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991.
Cytological mechanism of pollen abortion resulting from allelic interaction of F1 pollen sterility locus in rice (Oryza sativa L.) 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Pollen abortion is one of the major reasons causing the inter-subspecific F1 hybrid sterility in rice and is due to allelic interaction of F1 pollen sterility genes. The microsporogenesis and microgametogenesis of Taichung 65 and its three F1 hybrids were comparatively studied by using techniques of differential interference contrast microscopy, semi-thin section
light microscopy, epifluorescence microscopy and TEM. The results showed that there were differences among the cytological
mechanisms of pollen abortion due to allelic interaction at the three F1 pollen sterility loci. The allelic interaction at S-a locus resulted in microspores unable to extend the protoplasm membrane with the enlargement of the microspore at the middle
microspore stage and finally producing empty abortive pollen. The allelic interaction at S-b locus caused asynchronous development of microspores at the middle microspore stage producing stainable abortive pollen.
The allelic interaction at S-c locus mainly led to the non-dissolution of the generative cell wall and finally caused the hybrid F1 mainly producing stainable abortive pollen. Genotypic identification indicated that the abortive pollen were those with S
j
allele. 相似文献
992.
Hughes P Robati M Lu W Zhou J Strasser A Bouillet P 《Cell death and differentiation》2006,13(7):1123-1127
We have recently demonstrated that ablation of one or both alleles of the proapoptotic gene Bim prevents the polycystic kidney disease (PKD) that develops in mice deficient for the prosurvival protein Bcl-2. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether loss of Bim or Bcl-2 could influence the disease in the PKD1del34/del34 mutant mice, a model of autosomal dominant PKD. PKD1del34/del34 mice were intercrossed with Bim-deficient mice and Bcl-2+/- mice to generate double mutants. Loss of Bim does not prevent the development of PKD in PKD1del34/del34 mice. On the C57BL/6 genetic background, most older PKD1del34/+ mice do not develop PKD, but present with liver cysts. Surprisingly, loss of Bim completely prevented liver cysts formation in PKD1del34/+ mice. Loss of one Bcl-2 allele did not influence the PKD1del34 phenotype significantly. We conclude that loss of PKD1 and loss of Bcl-2 elicit PKD through distinct mechanisms. 相似文献
993.
The molecular basis of multidrug resistance in cancer: the early years of P-glycoprotein research 总被引:13,自引:0,他引:13
The discovery and characterization of P-glycoprotein, an energy-dependent multidrug efflux pump, as a mechanism of multidrug resistance in cancer is generally accepted as a significant contribution to the ongoing effort to end death and suffering from this disease. The historical reflections of Victor Ling and Michael Gottesman concerning the early years of this research highlight the important contributions of the multidisciplinary teams involved in these studies, and illustrate how technological developments in biochemistry and molecular and cell biology enabled this discovery. 相似文献
994.
Four flavonoids, dihydroartomunoxanthone (1), artomunoisoxanthone (2), cyclocomunomethonol (3) and artomunoflavanone (4), together with three known compounds, artochamins B (5), D and artocommunol CC (6) were isolated from the cortex of the roots of Artocarpus communis. The structures of 1-4 were determined by spectroscopic methods. The antiplatelet effects of the flavonoids, 1-3, 5 and 6 on human platelet-rich plasma (PRP) were evaluated. Of the compounds tested in human PRP, compounds 1, 5 and 6 showed significant inhibition of secondary aggregation induced by adrenaline. It is concluded that the antiplatelet effect of 1, 5 and 6 is mainly owing to an inhibitory effect on thromboxane formation. 相似文献
995.
Li Q Guo Y Tan W Stein AB Dawn B Wu WJ Zhu X Lu X Xu X Siddiqui T Tiwari S Bolli R 《American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology》2006,290(2):H584-H589
Previous studies have shown that gene therapy with inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) protects against myocardial infarction at 3 days after gene transfer. However, the long-term effects of iNOS gene therapy on myocardial ischemic injury and cardiac function are unknown. To address this issue, we used a recombinant adenovirus 5 (Ad5) vector (Av3) with deletions of the E1, E2a, and E3 regions, which enables long-lasting recombinant gene expression for at least 2 mo due to lack of inflammation. Mice received intramyocardial injections in the left ventricular (LV) anterior wall of Av3/LacZ (LacZ group) or Av3/iNOS (iNOS group); 1 or 2 mo later, they were subjected to myocardial infarction (30-min coronary occlusion followed by 4 h of reperfusion). Cardiac iNOS gene expression was confirmed by immunoblotting and activity assays at 1 and 2 mo after gene transfer. In the iNOS group, infarct size (percentage of risk region) was significantly reduced (P < 0.05) both at 1 mo (24.2 +/- 3.4%, n = 6, vs. 48.0 +/- 3.6%, n = 8, in the LacZ group) and at 2 mo (23.4 +/- 3.1%, n = 8, vs. 36.6 +/- 2.4%, n = 7). The infarct-sparing effects of iNOS gene therapy were as powerful as those observed 24 h after ischemic preconditioning (23.1 +/- 3.4%, n = 10). iNOS gene transfer had no effect on LV function or dimensions up to 8 wk later (echocardiography). These data demonstrate that iNOS gene therapy mediated by the Av3 vector affords long-term (2 mo) cardioprotection without inflammation or adverse functional consequences, a finding that provides a rationale for further preclinical testing of this therapy. 相似文献
996.
