军医大学学员坚毅性评价的内隐效应及脑电特征研究

目的:探寻军医大学学员内隐层面对自我和他人坚毅性评价的特点及脑电特征,为全面、客观的评估个体的坚毅性提供理论依据和客观指标。方法:使用E-Prime2.0参照经典内隐联想范式编制内隐联想-坚毅测验,对100名军医大学学员施测坚毅量表(Grit O),选取高、低坚毅水平被试(各20名)进行内隐联想-坚毅测验,并记录脑电,分析两组被试的内隐效应及主要脑电成分。结果:计算内隐效应D值,t检验显示高坚毅组(0.55±0.36)显著低于低坚毅组(0.87±0.49),t=-2.257,P0.05,Cohen'd=0.74。两组被试均诱发明显的N400和LPP,高坚毅组中N400在任务状态下主效应显著,F(1,17)=8.528,P0.05,η2=0.334,且在电极位置上主效应显著,F(10,170)=8.207,P0.001,η2=0.326。LPP在任务状态下主效应显著,F(1,17)=5.471,P0.05,η2=0.243,且在电极位置上主效应显著,F(10,170)=18.479,P0.001,η2=0.521;低坚毅组中N400在任务状态下主效应显著,F(1,17)=10.051,P0.05,η2=0.372,且在电极位置上主效应显著,F(10,170)=8.223,P0.001,η2=0.326,LPP在任务状态下主效应不显著。结论:1.军医大学学员坚毅性评价的内隐效应显著,即均倾向于认为自我的坚毅性高,他人的坚毅性低,通过问卷法评估坚毅性时应考虑坚毅评价的内隐效应。2.高、低坚毅性军医大学学员坚毅性内隐评价时的主要脑电成分N400、LPP存在差异,N400可作为坚毅性内隐评价符合程度的判断指标。3.内隐效应及N400可以作为对军医大学学员坚毅性评价时的客观指标。     

A Water‐Soluble Cu Complex as Molecular Catalyst for Electrocatalytic CO2 Reduction on Graphene‐Based Electrodes

A structurally simple molecular 1,10‐phenanthroline‐Cu complex on a mesostructured graphene matrix that can be active and selective toward CO₂ reduction over H₂ evolution in an aqueous solution is reported. The active sites consist of Cu(I) center in a distorted trigonal bipyramidal geometry, which enables the adsorption of CO₂ with η¹‐COO‐like configuration to commence the catalysis, with a turnover frequency of ≈45 s^?1 at ?1 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode. Using in situ infrared spectroelectrochemical investigation, it is demonstrated that the Cu complex can be reversibly heterogenized near the graphene surface via potential control. An increase of electron density in the complex is observed as a result of the interaction from the electric field, which further tunes the electron distribution in the neighboring CO₂. It is also found that the mesostructure of graphene matrix favored CO₂ reduction on the Cu center over hydrogen evolution by limiting mass transport from the bulk solution to the electrode surface.     

宝石能谱CT评估冠状动脉介入治疗术后支架内成像质量的研究

目的:探讨宝石能谱CT用于冠状动脉支架内成像质量评估的应用价值。方法:回顾分析56例冠状动脉支架植入后患者,按照支架厚度及直径分成四组。采用宝石能谱CT对冠状动脉成像及同时进行冠状动脉造影患者的影像学资料,通过分析宝石能谱CT的冠状动脉的成像质量,与冠状动脉造影进行对比,得出宝石能谱CT用于冠状动脉介入治疗术后支架内成像质量评估的价值。结果:宝石能谱CT显示支架内再狭窄的敏感度为100%,特异度为98.6%,阴性预测值为100%。直径≥3 mm的支架内成像质量优于直径3 mm的支架。但支架直径和厚度对宝石能谱CT支架内成像质量的可评估率没有差异。结论:宝石能谱CT均能提供优秀的冠状动脉支架内成像质量,采用宝石能谱CT替代冠状动脉造影术可对冠脉支架术后支架内影像进行评估。     

Improving rice yield and quality by QTL pyramiding

To facilitate marker-assisted transfer of desirable genes for improvement of yield traits, we used a set of backcross recombinant inbred lines (BRIL) derived from two elite parental lines, ‘Zhenshan97’ and ‘93-11’, to resolve a quantitative trait loci (QTL) cluster for heading date and yield-related traits in rice. Four main-effect QTL (qHD6.1, qHD6.2, qHD7, and qHD8) and four epistatic QTL affecting heading date in the BRIL were detected in two experimental trials. The major QTL (qHD8) was confirmed in three heterogeneous inbred families (HIF) that segregated for this target region, and narrowed down to a 20-kb segment in a large HIF-derived population. qHD8 was found to interact with qHD7 and had a pleiotropic effect responsible for heading date and yield components. To test usability of the identified QTL in rice improvement, we further developed near-isogenic lines (NIL) containing one or more target genes by marker-assisted transfer of ‘93-11’ alleles at qHD8, qHD7, and qHD6.1, and the GS3 gene for grain size into ‘Zhenshan97’. The pyramid line NIL(qHD8 + GS3) had higher yield potential, longer grains, and a more suitable heading date than ‘Zhenshan97’. Comparison of the NIL showed existence of epistasis between alleles at different loci and background effect on qHD8, which are very important for pyramiding of desirable alleles at the target QTL. These results will be particularly useful not only to understand the genetic basis of yield-related traits but also to improve the efficiency of marker-assisted selection for favorable loci in rice breeding programs.     

