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31.
Marcella Zollino Rosetta Lecce Marina Murdolo Daniela Orteschi Giuseppe Marangi Angelo Selicorni Alina Midro Giovanni Sorge Giuseppe Zampino Luigi Memo Domenica Battaglia Michael Petersen Effie Pandelia Yolanda Gyftodimou Francesca Faravelli Romano Tenconi Livia Garavelli Laura Mazzanti Rita Fischetto Pietro Cavalli Salvatore Savasta Laura Rodriguez Giovanni Neri 《Human genetics》2008,123(3):319-319
32.
Mariana I. D. S. Xisto Vera C. B. Bittencourt Livia Cristina Liporagi-Lopes Rosa M. T. Haido Morena S. A. Mendon?a Guilherme Sassaki Rodrigo T. Figueiredo Maria Teresa V. Romanos Eliana Barreto-Bergter 《PloS one》2015,10(4)
In this study, we analyze the importance of O-linked oligosaccharides present in peptidorhamnomannan (PRM) from the cell wall of the fungus Scedosporium prolificans for recognition and phagocytosis of conidia by macrophages. Adding PRM led to a dose-dependent inhibition of conidia phagocytosis, whereas de-O-glycosylated PRM did not show any effect. PRM induced the release of macrophage-derived antimicrobial compounds. However, O-linked oligosaccharides do not appear to be required for such induction. The effect of PRM on conidia-induced macrophage killing was examined using latex beads coated with PRM or de-O-glycosylated PRM. A decrease in macrophage viability similar to that caused by conidia was detected. However, macrophage killing was unaffected when beads coated with de-O-glycosylated PRM were used, indicating the toxic effect of O-linked oligosaccharides on macrophages. In addition, PRM triggered TNF-α release by macrophages. Chemical removal of O-linked oligosaccharides from PRM abolished cytokine induction, suggesting that the O-linked oligosaccharidic chains are important moieties involved in inflammatory responses through the induction of TNF-α secretion. In summary, we show that O-glycosylation plays a role in the recognition and uptake of S. prolificans by macrophages, killing of macrophages and production of pro- inflammatory cytokines. 相似文献
33.
Elena Turola Salvatore Petta Ester Vanni Fabiola Milosa Luca Valenti Rosina Critelli Luca Miele Livia Maccio Vincenza Calvaruso Anna L. Fracanzani Marcello Bianchini Nazarena Raos Elisabetta Bugianesi Serena Mercorella Marisa Di Giovanni Antonio Craxì Silvia Fargion Antonio Grieco Calogero Cammà Franco Cotelli Erica Villa 《Disease models & mechanisms》2015,8(9):1037-1046
34.
Ulrike Pichler Michael Hauser Martin Wolf Maria Livia Bernardi Gabriele Gadermaier Richard Weiss Christof Ebner Hidenori Yokoi Toshiro Takai Alain Didierlaurent Chiara Rafaiani Peter Briza Adriano Mari Heidrun Behrendt Michael Wallner Fátima Ferreira 《PloS one》2015,10(5)
BackgroundPollen released by allergenic members of the botanically unrelated families of Asteraceae and Cupressaceae represent potent elicitors of respiratory allergies in regions where these plants are present. As main allergen sources the Asteraceae species ragweed and mugwort, as well as the Cupressaceae species, cypress, mountain cedar, and Japanese cedar have been identified. The major allergens of all species belong to the pectate lyase enzyme family. Thus, we thought to investigate cross-reactivity pattern as well as sensitization capacities of pectate lyase pollen allergens in cohorts from distinct geographic regions.MethodsThe clinically relevant pectate lyase pollen allergens Amb a 1, Art v 6, Cup a 1, Jun a 1, and Cry j 1 were purified from aqueous pollen extracts, and patients´ sensitization pattern of cohorts from Austria, Canada, Italy, and Japan were determined by IgE ELISA and cross-inhibition experiments. Moreover, we performed microarray experiments and established a mouse model of sensitization.ResultsIn ELISA and ELISA inhibition experiments specific sensitization pattern were discovered for each geographic region, which reflected the natural allergen exposure of the patients. We found significant cross-reactivity within Asteraceae and Cupressaceae pectate lyase pollen allergens, which was however limited between the orders. Animal experiments showed that immunization with Asteraceae allergens mainly induced antibodies reactive within the order, the same was observed for the Cupressaceae allergens. Cross-reactivity between orders was minimal. Moreover, Amb a 1, Art v 6, and Cry j 1 showed in general higher immunogenicity.ConclusionWe could cluster pectate lyase allergens in four categories, Amb a 1, Art v 6, Cup a 1/Jun a 1, and Cry j 1, respectively, at which each category has the potential to sensitize predisposed individuals. The sensitization pattern of different cohorts correlated with pollen exposure, which should be considered for future allergy diagnosis and therapy. 相似文献
35.
