release, stimulates the phosphorylation of the protein kinase C substrate B-50 (GAP-43) in rat brain synaptosomes and that this effect is dependent on the presence of extracellular Ca2+ . Hence, we were interested in the relationship between changes induced by 4-AP in the intracellular free Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+ ]i ) and B-50 phosphorylation in synaptosomes. 4-AP (100 μ M ) elevates the [Ca2+ ]i (as determined with fura-2) to approximately the same extent as depolarization with 30 m M K+ (from an initial resting level of 240 n M to ∼480 n M after treatment). However, the underlying mechanisms appear to be different: In the presence of 4-AP, depolarization with K+ still evoked an increase in [Ca2+ ]i , which was additive to the elevation caused by 4-AP. Several Ca2+ channel antagonists (CdCl2 , LaCl3 , and diphenylhydantoin) inhibited the increase in B-50 phosphorylation by 4-AP. It is interesting that the increase in [Ca2+ ]i and the increase in B-50 phosphorylation by 4-AP were attenuated by tetrodotoxin, a finding pointing to a possible involvement of Na+ channels in this action. These results suggest that 4-AP (indirectly) stimulates both Ca2+ influx and B-50 phosphorylation through voltage-dependent channels by a mechanism dependent on Na+ channel activity. 相似文献
39.
Wim E. J. M. Ghijsen Elly Besselsen Vincent Geukers Willem Kamphuis Fernando H. Lopes da Silva 《Journal of neurochemistry》1992,59(2):482-486
The effect of long-term potentiation (LTP) on endogenous amino acid release from rat hippocampus slices was studied. LTP was induced in vivo by application of a tetanus (200 Hz, 200 ms) to the Schaffer collateral fibers in unanesthetized rats. Endogenous release of glutamate and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) was investigated 60 min after tetanization in CA1 subslices of potentiated and control rats. No significant effects of LTP were observed in basal and K(+)-induced Ca(2+)-independent release components of these amino acids. In contrast, K(+)-induced Ca(2+)-dependent release of both glutamate and GABA increased approximately 100% in slices from potentiated rats. No differences were observed in total content of glutamate and GABA between the subslices from control and LTP animals. These results suggest a persistent increase in the recruitment of the presynaptic vesicular pool of glutamate and GABA during LTP. 相似文献
40.