无创性颈动脉瞬时减速度波强测定评价左心室舒张功能的研究

目的：探讨无创检测心功能的指标—颈动脉瞬时减速度波强（W2）评价左心室舒张功能的价值。方法：测量40例高血压病患者和43例健康对照者的左、右侧颈总动脉W2,组织多普勒测定二尖瓣环运动速度和血清脑利钠肽前体（N-terminal probrain natriuretic peptide,NT-proBNP）,分析W2与各参数间的相关性。结果：①高血压组W2低于对照组,以左侧明显（1126±996vs1690±1126 mmHg.m/s3,P〈0.01）;②高血压组与对照组比较：E/Em（二尖瓣舒张早期峰值速度/二尖瓣环舒张早期纵向运动峰值速度）增大（9.37±3.32vs7.39±1.83,P〈0.01）,NT-proB-NP升高（94.6±48.5vs45.2±13.8,P〈0.01）;③相关性分析：W2与E/Em负相关（r=-0.46,P〈0.05）,与NT-proBNP负相关（r=-0.21,P〈0.05）。结论：无创性评价血流动力学的新技术指标W2是反映早期左室舒张功能受损的敏感指标。     

新型强脉冲光治疗雀斑临床疗效观察

目的:观察新型强脉冲光治疗雀斑的疗效。方法:采用飞顿辉煌激光360嫩肤系统(以色列飞顿公司),波长570～950nm,光斑面积10mm×30mm,脉宽10、12、15ms,能量14～19J/cm~2。治疗40例雀斑患者,每三周一次,共治疗5次,末次治疗后评价患者雀斑的疗效。结查:40例患者经过治疗后,18例(45%)基本完全消退,14例(35%)明显消退,8例(20%)好转,总有效率为100%。所有患者面部治疗区域皮肤质地较以前更光滑、细腻,无严重不良反应出现。结论:采用新型强脉冲光治疗雀斑疗效显著、安全,副作用少。     

贴壁培养细胞台盼蓝拒染试验的方法学探讨

本工作旨在探讨贴壁培养细胞台盼蓝拒染试验的方法,为其合理应用提出建议.用正常培养及NaN3作致死处理的人视网膜色素上皮细胞株-19,进行原位贴壁细胞和培养体系上悬液中细胞的台盼蓝拒染实验,并比较其原位法与计数板法所测活细胞率.与计数板法相似,随染液浓度增高或染色时间延长,原位台盼蓝拒染实验的活细胞率检测值逐渐增加.培养...     

Activation of volume regulated chloride channels protects myocardium from ischemia/reperfusion damage in second-window ischemic preconditioning

Activation of volume regulated chloride channels (VRCCs) has been shown to be cardioprotective in ischemic preconditioning (IPC) of isolated hearts but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Recent independent studies support that ClC-3, a ClC voltage-gated chloride channel, may function as a key component of the VRCCs. Thus, ClC-3 knockout (Clcn3(-/-)) mice and their age-matched heterozygous (Clcn3(+/-)) and wild-type (Clcn3(+/+)) littermates were used to test whether activation of VRCCs contributes to cardioprotection in early and/or second-window IPC. Targeted disruption of ClC-3 gene caused a decrease in the body weight but no changes in heart/body weight ratio. Telemetry ECG and echocardiography revealed no differences in ECG and cardiac function under resting conditions among all groups. Under treadmill stress (10 m/min for 10 min), the Clcn3(-/-) mice had significant slower heart rate (648±12 bpm) than Clcn3(+/+) littermates (737±19 bpm, n=6, P<0.05). Ex vivo IPC in the isolated working-heart preparations protected cardiac function during reperfusion and significantly decreased apoptosis and infarct size in all groups. In vivo early IPC significantly reduced infarct size in all groups including Clcn3(-/-) mice (22.7±3.7% vs control 40.1±4.3%, n=22, P=0.004). Second-window IPC significantly reduced apoptosis and infarction in Clcn3(+/+) (22.9±3.2% vs 45.7±5.4%, n=22, P<0.001) and Clcn3(+/-) mice (27.5±4.1% vs 42.2±5.7%, n=15, P<0.05) but not in Clcn3(-/-) littermates (39.8±4.9% vs 41.5±8.2%, n=13, P>0.05). Impaired cell volume regulation of the Clcn3(-/-) myocytes may contribute to the failure of cardioprotection by second-window IPC. These results strongly support that activation of VRCCs may play an important cardioprotective role in second-window IPC.     

Synthesis and evaluation of nanoglobular macrocyclic Mn(II) chelate conjugates as non-gadolinium(III) MRI contrast agents