A single dose of S‐ketamine induces long‐term antidepressant effects and decreases oxidative stress in adulthood rats following maternal deprivation 下载免费PDF全文
Gislaine Z. Réus Anelise S. Carlessi Stephanie E. Titus Helena M. Abelaira Zuleide M. Ignácio Jaine R. da Luz Beatriz I. Matias Livia Bruchchen Drielly Florentino Andriele Vieira Fabricia Petronilho João Quevedo 《Developmental neurobiology》2015,75(11):1268-1281
Ketamine, an antagonist of N‐methyl‐d ‐aspartate receptors, has produced rapid antidepressant effects in patients with depression, as well as in animal models. However, the extent and duration of the antidepressant effect over longer periods of time has not been considered. This study evaluated the effects of single dose of ketamine on behavior and oxidative stress, which is related to depression, in the brains of adult rats subjected to maternal deprivation. Deprived and nondeprived Wistar rats were divided into four groups nondeprived + saline; nondeprived + S‐ketamine (15 mg/kg); deprived + saline; deprived + S‐ketamine (15 mg/kg). A single dose of ketamine or saline was administrated during the adult phase, and 14 days later depressive‐like behavior was assessed. In addition, lipid damage, protein damage, and antioxidant enzyme activities were evaluated in the rat brain. Maternal deprivation induces a depressive‐like behavior, as verified by an increase in immobility and anhedonic behavior. However, a single dose of ketamine was able to reverse these alterations, showing long‐term antidepressant effects. The brains of maternally deprived rats had an increase in protein oxidative damage and lipid peroxidation, but administration of a single dose of ketamine reversed this damage. The activities of antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase and catalase were reduced in the deprived rat brains. However, ketamine was also able to reverse these changes. In conclusion, these findings indicate that a single dose of ketamine is able to induce long‐term antidepressant effects and protect against neural damage caused by oxidative stress in adulthood rats following maternal deprivation. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol 75: 1268–1281, 2015 相似文献
36.
Mercè Padró José A. Castillo Livia Gómez Jesús Joglar Pere Clapés Carme de Bolós 《Glycoconjugate journal》2010,27(2):277-285
Iminosugars are monosaccharide analogues that have been demonstrated to be specific inhibitors for glycosidases and are currently used therapeutically in several human disorders. N-alkylated derivatives of d-fagomine and (2R,3S,4R,5S)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-5-methylpyrrolidine-3,4-diol with aliphatic chains were tested in eight human cancer cell lines to analyze their cytotoxicity and the inhibitory effect in the activities of specific glycosidases. Results indicate that these compounds were more cytotoxic as the length of the alkyl chain increases. N-dodecyl-d-fagomine inhibited specifically the α-d-glucosidase activity in cell lysates, whereas no effect was detected in other glycosidases. The N-dodecyl derivative of (2R,3S,4R,5S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-5-methylpyrrolidine-3,4-diol induced specific inhibition against α-l-fucosidase in cell lysates. Our results indicated that the length of the alkyl chain linked to the iminosugars determine their cytotoxicity as well as the inhibitory effect on the enzymatic activities of specific glycosidases, in human cancer cell lines. 相似文献
37.
Aerobic metabolism requires a complex antioxidative system to balance reactive oxygen species (ROS). When in excess, ROS disrupt cellular activities and molecular structures. Owing to the variety of ROS, there are different antioxidative activities that require various tests for their detection. The so-called 'total antioxidative capacity' inhibition assay presented in this paper can be used to quantify the overall activity of low-molecular-weight antioxidants (AOs) in biological samples. The assay is based on enhanced horseradish peroxidase-catalyzed luminol chemiluminescence. It can be fine-tuned so that the biological samples meet the requirements of the light detector. A detailed protocol describing all relevant parameters is provided. The procedure is quick, inexpensive and reproducible. The assay can be used with diverse biological materials such as plant extracts and blood plasma. Hence, it is applicable to fields as diverse as crop breeding, medical diagnostics or food sciences. The time needed for the assay depends on the number of samples and their AO content. The protocol takes one working day to complete when five samples with five replicates are measured sequentially. 相似文献
38.