Novel potassium N-[(2S,3R,4R,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxylhex-1-yl]-L-amino acid dichloroplatinates(II) with high anti-tumor activity and low side reaction

To discover whether novel anti-tumor platinum agents are capable of selectively accumulating in tumor tissue, three novel potassium N-[(2S,3R,4R,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxylhex-1-yl]-L-amino acid dichloroplatinates(II) were prepared. At a dose of 1.67 μmol kg(-1) the in vivo anti-tumor potencies of two of the compounds were higher than that of oxaliplatin. The mortality analysis indicated that these compounds resulted in a 100% survival rate, whereas oxaliplatin lead to an 80% survival rate. The organ damage examination indicated that these compounds induced less damage than oxaliplatin. The platinum accumulation in the organs, blood and bone was significantly lower than that of oxaliplatin treated mice, while the platinum accumulation in the tumor tissue was significantly higher than that of the oxaliplatin treated mice.     

成人降主动脉置换术中三种体外循环灌注技术的应用

目的总结分析成人降主动脉置换术中各种体外循环灌注的技术特点和管理方法。方法 2006年1月至2009年12月,共有60例患者行降主动脉置换手术。按体外循环灌注技术类型分为3组：左心转流组4例,股动静脉转流组37例,上下半身分别灌注组19例。三组预充均采用勃脉力A和胶体,常规加入白蛋白和激素,监测混合静脉氧饱和度和血细胞压积,积极应用超滤技术和自体血液回收技术。结果术中转流平稳,血流动力学稳定,监测指标均在正常范围,仅出现9例并发症（截瘫、偏瘫、谵妄、苏醒延迟、低氧血症）。结论成人降主动脉置换术中根据不同的手术方式,正确选择和熟练应用相应的灌注技术是决定手术成功的重要因素。     

运用分子生物学技术监测水环境中产毒蓝藻

有毒蓝藻在形成水华破坏水体环境的同时,也对人畜产生危害。运用分子生物学技术对水环境中产毒蓝藻进行监测,由于其简单、快速和经济等优点,逐渐成为各国学者关注的热点。本文从以下3个方面对其进行了综述:1)早期分子生物学技术在产毒蓝藻诊断中的运用;2)以产毒基因为靶标进行的产毒蓝藻诊断;3)运用基因芯片技术对产毒蓝藻进行检测。与传统的分子生物学技术相比,生物芯片技术具有体积小、重量轻、便于携带、分析自动快速、高通量等许多传统方法所不能比拟的优势。因此,该技术在蓝藻毒素检测中的运用必将给目前的产毒蓝藻的检测带来一场新的革命。     

Pharmacokinetic properties of crocin (crocetin digentiobiose ester) following oral administration in rats

This study investigated the pharmacokinetic properties of crocin following oral administration in rats. After a single oral dose, crocin was undetected while crocetin, a metabolite of crocin, was found in plasma at low concentrations. Simultaneously, crocin was largely present in feces and intestinal contents within 24h. After repeated oral doses for 6 days, crocin remained undetected in plasma and plasma crocetin concentrations were comparable to the corresponding data obtained after the single oral dose. Furthermore, the absorption characteristics of crocin were evaluated in situ using an intestinal recirculation perfusion method. During recirculation, crocin was undetected and low concentrations of crocetin were detected in plasma. The concentrations of crocin in the perfusate were reduced through different intestinal segments, and the quantities of drug lost were greater throughout the colon. These results indicate that (1) orally administered crocin is not absorbed either after a single dose or repeated doses, (2) crocin is excreted largely through the intestinal tract following oral administration, (3) plasma crocetin concentrations do not tend to accumulate with repeated oral doses of crocin, and (4) the intestinal tract serves as an important site for crocin hydrolysis.     

Regulation of interleukin-8 expression in melanoma-stimulated neutrophil inflammatory response

Inflammation facilitates tumor progression including metastasis. Interleukin-8 (IL-8) is a chemokine that regulates polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMN) mobilization and activity and we hypothesize that this cytokine influences tumor behavior. We have demonstrated that IL-8 is crucial for PMN-mediated melanoma extravasation under flow conditions. In addition, IL-8 is up-regulated in PMNs upon co-culturing with melanoma cells. Melanoma cells induce IkappaB-alpha degradation in PMNs indicating that NF-kappaB signaling is active in PMNs. Furthermore, the production of IL-8 in PMNs is NF-kappaB dependent. We have further identified that interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) from PMN-melanoma co-cultures synergistically contribute to IkappaB-alpha degradation and IL-8 synthesis in PMNs. Taken together, these findings show that melanoma cells induce PMNs to secrete IL-8 through activation of NF-kappaB and suggest a model in which this interaction promotes a microenvironment that is favorable for metastasis.