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33.
P. Mark Hogarth Margaret L. Hibbs Lisa Bonadonna Bernadette M. Scott Ewa Witort Geoffrey A. Pietersz Ian F. C. McKenzie 《Immunogenetics》1987,26(3):161-168
A cDNA clone encoding the mouse Ly-17+ Fc receptor for IgG, isolated from a myelomonocytic cell line, was sequenced and expression of mRNA and the functional FcR investigated. The receptor is a 301 amino acid transmembrane glycoprotein with two homologous extracellular domains that are also homologous to members of the Ig superfamily. The receptor has four sites of N-linked glycosylation and a long 94 amino acid cytoplasmic tail. Northern analysis, immune complex binding, and serological studies demonstrate that the receptor encoded by the cDNA clone binds mouse IgG1/2b and rabbit IgG complexes. 相似文献
34.
A E McDaniels R H Bordner J R Menkedick C I Weber 《Applied and environmental microbiology》1987,53(5):1003-1009
The hydrophobic-grid membrane filter (HGMF) has been proposed as an alternate method to the standard membrane filter (MF) procedure for the detection and enumeration of coliforms from water. Eight samples of nonchlorinated wastewater effluents were analyzed by the HGMF, standard MF, and tube fermentation most-probable-number methods for fecal coliforms, and eight samples each of polluted surface and dosed drinking waters were analyzed by the same methods for total coliforms. The drinking waters were dosed with coliforms and other heterotrophs concentrated from nonchlorinated domestic wastewater and treated with chlorine to reduce the numbers of organisms and simulate stress caused by chlorination. Statistical analyses determined that recoveries of fecal coliforms were significantly higher by the filtration methods for the nonchlorinated domestic wastewaters but not for the other waters. The results also indicated that recoveries of fecal and total coliforms did not differ significantly when either MFs or HGMFs were used. Total coliform results obtained with HGMFs having greater than 100 positive grid cells were significantly more precise than estimates obtained by the standard MF method only for polluted surface waters. 相似文献
35.
Summary The stability and gene expression of plasmid pBR322 in a chemostat with complex non-selective medium at different dilution rates were studied. It was observed that pBR322 was eventually lost from the population after a long lag period. The rate of plasmid loss decreases with decreasing dilution rate. This result is different from those obtained with cells grown in defined medium, where plasmid loss was observed to decrease with increasing dilution rate. In addition, it was observed that the -lactamase activity per ml per optical density of cell culture, independent of the dilution rates, increases with time and reaches a maximum around 4.5 units after 100 hrs of continuous culture. 相似文献
36.
Characterization of phycoerythrin-containing Synechococcus spp. populations by immunofluorescence 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Using an immunofluorescence assay developed to identify serogroups(i.e. clusters of strains labelled by one antiserum), the compositionof natural populations of phycoerythrin-containing Synechococcusspp. was examined. The 7803 (open ocean clone)-serogroup wasfound in most oceanic regions, but was most prevalent (up to85%) in tropical and subtropical waters during spring and summer.At coastal Long Island stations it was most abundant (up to65%) when water temperatures were >22°C. The seasonaland geographic distribution of the 7803-serogroup appeared tobe limited by water temperature. No consistent pattern was observedin the per cent composition with depth in the Sargasso Sea orat coastal to offshore stations in the North-west Atlantic Oceanor eastern tropical North Pacific Ocean. The 8016 (coastal clone)-serogroupwas abundant at coastal and estuarine stations off Long Island(up to 95 %) and its appearance was also correlated with warmwater temperature (> 15°C). However, this serogroup remaineda constant proportion of the population at the Long Island Soundstation during early winter months (through January) when abundanceof the 7803-serogroup was negligible. Owing to limited data,the oceanic distribution of the 8016-serogroup is not yet discernible.Lastly, antisera to the phycocyanin-dominant Synechococcus spp.clones failed to label any cells in samples collected from severaloceanic stations. Thus, these strains appear to be limited tocoastal and estuarine regions, which is consistent with predictionsfrom experiments comparing the photosynthetic performance ofthe phycoerythrin-dominant and phycocyanin-dominant clones.
1Present address: Department of Oceanography, University ofHawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA 相似文献
37.
The complete primary structure of the two hemoglobin components of the Great Indian Rhinoceros (Rhinoceros unicornis) is presented. The ratio for the two components B(alpha 2 beta I2): A(alpha 2 beta II2) is 6:4. Polypeptide subunits were separated by chromatography on CM-cellulose in a buffer containing 8M urea. The sequence was studied by degradation of the tryptic and hydrolytic cleavage products in a liquid phase sequencer. At position beta NA2 component B has Asp, whereas component A has Glu, an ATP-binding site in fish and reptilian hemoglobins. The other phosphate binding sites i.e. beta NA1 Val, beta EF6 Lys and beta H21 His are identical with 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate-(DPG)binding sites in mammalian hemoglobins, whereby rhinoceros hemoglobin resembles both ATP-sensitive poikilotherm hemoglobin and DPG-sensitive mammalian hemoglobin. The two components (beta I/beta II) additionally differ by exchange of Glu----Gly at position beta A3 and Gln----Lys at position beta GH3. The significance of these changes is discussed. Oxygenation properties of the two hemoglobins components and their dependence on ATP and DPG are given. The structure and function of Rhinoceros hemoglobin may give an insight into the evolution of the organic phosphate binding in vertebrate hemoglobins. 相似文献
38.