Livia Paleari Ermes Movedi Lloyd T. Wilson Roberto Confalonieri 《Global Change Biology》2017,23(11):4651-4662
Growing food crops to meet global demand and the search for more sustainable cropping systems are increasing the need for new cultivars in key production areas. This study presents the identification of rice traits putatively producing the largest yield benefits in five areas that markedly differ in terms of environmental conditions in the Philippines, India, China, Japan and Italy. The ecophysiological model WARM and sensitivity analysis techniques were used to evaluate phenotypic traits involved with light interception, photosynthetic efficiency, tolerance to abiotic stressors, resistance to fungal pathogens and grain quality. The analysis involved only model parameters that have a close relationship with phenotypic traits breeders are working on, to increase the in vivo feasibility of selected ideotypes. Current climate and future projections were considered, in the light of the resources required by breeding programs and of the role of weather variables in the identification of promising traits. Results suggest that breeding for traits involved with disease resistance, and tolerance to cold‐ and heat‐induced spikelet sterility could provide benefits similar to those obtained from the improvement of traits involved with canopy structure and photosynthetic efficiency. In contrast, potential benefits deriving from improved grain quality traits are restricted by weather variability and markedly affected by G × E interactions. For this reason, district‐specific ideotypes were identified using a new index accounting for both their productivity and feasibility. 相似文献
39.
The aim of this study was to investigate the health care available for the poor citizens of Split during the first half of the 19th century. Soon after being constructed in 1797, the Civic Hospital in Split founded by the Ergovac brothers for the needs of the poor was transformed into a military hospital. Consequently, caring for this social stratum was taken over by two inadequate shelters and later by a small civic hospital situated in the Split suburb of Dobri. The year of the application of Petar Ergovac to the supreme ruler for the transformation of the hospital building established by his family from a military to a civil institution was found, as well as the correct data regarding its return to initial idea in 1821. On the basis of the archival documents kept in the Archaeological Museum in Split and in the State Archives in Zadar, the work organization of the Civic Hospital in Split and the first stage of its change from a charitable to a public health hospital institution were presented. This study revealed the aspiration of the authorities in the first half of the 19th century to improve the health system of the city of Split. 相似文献
40.
Roslen Bondí Marco Messina Ida De Fino Alessandra Bragonzi Giordano Rampioni Livia Leoni 《PloS one》2014,9(11)
In Pseudomonas aeruginosa quorum sensing (QS) activates the production of virulence factors, playing a critical role in pathogenesis. Multiple negative regulators modulate the timing and the extent of the QS response either in the pre-quorum or post-quorum phases of growth. This regulation likely increases P. aeruginosa phenotypic plasticity and population fitness, facilitating colonization of challenging environments such as higher organisms. Accordingly, in addition to the factors required for QS signals synthesis and response, also QS regulators have been proposed as targets for anti-virulence therapies. However, while it is known that P. aeruginosa mutants impaired in QS are attenuated in their pathogenic potential, the effect of mutations causing a dysregulated timing and/or magnitude of the QS response has been poorly investigated so far in animal models of infection. In order to investigate the impact of QS dysregulation on P. aeruginosa pathogenesis in a murine model of lung infection, the QteE and RsaL proteins have been selected as representatives of negative regulators controlling P. aeruginosa QS in the pre- and post-quorum periods, respectively. Results showed that the qteE mutation does not affect P. aeruginosa lethality and ability to establish chronic infection in mice, despite causing a premature QS response and enhanced virulence factors production in test tube cultures compared to the wild type. Conversely, the post-quorum dysregulation caused by the rsaL mutation hampers the establishment of P. aeruginosa chronic lung infection in mice without affecting the mortality rate. On the whole, this study contributes to a better understanding of the impact of QS regulation on P. aeruginosa phenotypic plasticity during the infection process. Possible fallouts of these findings in the anti-virulence therapy field are also discussed. 相似文献