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21.
Robert W. Long 《American journal of botany》1966,53(9):917-927
Observations were made on the morphology, seed fertility, pollen viability and meiotic configurations of 22 different interspecific hybrids of 12 North American taxa representative of 3 sections of Ruellia. The hybrids were classified as (1) fully vigorous and fertile; (2) vigorous but with reduced fertility; (3) reduced vigor and fertility; (4) weak and sterile. Hybrids showed meiotic irregularities in microsporogenesis: univalents, chains, precocious separation of bivalents, nondisjunction, and micronuclei were commonly observed. Interspecific pollinations within sect. Dipteracanthus resulted in fertile or partially sterile F1 hybrids. Intersectional crosses produced partially or completely sterile hybrids or failed. Assuming that crossability is correlated with degree of evolutionary relationship, the parental species are interpreted in genecological terms to be grouped in polytypic ecospecies. Hybridization experiments doubtless would be of value in clarifying relationships in tropical and subtropical species of Ruellia. 相似文献
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23.
Susceptibility of insecticide-susceptible and wild house flies (Diptera: Muscidae) to abamectin on whitewashed and unpainted wood 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
C J Geden D C Steinkraus S J Long D A Rutz W L Shoop 《Journal of economic entomology》1990,83(5):1935-1939
Unpainted plywood panels treated with 0.1% abamectin (avermectin B1) provided greater than 90% control of house flies, Musca domestica L., susceptible to insecticides for 4 wk and greater than 70% control for 7 wk compared with 46-92% control observed with permethrin at the same time and rate of application. Efficacy of abamectin on whitewashed panels was similar to that observed on unpainted panels, whereas permethrin was ineffective on whitewashed panels at all rates tested (range, 0.001-0.1%) at all intervals after treatment. Bioassays of newly colonized house flies resistant to permethrin indicated that wild populations may be cross-resistant to abamectin. 相似文献
24.
Two clones have been isolated from a genomic library of the moss Physcomitrella patens and a cDNA library of the halotolerant green alga Dunaliella salina. The isolates contain genes coding for the major light-harvesting chlorophyll-a/b-binding protein (CAB) in the photosystem II (PSII) light-harvesting complex (LHCII). The 2544-bp insert of the moss genomic clone contains the complete CAB-coding region and 5' and 3' flanking sequences. The coding region contains an intron of 359 bp which is spanned by a pair of 9-bp perfect direct repeats. There are two CCAAT boxes and five enhancer-like elements related to (G)TGGTTTAAA(G) (Weiher et al., 1983) residing in the intron. Comparisons of the moss cab gene with sequences of light-inducible genes of higher plants reveal homologous and repeated sequences similar to the enhancer element in the 5' region upstream from the TATA and CCAAT boxes thought to be responsive to light inducibility. The 1256-bp algal cDNA contains the complete CAB-coding sequence, a 170-bp 5'-nontranslated region, and a 264-bp 3'-nontranslated region. While the overall homology in the nontranslated regions is low between the cab gene of the moss and that of the alga, the 3'-nontranslated regions of the two contain some sequences that are conserved among the cab genes in higher plants. The deduced amino acid sequences of these two clones are highly conserved except for the N-terminal region. Their hydropathic plots are very similar and both possess three hydrophobic segments that are likely alpha-helical transmembrane segments. The proposed CAB transit peptide sequence of the alga is divergent from that of the moss or higher plants, suggesting that they may have evolved from different origins. Southern blot analysis shows that the cab genes in the moss and the alga, as in higher plants, are encoded by a number of homologous genes constituting a multigene family. 相似文献
25.
What is the relationship between the endothelium derived relaxant factor and nitric oxide? 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Nitric oxide gas in solution (NO) relaxes blood vessels with similar actions and pharmacodynamics as the endothelium derived relaxant factor (EDRF) and has been proposed to be a component of the materials released from stimulated endothelial cells. Certain data however suggest that EDRF and NO may not be identical. In some non-vascular smooth muscles, NO and EDRF exhibit markedly different pharmacologic profiles. Furthermore the interaction of EDRF and NO with anion exchange resins differ. The hypothesis that EDRF is identical to nitric oxide gas in solution or a nitrogen oxide containing compound is discussed. 相似文献
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27.
