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991.
水热增加下黑土细菌群落共生网络特征 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
黑土是有机质含量高且肥沃的土壤类型之一,气候变化会显著改变黑土中微生物群落的结构,同时影响群落间的潜在相互作用关系。[目的] 揭示水热增加对黑土中的细菌群落结构及潜在互作关系的影响。[方法] 基于土壤移置试验,采用16S rRNA高通量测序解析农田黑土(原位黑土、水热增加1和水热增加2)中的细菌群落结构对水热增加的响应;使用CoNet构建微生物群落共生网络,识别共生网络中的枢纽微生物;利用结构方程模型、相关性分析探究水热条件变化下土壤性质、微生物交互作用、多样性之间的直接、间接关系。[结果] 黑土中的微生物以疣微菌、变形杆菌、酸性杆菌和放线菌为主。水热增加下土壤微生物共生网络的拓扑性质发生显著变化,网络中表征微生物潜在竞争关系的负连线随着水热增加而显著增加。气候因素通过改变微生物潜在相互作用影响了群落水平分类多样性。物种竞争增强可能直接导致了土壤有机碳含量的降低。[结论] 水热增加会显著改变黑土中微生物之间的潜在交互作用,枢纽微生物的响应更加敏感。 相似文献
992.
993.
Chris Hyunchul Jo Pil Whan Yoon Hyang Kim Kyung Sun Kang Kang Sup Yoon 《Cell and tissue research》2013,353(1):41-52
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can be obtained from various sources. MSCs from different origins appear to have different preferences for differentiation. In this study, we have compared the in vivo osteogenic potential of adult MSCs from adipose tissue (AT) and bone marrow (BM) with fetal MSCs from umbilical cord (UC) and umbilical cord blood (UCB) by using a rat critical-sized femoral defect model. We have also sought to determine whether pretreatment with an osteogenic medium promotes osteogenesis in MSCs. Study groups were divided as follows: (1) defect only, (2) scaffold only, (3) AT MSCs in scaffolds, (4) BM MSCs in scaffolds, (5) UC MSCs in scaffolds and (6) UCB MSCs in scaffolds. Groups with MSCs were further divided with respect to their pretreatment. At 12 weeks after surgery, in vivo osteogenesis was measured radiographically and by micro-computed tomography (CT). Based on quantitative assessment by micro-CT, no significant difference of the mean bone volume fraction value (BV/TV) was seen between adult MSCs (AT and BM MSCs) and fetal MSCs (UC and UCB MSCs). The mean BV/TVs were significantly higher in non-pretreated BM MSC (14.2±1.4%) and UCB MSC (14.0±1.2%) and pretreated UC MSC (14.8±2.0%) than in those with the scaffold only (11.3±1.3%; P<0.05). In addition, AT (from 10.4±1.2% to 13.1±2.2%) and UC (from 10.3±0.7% to 14.8±2.0%) MSCs from solid tissues showed a significant increase in the mean BV/TV with pretreatment (P<0.05). In contrast, BM MSC (from 14.2±1.4% to 10.9±1.2%) and UCB MSC (from 14.0±1.2% to 11.6±1.0%) from non-solid tissues showed a significant decrease with pretreatment (P<0.05). 相似文献
994.
995.
996.
John M. Edwards Jed Long Cornelia H. de Moor Jonas Emsley Mark S. Searle 《Nucleic acids research》2013,41(14):7153-7166
The CUG-BP, Elav-like family (CELF) of RNA-binding proteins control gene expression at a number of different levels by regulating pre-mRNA splicing, deadenylation and mRNA stability. We present structural insights into the binding selectivity of CELF member 1 (CELF1) for GU-rich mRNA target sequences of the general form 5′-UGUNxUGUNyUGU and identify a high affinity interaction (Kd ∼ 100 nM for x = 2 and y = 4) with simultaneous binding of all three RNA recognition motifs within a single 15-nt binding element. RNA substrates spin-labelled at either the 3′ or 5′ terminus result in differential nuclear magnetic resonance paramagnetic relaxation enhancement effects, which are consistent with a non-sequential 2-1-3 arrangement of the three RNA recognition motifs on UGU sites in a 5′ to 3′ orientation along the RNA target. We further demonstrate that CELF1 binds to dispersed single-stranded UGU sites at the base of an RNA hairpin providing a structural rationale for recognition of CUG expansion repeats and splice site junctions in the regulation of alternative splicing. 相似文献
997.
