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101.
高温厌氧条件下纤维素的直接乙醇发酵   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
本文介绍了出分解纤维素的嗜热厌氧菌Clostridium celluloflavus sp.nov.直接发酵纤维素产乙醇的初步研究、发酵于60℃下进仃,其主要产物为乙醇、乙酸、氢气和二氧化碳。文中介绍了间歇发酵的若干特征与影响发酵的因素,1%纤维素发酵至120小时,大约有70%纤维素被分解;乙醇的转化率约为0.36g/g降解纤维素;发酵液中乙醇浓度达到56至61mM。发酵中乙醇与乙酸浓度的比值因发酵时间与其它发酵条件的不同而不同。  相似文献   
102.
Iron is one of the most important micronutrients for plants. Like other organisms, plants have developed active mechanisms for the acquisition of sufficient iron from the soil. Nevertheless, very little is known about the genetic mechanisms that control the active uptake. In tomato, two spontaneously derived mutants are available, which are defective in key steps that control this process. The recessive mutationchloronerva (chln) affects a gene which controls the synthesis of the non-protein amino acid nicotianamine (NA), a key component in the iron physiology of plants. The root system of the recessive mutantfer is unable to induce any of the characteristic responses to iron deficiency and iron uptake is thus completely blocked. We present a characterization of the double mutant, showing that thefer gene is epistatic over thechln gene and thus very likely to be one of the major genetic elements controlling iron physiology in tomato. In order to gain access to these two genes at the molecular level, both mutants were precisely mapped onto the high density RFLP map of tomato. Thechln gene is located on chromosome 1 and thefer gene is on chromosome 6 of tomato. Using this high-resolution map, a chromosome walk has been started to isolate thefer gene by map-based cloning. The isolation of thefer gene will provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms of iron uptake control in plants.  相似文献   
103.
104.
Phospholipase D (PLD; EC 3.1.4.4) has been proposed to play a pivotal role in various cellular processes, but molecular understanding of this enzyme is rather limited. This report describes the nucleotide sequence, structure, and genomic organization of a PLD gene from castor bean (Ricinus communis L. cv. Hale). The PLD gene was isolated from a castor bean genomic library using the PLD cDNA as a hybridization probe. Sequence comparison with the PLD cDNA revealed that the PLD gene consisted of four exons and three introns, one of which interrupts the 5-untranslated region. Southern blot analysis indicated that the cloned PLD gene was present as a single-copy gene, and yet there were other PLD or PLD-related sequences in the castor bean genome.  相似文献   
105.
The 5-phosphorimidazolide of uridine reacts on Na+-montmorillonite 22A in aqueous solution to give oligomers as long as 7 mers. The maximum chain length increases to 9 mers and the overall oligomer yield increases when 9:1 ImpU, A5 ppA mixtures react under the same conditions. The oligomer yield and maximum chain length decreases with the structure of the added pyrophosphate in the order A5 ppA>A5 ppU>U5 ppU. Structure analysis of individual oligomer fractions was performed by selective enzymatic hydrolyses followed by HPLC analysis of the products. The regioselectivity for 3,5-bond formation is 80–90% in the 9:1 ImpU, A5 ppA reaction, a percentage comparable to that observed in the 9:1 ImpA, A5 ppA reaction. Oligomerization of ImpU is inhibited by addition of dA5 ppdA, and MeppA. No oligomers containing A5 ppU were products of the 9:1 ImpU, A5 ppA reaction, a finding consistent with the simple addition of the ImpU to the A5 ppA and not the rearrangement of an ImpU-A5 ppA adduct. Concentrations of lysine or arginine which were close to that of the ImpU did not inhibit oligomer formation. Treatment of Na+-montmorillonite with 1 M arginine yielded arginine-montmorillonite, an amino acid-mineral adduct which did not catalyze ImpU oligomerization. Neither the 4–9 mers formed in the 9:1 ImpU, A5 ppA reaction nor the 4–9 mers formed by the base hydrolysis of poly(U) served as templates for the formation of oligo(A)s.  相似文献   
106.