为了研究安婀珍蝶(Actinote anteas(Doubleday & Hewitson))能否在广东省室温下顺利繁殖以及探讨其繁殖的最适温度,研究通过观察建立了室温和恒温下的实验种群生命表.在温度18~35 ℃之间,相对湿度85%左右时,安婀珍蝶从第1代到第4代的种群趋势指数分别为22.78、34.28、12.53、19.47;其内禀增长率rm分别为0.0287、0.0308、0.0250、0.0282,表明在室温下安婀珍蝶实验种群的世代繁殖力较高.在14~26 ℃下的实验种群生命表中,安婀珍蝶23 ℃时,内禀增长率rm为0.0401,最高,说明23 ℃是安婀珍蝶的繁殖最适温度.这些都为安婀珍蝶能否在广东地区顺利建立稳定的种群提供了理论的依据. 相似文献
997.
998.
Haiyan Wei Xuhua Mi Ling Ji Lichuan Yang Qingjie Xia Yuquan Wei Isamu Miyamori ChunYuan Fan 《Biochemistry. Biokhimii?a》2010,75(3):304-309
In this study, we focused on the relationship between aldosterone and NOX1 expression in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). For the first time, with the use of specific inhibitors of protein kinase
C (PKC), we report that PKCδ mediates upregulation of NOX1 induced by 10 nM aldosterone in cultured VSMCs. Participation of PKC in the mediation of NOX1 regulation was further confirmed by the effect of diacylglycerol, a PKC agonist, on the NOX1 RNA in A7r5 cells with Northern blot analysis. To establish cause and effect, we next silenced the PKCδ gene partly by RNA
interference and found knockdown of PKCδ gene attenuated aldosterone-induced NOX1 expression, generation of superoxide, as well as protein synthesis in VSMCs. Taken together, these data indicated PKCδ might
mediate aldosterone-dependent NOX1 upregulation in VSMCs. In addition, we showed that the cascade from aldosterone to PKCδ activation had the participation
of the mineralocorticoid receptor. 相似文献
999.
Murugan Loganathan Subbiyan Maruthasalam Ling Yin Shiu Wei Ching Lien Wen Hwei Hsu Pei Fang Lee Chih Wen Yu Chin Ho Lin 《In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Plant》2010,46(3):265-273
We describe here a simple and efficient system of soybean (Glycine max L. Merrill) regeneration through direct somatic embryogenesis by using immature embryonic shoot tips (IEST) as explants.
The cultivar Kaohsiung 10 (cv. K10) used in this study did not show embryogenic response either from mature seed-derived explants
(cotyledon, embryonic tip, leaf, shoot and root) or immature cotyledons. However, it showed a high percentage (55.8%) of somatic
embryo (SEm) formation from the IEST excised 2–3 wk after flowering, thus indicating the crucial roles of type and age of
explants. The IEST put forth primary SEm after 2 mo of culturing on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 6% sucrose,
164.8 μM 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), 5 mM asparagine and 684 μM glutamine. Subsequently, secondary SEm were developed
1 mo after culturing on MS medium containing 123.6 μM 2,4-D and 3% sucrose. Cotyledonary embryos were induced on MS medium
supplemented with 0.5% activated charcoal after 1 mo. The embryos were desiccated for 72–96 h on sterile Petri dishes and
regenerated on hormone-free MS medium. Plantlets with well-developed shoots and roots were obtained within 5–6 mo of culturing
of IEST. The SEm-derived plants were morphologically normal and fertile. Various parameters thought to be responsible for
efficient regeneration of soybean through somatic embryogenesis are discussed. To our knowledge, this is the first report
to employ IEST as explants for successful direct somatic embryogenesis in soybean. 相似文献
1000.