Because of the recent observation of the toxic side effects of Gd(III) based MRI contrast agents in patients with impaired renal function, there is strong interest on developing alternative contrast agents for MRI. In this study, macrocyclic Mn(II) chelates were conjugated to nanoglobular carriers, lysine dendrimers with a silsesquioxane core, to synthesize non-Gd(III) based MRI contrast agents. A generation 3 nanoglobular conjugate of Mn(II)-1,4,7-triaazacyclononane-1,4,7-triacetate-GA amide (G3-NOTA-Mn) was also synthesized and evaluated. The per ion T(1) and T(2) relaxivities of G2, G3, G4 nanoglobular Mn(II)-DOTA monoamide conjugates decreased with increasing generation of the carriers. The T(1) relaxivities of G2, G3, and G4 nanoglobular Mn(II)-DOTA conjugates were 3.3, 2.8, and 2.4 mM(-1) s(-1) per Mn(II) chelate at 3 T, respectively. The T(1) relaxivity of G3-NOTA-Mn was 3.80 mM(-1) s(-1) per Mn(II) chelate at 3 T. The nanoglobular macrocyclic Mn(II) chelate conjugates showed good in vivo stability and were readily excreted via renal filtration. The conjugates resulted in much less nonspecific liver enhancement than MnCl(2) and were effective for contrast-enhanced tumor imaging in nude mice bearing MDA-MB-231 breast tumor xenografts at a dose of 0.03 mmol Mn/kg. The nanoglobular macrocyclic Mn(II) chelate conjugates are promising nongadolinium based MRI contrast agents.     

Immunohistochemical localization of mu opioid receptor in the marginal division with comparison to patches in the neostriatum of the rat brain

Background  

Mu opioid receptor (MOR), which plays key roles in analgesia and also has effects on learning and memory, was reported to distribute abundantly in the patches of the neostriatum. The marginal division (MrD) of the neostriatum, which located at the caudomedial border of the neostriatum, was found to stain for enkephalin and substance P immunoreactivities and this region was found to be involved in learning and memory in our previous study. However, whether MOR also exists in the MrD has not yet been determined.     

一个水稻矮秆突变体的遗传分析及基因定位

水稻（Oryza sativa）是我国重要的粮食作物之一。水稻矮秆材料的引入掀起了第1次＂绿色革命＂。但近年来,在水稻育种中矮生基因遗传单一的问题越来越突出,已经严重影响到水稻产量的持续提高。利用60Co-γ射线辐照籼稻亲本材料M804获得了一个性状能够稳定遗传的矮秆突变体MU101。对该矮秆突变体和台粳16号杂交获得的F2代的遗传分析表明,该矮秆性状受1对隐性单基因控制,并暂命名为ds1。利用已有的SSR分子标记将DS1基因定位在水稻第5号染色体上,通过扩大群体和开发新的Indel标记,进一步将DS1基因定位在2个Indel标记之间,两者间的物理距离大约为384kb。该研究为DS1基因的克隆及其在生产中的应用奠定了基础。     

A further insight into the biosorption mechanism of Au(III) by infrared spectrometry

Background

Fluorescent protein (FP)-based biosensors based on the principle of intramolecular Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) enable the visualization of a variety of biochemical events in living cells. The construction of these biosensors requires the genetic insertion of a judiciously chosen molecular recognition element between two distinct hues of FP. When the molecular recognition element interacts with the analyte of interest and undergoes a conformational change, the ratiometric emission of the construct is altered due to a change in the FRET efficiency. The sensitivity of such biosensors is proportional to the change in ratiometric emission, and so there is a pressing need for methods to maximize the ratiometric change of existing biosensor constructs in order to increase the breadth of their utility.

Results

To accelerate the development and optimization of improved FRET-based biosensors, we have developed a method for function-based high-throughput screening of biosensor variants in colonies of Escherichia coli. We have demonstrated this technology by undertaking the optimization of a biosensor for detection of methylation of lysine 27 of histone H3 (H3K27). This effort involved the construction and screening of 3 distinct libraries: a domain library that included several engineered binding domains isolated by phage-display; a lower-resolution linker library; and a higher-resolution linker library.

Conclusion

Application of this library screening methodology led to the identification of an optimized H3K27-trimethylation biosensor that exhibited an emission ratio change (66%) that was 2.3 × improved relative to that of the initially constructed biosensor (29%).     

Effects of rehabilitative interventions on pain, function and physical impairments in people with hand osteoarthritis: a systematic review

Introduction

Hand osteoarthritis (OA) is associated with pain, reduced grip strength, loss of range of motion and joint stiffness leading to impaired hand function and difficulty with daily activities. The effectiveness of different rehabilitation interventions on specific treatment goals has not yet been fully explored. The objective of this systematic review is to provide evidence based knowledge on the treatment effects of different rehabilitation interventions for specific treatment goals for hand OA.

Methods

A computerized literature search of Medline, the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), ISI Web of Science, the Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) and SCOPUS was performed. Studies that had an evidence level of 2b or higher and that compared a rehabilitation intervention with a control group and assessed at least one of the following outcome measures - pain, physical hand function or other measures of hand impairment - were included. The eligibility and methodological quality of trials were systematically assessed by two independent reviewers using the PEDro scale. Treatment effects were calculated using standardized mean difference and 95% confidence intervals.

Results

Ten studies, of which six were of higher quality (PEDro score >6), were included. The rehabilitation techniques reviewed included three studies on exercise, two studies each on laser and heat, and one study each on splints, massage and acupuncture. One higher quality trial showed a large positive effect of 12-month use of a night splint on hand pain, function, strength and range of motion. Exercise had no effect on hand pain or function although it may be able to improve hand strength. Low level laser therapy may be useful for improving range of motion. No rehabilitation interventions were found to improve stiffness.

Conclusions

There is emerging high quality evidence to support that rehabilitation interventions can offer significant benefits to individuals with hand OA. A summary of the higher quality evidence is provided to assist with clinical decision making based on current evidence. Further high-quality research is needed concerning the effects of rehabilitation interventions on specific treatment goals for hand OA.