T Kleinschmidt K P Rücknagel R E Weber B F Koop G Braunitzer 《Biological chemistry Hoppe-Seyler》1987,368(6):681-690
The hemoglobin of the Free-Tailed Bat Tadarida brasiliensis (Microchiroptera) comprises two components (Hb I and Hb II) in nearly equal amounts. Both hemoglobins have identical beta-chains, whereas the alpha-chains differ in having glycine (Hb I) or aspartic acid (Hb II) in position 115 (GH3). The components could be isolated by DEAE-Sephacel chromatography and separated into the globin chains by chromatography on carboxymethyl-cellulose CM-52. The sequences have been determined by Edman degradation with the film technique or the gas phase method (the alpha I-chains with the latter method only), using the native chains and tryptic peptides, as well as the C-terminal prolyl-peptide obtained by acid hydrolysis of the Asp-Pro bond in the beta-chains. The comparison with human hemoglobin showed 18 substitutions in the alpha-chains and 24 in the beta-chains. In the alpha-chains one amino-acid exchange involves an alpha 1/beta 1-contact. In the beta-chains one heme contact, three alpha 1/beta 1- and one alpha 1/beta 2-contacts are substituted. A comparison with other chiropteran hemoglobin sequences shows similar distances to Micro- and Megachiroptera. The oxygenation characteristics of the composite hemolysate and the two components, measured in relation to pH, Cl-, and 2,3-bis-phosphoglycerate, are described. The effect of carbon dioxide on oxygen affinity is considerably smaller than that observed in human hemoglobin, which might be an adaptation to life under hypercapnic conditions. 相似文献
39.
Roy E. Weber Frank B. Jensen Raymond P. Cox 《Journal of comparative physiology. B, Biochemical, systemic, and environmental physiology》1987,157(2):145-152
Summary The allosteric effects of the erythrocytic nucleoside triphosphates (NTP) and of proton concentrations were investigated by precise measurement of Hb–O2 equilibria of tench hemoglobin (including extreme, high and low saturation ranges) and analysed in terms of the MWC two state model and the Adair four step oxygenation theory.At low concentrations (NTP/Hb ratio=1.0, and pH>7.3) ATP, GTP and protons decrease Hb–O2 affinity by increasing the allosteric constantL and reducingK
T, the association constant1 of the deoxy, tense state of the Hb, without significantly affecting that (K
R) of the oxy state, increasing the free energy of cooperativity (G). High concentrations of these effectors, however, also reduceK
R. The greater sensitivity of the half-saturation O2 tension (P
50) of the Hb to GTP than to ATP at the same concentration, correlates with greater effects of GTP on bothK
T andK
R. The pH and NTP dependence of the four Adair association constants and the calculated fractional populations of Hb molecules in different stages of oxygenation show that the autochthonous NTP effectors and protons stabilize the T structure and postpone the TR transition basic to cooperativity in fish Hb.The possible implications of the findings for aquatic respiration are discussed.Abbreviations
ATP
adenosine triphosphate
-
DPG
2,3-diphosphoglycerate (glycerate-2,3-bisphosphate)
-
GTP
guanosine triphosphate
-
IHP
inositol hexaphosphate
-
NTP
nucleoside triphosphates
In this paperK
T andK
R are defined as theassociation equilibrium constants instead of dissociation constants (as originally defined by Monod et al. 1965) to facilitate comparison with the Adair constants 相似文献
40.
Thermodynamic analysis of precisely measured oxygen equilibria of tench (Tinca tinca) hemoglobin and their dependence on ATP and protons 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Frank B. Jensen Roy E. Weber 《Journal of comparative physiology. B, Biochemical, systemic, and environmental physiology》1987,157(2):137-143
Summary Precise oxygen equilibria including extreme, high and low saturation values were determined for hemoglobin (Hb) from the freshwater teleostTinca tinca at three temperatures, each at two pH levels and in the presence and absence of the erythrocytic cofactor ATP, at twofold molar excess over Hb.Analysis of the data in terms of Adair's successive oxygenation theory shows that in the absence of ATP, each of the four oxygenation steps are exothermic, but that net heat release decreases as pH falls from 8.2 to 7.4. ATP greatly depresses the temperature sensitivity of oxygenation particularly at physiological erythrocytic pH, where endothermic cofactor dissociation finds expression in a reverse temperature sensitivity for binding of the 3rd oxygen molecule to the tetrameric Hb.Enthalpy (H
i) and entropy (S
i) changes of oxygenation vary with oxygenation step, i, as well as with pH and ATP addition, but the variations of H
i are similar to those of S
i reflecting enthalpy-entropy compensation.The data show that the cooperative effects in tench Hb can be dominated either by entropic or enthalpic contributions, depending on the experimental condition and the oxygenation step. 相似文献