Amelie Croset Fabrice P. Cordelières Nathalie Berthault Cyril Buhler Jian-Sheng Sun Maria Quanz Marie Dutreix 《Nucleic acids research》2013,41(15):7344-7355
One of the major early steps of repair is the recruitment of repair proteins at the damage site, and this is coordinated by a cascade of modifications controlled by phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-related kinases and/or poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP). We used short interfering DNA molecules mimicking double-strand breaks (called Dbait) or single-strand breaks (called Pbait) to promote DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK) and PARP activation. Dbait bound and induced both PARP and DNA-PK activities, whereas Pbait acts only on PARP. Therefore, comparative study of the two molecules allows analysis of the respective roles of the two signaling pathways: both recruit proteins involved in single-strand break repair (PARP, XRCC1 and PCNA) and prevent their recruitment at chromosomal damage. Dbait, but not Pbait, also inhibits recruitment of proteins involved in double-strand break repair (53BP1, NBS1, RAD51 and DNA-PK). By these ways, Pbait and Dbait disorganize DNA repair, thereby sensitizing cells to various treatments. Single-strand breaks repair inhibition depends on direct trapping of the main proteins on both molecules. Double-strand breaks repair inhibition may be indirect, resulting from the phosphorylation of double-strand breaks repair proteins and chromatin targets by activated DNA-PK. The DNA repair inhibition by both molecules is confirmed by their synthetic lethality with BRCA mutations. 相似文献
998.
Jonathan R. De Long Nigel D. Swarts Kingsley W. Dixon Louise M. Egerton-Warburton 《Annals of botany》2013,111(3):409-418
Background and Aims
Mycorrhizal specialization has been shown to limit recruitment capacity in orchids, but an increasing number of orchids are being documented as invasive or weed-like. The reasons for this proliferation were examined by investigating mycorrhizal fungi and edaphic correlates of Microtis media, an Australian terrestrial orchid that is an aggressive ecosystem and horticultural weed.Methods
Molecular identification of fungi cultivated from M. media pelotons, symbiotic in vitro M. media seed germination assays, ex situ fungal baiting of M. media and co-occurring orchid taxa (Caladenia arenicola, Pterostylis sanguinea and Diuris magnifica) and soil physical and chemical analyses were undertaken.Key Results
It was found that: (1) M. media associates with a broad taxonomic spectrum of mycobionts including Piriformospora indica, Sebacina vermifera, Tulasnella calospora and Ceratobasidium sp.; (2) germination efficacy of mycorrhizal isolates was greater for fungi isolated from plants in disturbed than in natural habitats; (3) a higher percentage of M. media seeds germinate than D. magnifica, P. sanguinea or C. arenicola seeds when incubated with soil from M. media roots; and (4) M. media–mycorrhizal fungal associations show an unusual breadth of habitat tolerance, especially for soil phosphorus (P) fertility.Conclusions
The findings in M. media support the idea that invasive terrestrial orchids may associate with a diversity of fungi that are widespread and common, enhance seed germination in the host plant but not co-occurring orchid species and tolerate a range of habitats. These traits may provide the weedy orchid with a competitive advantage over co-occurring orchid species. If so, invasive orchids are likely to become more broadly distributed and increasingly colonize novel habitats. 相似文献999.
1000.
Wenjing Song Huwei Sun Jiao Li Xianpo Gong Shuangjie Huang Xudong Zhu Yali Zhang Guohua Xu 《Annals of botany》2013,112(7):1383-1393