Maria de Fatima Bonaldo Pierre Jelenc Long Su Lee Lawton M. -T. Wu Dorothy Warburton Marcelo Bento Soares 《Human genetics》1996,97(4):441-452
A study was conducted on the feasibility of isolating genes and pseudogenes that map to chromosome 13 by a hybridization-based approach using a 13-specific library and pools of repeat-free cDNA clones. Five pairs of cDNA and chromosome 13 genomic clones were identified and characterized. Partial or full-length sequence was derived from all cDNAs, and database searches were performed for putative gene identification. Partial sequence was also obtained from the chromosome 13 genomic clones for comparison with those of the hybridizing cDNAs. As a result of these analyses we identified three genes, a putative homologue of a porcine mRNA encoding an unidentified hepatic protein, a putative homologue of a yeast integral membrane protein, and a gene for a translationally controlled tumor protein, and two processed pseudogenes, ribosomal proteins L23a and S3a. The latter was formerly identified as the v-fos transformation effector gene, Fte-1, and recently cited as a possible candidate for the BRCA2 gene on chromosome 13. All genes and pseudogenes were localized to cytogenetic bands by in situ hybridization of metaphase chromosomes with probes derived from the chromosome 13 genomic clones. 相似文献
28.
The maximum quantum yields (a,c) for CO2 uptake in low-oxygen atmospheres were determined for 11 species of C3 vascular plants of diverse taxa, habitat and life form using an Ulbricht-sphere leaf chamber. Comparisons were also made between tissues of varied age within species. The species examined were Psilotum nudum (L.) P. Beauv., Davallia bullata Wall. ex Hook., Cycas revoluta Thunb., Araucaria heterophylla (Salisb.) Franco, Picea abies (L.) Karst., Nerium oleander L., Ruellia humilis Nutt., Pilea microphylla (L.) Karst., Beaucarnea stricta Lem., Oplismenus hirtellus (L.) P. Beauv. and Poa annua L. Quantum yields were calculated from the initial slopes of the response of CO2 uptake to the quantity of photons absorbed in conditions of diffuse lighting. Regression analysis of variance of the initial slopes of the response of CO2 uptake to photon absorption failed to show any statistically significant differences between age classes within species or between the mature photosynthetic organs of different species. The constancy of a,c was apparent despite marked variation in the light-saturated rates of CO2 uptake within and between species. The mean a,c was 0.093±0.003 for 11 species. By contrast, surface absorptance varied markedly between species from 0.90 to 0.60, producing proportional variation in the quantum yield calculated on an incidentlight basis. The ratio of variable to maximum fluorescence emission at 695 nm for the same tissues also failed to show any statistically significant variation between species, with a mean of 0.838±0.008. Mean values of a,c reported here for C3 species, in the absence of photorespiration, are higher than reported in previous surveys of vascular plants, but consistent with recent estimates of the quantum yields of O2 evolution.Abbreviations and Symbols A
rate of CO2 uptake per unit projected area (mol · m–2 · s–1)
- Fm
the maximum fluorescence emission at 695 nm in saturating excitation light when closure of PSII reaction centres is maximal (relative units)
- Fo
the ground fluorescence at 695 nm when all PSII reaction centres are assumed open (relative units)
- Fv
the difference between Fm and Fo
- JQ
rate of CO2 uptake by the sample (nmol · s–1)
- JQ
rate of photon absorption by the sample (nmol · s–1)
- Q
absorbed photon flux per unit of projected area (nmol · m–2 · s–1)
- 1
the light absorptance of photosynthetic organs (dimensionless)
- s1 and s'1
the total and projected surface areas of the photosynthetic organs examined (m2)
- a,c and i,c
the quantum yields for CO2 uptake on an absorbed- and incident-light basis, respectively (dimensionless)
- a,o
the quantum yield for O2 evolution on an absorbed-light basis (dimensionless)
This work was supported by grant PI7179-BIO, FWF, Austria to H.B-N. and by a British Council travel award to S.P.L. This work was completed under the auspices of U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-76CH00016. We also thank Dr. K.J. Parkinson of PP Systems, Hitchin, UK for the loan of a prototype of a commercial integrating-sphere leaf chamber developed from our design. 相似文献
29.
本文以临床体征,胸片和连续二次以上细菌培养阳性为诊断标准,报告革兰阴性杆菌肺炎23例,并就其临床表现,并发症及预后进行分析,提出8种情况应考虑革兰阴性杆菌肺炎,对临床诊断和治疗有指导意义. 相似文献
30.