Ejaculates from 3 young boars were collected on 4 occasions as a series of separate 15-ml fractions. The contribution of different fractions of these ejaculates to observed variability in the quality of the semen when used for IVF was then determined. On the basis of sperm concentration, 3 fractions representing the first peak concentration (Fraction 1), the lowest sperm concentration after Fraction 1 (Fraction 2), and the second peak concentration (Fraction 3) were selected for analysis in vitro. Oocyte-cumulus-granulosa cell complexes were obtained by dissection from slaughterhouse ovaries. In vitro matured oocytes were randomly assigned for fertilization by the 3 semen samples from each boar. Sperm concentration was the same in all the samples during prefertilization incubation, while the final concentration for fertilization was 5 x 10(5) sperm/ml. Data were analysed using ANOVA for a split-plot design. In the presence of fraction effects, Student-Newman-Keuls (SNK) test was used for multiple comparison of treatment means. Oocyte penetration rates differed among fractions (P = 0.001) and varied from 69 to 100% (mean 95.7%) for Fraction 1, from 0 to 100% (mean 53.3%) for Fraction 2, and from 50to 100% (mean 89.9%) for Fraction 3. There were also differences in male pronuclear formation rate (P = 0.028; mean 27.6, 9.3 and 16.4% for Fractions 1, 2 and 3, respectively); in the rate of polyspermy (P = 0.0001; mean 92.3, 31.9 and 76.3% for Fractions 1, 2 and 3, respectively); and in the number of penetrated spermatozoa per oocyte P = 0.002; mean 5.58, 1.94 and 4.07 for Fractions 1, 2, and 3, respectively). The first peak concentration of semen (Fraction 1) showed superiority in fertilizing ability and less variability in penetration rate from replicate to replicate compared with the other 2 fractions. By multiple comparison, Boar 1 showed higher rates of penetration (P < 0.05), male pronuclear formation (P < 0.05) and polyspermy (P < 0.05) than the other 2 boars. There was no fraction-by-boar interaction. The IVM-IVF system adopted proved to be a promising method for boar semen evaluation.  相似文献   
107.
目测及镜检结果表明,褐锈菌被锈寄生菌寄生后,夏孢子堆由桔红渐变为灰褐,后期夏孢子失去发芽力,孢子堆原基处只存有寄生菌的分生孢子器.锈寄生菌的发酵液代谢产物含有3种抗性物质.自7月中下旬至9月中旬,分生孢子的发生量多于褐锈菌的孢子量,表明落叶松褐锈病的发生程度随着锈寄生菌寄生率的增加而减轻.  相似文献   
108.
植物定植图微机显示与管理系统   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
介绍了运用软件工程的方法和数据库技术研究开发的南京中山植物园植物定植图微机显示与管理系统。详细介绍了系统的目标,系统的实现,应用软件的研制及应用效果。  相似文献   
109.
树桃—点叶蝉Erythroneurasudra(Distant)在福建古田一年发生六代,7—9月温度较高,发育较快,时虫口密度大,产卵量多,是主要的危害世代。本文对桃一点叶蝉的生活史与习性、繁殖特征(性比、产卵量)、1—4代的世代历期、发育起点与有效积温、种群空间分布型进行研究。同时进行了氢化乐果防治实验。  相似文献   
110.
力竭游泳对大鼠心肌线粒体钙运输的影响   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
 力竭游泳对大鼠心肌线粒体钙运输的影响丁树哲,王文信,连克杰,许豪文(华东师范大学体育系运动生化实验室,上海200062)线粒体钙运输在细胞功能调节方面有重要作用.线粒体通过摄取与释放钙,对其跨膜质子、不依赖底物及产物抑制的ATP合成、磷酸化偶联等均有...  相似文献   
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