Etude morphologique de la capsule prostatique humaine

The morphology of the prostatic capsule was studied in 4 cadavers. In each case, the prostate was obtained in one block with the basal portion of the bladder, the seminal vesicles, the anterior wall of the rectum and the periprostatic connective tissue. Part of the material was plastinated, while another part was studied by the current histological methods.The prostate is surrounded by a connective tissue with abundand smooth muscle fibrocells, continuous with the stromal septa which subdivide the glandular tissue. A rich presence of vascular spaces was identifiable. In some regions, and particularly in the postero-superior one, a real capsule was not identifiable.The connective tissue seemed to constitute a continuum medium between the prostatic gland and the neighbouring organs.Particularly, a connective barrier between the prostate and the seminal vesicle was completely absent. This observations is consistently relevant, since the extracapsular spreading of prostatic tumours and the diffusion to the seminal vesicles is considered as a basis prognostic factor; on the contrary, due to the absence of a capsular barrier, a prostatic tumour which onsets in the posterior region should be considered as precociously extra-capsular.     

Hypoderma actaeon: an emerging myiasis in roe deer (Capreolus capreolus)

Subcutaneous larvae of Hypoderma spp. (Diptera: Oestridae) were detected in the dorsal region in 10 roe deer, Capreolus capreolus (Artiodactyla: Cervidae), hunted in central Spain between January and March 2016. All larvae were found in the inner side of the hide during the skinning of the animals. The study of the morphological features of eight larvae of different stages collected from two animals allowed the identification of Hypoderma actaeon Brauer. The small size (4–5 mm) of some of the first instars suggests that the internal lifecycle of H. actaeon may be exclusively subcutaneous. This is the first confirmation of H. actaeon in roe deer; however, further studies to assess the spread of the parasite and to follow the evolution of this myiasis in roe deer are needed.     

具size结构种群竞争系统的最优控制

研究基于size结构的种群模型的控制问题,利用特征线法给出了系统的形式解,由Banach不动点定理和Gronwall不等式推导了系统及其共轭系统的适定性,并依靠法锥相关知识证明了最优控制问题解的存在必要条件.