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991.
Fiber-specific regulation of Ca(2+)-ATPase isoform expression by thyroid hormone in rat skeletal muscle 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
992.
Summary We report here an efficient Arabidopsis leafdisc transformation protocol yielding an average transformation frequency of 1.6 transgenic shoots per leaf explant 4 weeks after the bacterial infection period. Subsequent cultivation in vitro is such that a high percentage (85–90%) of the primary transformants produces seeds with an average seed yield of 100–300 seeds per plant. This improved transformation protocol yields mainly (70%) transformants segregating for a single T-DNA locus of which 68% actually contain one T-DNA insert. The objective is to generate a pool of independent transformants harboring an activator T-DNA construct in a gene tagging approach to isolate genes involved in morphogenesis and auxin signal transduction.Abbreviations
2,4-D
2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid
-
AGM
Arabidopsis growth medium
-
BAP
benzylaminopurine
-
CaMV
Cauliflower Mosaic Virus
-
CTAB
Hexadecyltrimethylammoniumbromide
-
DIG
digoxigenin
-
FeNaEDTA
Iron-sodium-ethylenedinitrilo tetraacetic acid complex
-
GUS
ß-Glucuronidase
-
IBA
indole-3-butyric acid
-
LB
left T-DNA border
-
MES
2-(N-morpholino) ethane sulfonic acid
-
MS
Murashige and Skoog medium
-
NAA
-naphthaleneacetic acid
-
RB
right T-DNA border 相似文献
993.
Rapid coral colonization of a recent lava flow following a volcanic eruption,Banda Islands,Indonesia 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Compared to the catastrophic impacts of various environmental disturbances and the subsequent recovery of scleractinian coral communities from these events, little is known about the early successional dynamics of coral communities following major volcanic eruptions. The 1988 volcanic eruption of Gunung Api, Banda Islands, Indonesia, provided a unique opportunity to study the rate at which a reef-building coral community develops on an andesitic lava flow. Coral colonization was studied at three locations varying in substrate characteristics. Five years after the eruption, the sheltered lava flow supported a diverse coral community (124 species) with high coral cover
. Tabulate acroporids were a dominant component of the lava flow coral community, with some colonies measuring over 90 cm in diameter. Higher average coral diversity, coral abundance and cover were recorded on the andesitic lava flow than on an adjacent carbonate reef not covered by the lava, and on a substrate of unstable pyroclastic deposits located on the southwestern coast of the volcano. In some areas of high coral diversity and environmental stability, andesitic lava flows may create local hot-spots of coral diversity by providing a structurally complex, predator-free and stable substrate for the recruitment of coral species from the adjacent and regional species pools. 相似文献
994.
Associations between different agonistic and affiliative behavioural patterns of female domestic cats (Felis silvestris catus) were studied. In three groups of intact cats living in confinement frequencies of fourteen agonistic and affiliative behavioural
patterns were recorded. The technique of factor analysis (Principal Components Analysis followed by varimax rotation on a
dyads X behavioural patterns matrix) was used to detect clusters in these behavioural patterns. Five factors (or types of
interindividual relationships) were extracted per group. They accounted collectively for at least 77% of the total variance
present in the data. Although differences existed between groups with respect to behavioural patterns included in each factor,
four clusters of behaviours could be discriminated: (I) social rubbing, lordosis and rolling in front of partner (sexual behaviour),
(II) allogrooming, social sniffing, nosing, sniffing rear and treading (inspection-affiliative behaviour), (III) offensive
behaviour and staring, and (IV) defensive behaviour and staring. The role of these clusters in group living is discussed. 相似文献
995.
Aspirin changes the secretion rate and amino acid composition of human small intestinal mucin in subjects with ileal conduits 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Anthony M. Roberton Bandule Rabel Linda Stubbs Clifford Tasman-Jones Sum P. Lee 《Glycoconjugate journal》1996,13(5):781-789
The effect of aspirin on the rate of secretion and amino acid composition of human ileal mucin was studied, using subjects with ileal conduits as a model system in which mucin secreted from the ileal conduit tissue is flushed out in the urine and can be measured and analysed. Aspirin (600 mg per day, administered orally) increased the daily mucin output by 37–104% in subjects by days 3 or 4, but thereafter the mucin output declined to below the baseline level by day 10. Mucin samples, purified from the ileal conduit urine during the control period and during aspirin administration, were compared. There were no discernible changes in the degree of polymerisation or the density, but during aspirin administration the amino acid composition was significantly changed, and in particular threonine and proline were enriched. One possible explanation, consistent with the compositional analyses, is that the N- and C-terminal regions of the mucin subunits have been cleaved off and lost during aspirin administration. The observed changes in mucin secretion may have implications for the mechanism of the toxic effects of aspirin on the small intestine by altering the barrier properties of the mucus layer.Abbreviations EGF
epidermal growth factor
- NSAID
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug 相似文献
996.
Daphnids respond to algae-associated odours 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Using a Y-tube olfactometer, it was found that Daphnia galeatax hyalina moves to the arm with odour from either of two ediblealgal species (Scenedesmus acuminatus and Oscillatoria limnetica)rather than to the alternative arm with clean water. However,no differential response was observed when odours of the toxiccyanobacterium (Oscillatoria agardhu) were tested. We suggestthat odours associated with edible algae attract Daphnia whereasnon-edible algae do not elicit attraction of Daphnia. 相似文献
997.
G. Beldman L. A. M. van den Broek H. A. Schols M. J. F. Searle-van Leeuwen K. M. J. van Laere A. G. J. Voragen 《Biotechnology letters》1996,18(6):707-712
Summary A pectic polysaccharide from soy was degraded by a crude extracellular preparation of Aspergillus aculeatus. Besides monomeric sugars, an unknown oligosaccharide was produced, which was purified and identified as the dimer -Xyl
p
-(1,3)-GalA
p
. The enzyme responsible for the release of this dimer was purified and characterized as an exogalacturonase, which was not hindered by side-chains of xylose. 相似文献
998.
To gain insight into the evolution of rodent major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I genes and identify important (conserved) nonclassical class I (class Ib) gene products and residues in these proteins,
sixPeromyscus maniculatus MHC (Pema) class I cDNA clones were isolated and sequenced. FivePema class I cDNAs appeared most similar to mouse and rat classical class I (class Ia) genes. One exhibited highest similarity
to anH2 class Ib gene,H2-T23 (encoding the Qa1 antigen). Phylogenetic trees constructed withPema, RT1, andH2 class I sequences suggested that the lineages of some rodent class Ib genes (e.g.,T23 andT24) originated prior toMus andPeromyscus speciation [>50 million years (My) ago]. Sequences of four Qa1-like proteins from three species permitted the identification
of ten Qa1-specific amino acids. On the basis of molecular modeling, three residues showed the potential to interact with
T-cell receptors and three residues (all corresponding to polymorphic positions among H2 class Ia proteins) were predicted
to influence antigen binding. The recognition of mouse Qa1 proteins by a subset of T-cells in influenced by a locus,Qdm, which encodes the H2-D leader peptide. One of thePema class I cDNA clones classified asH2-K, D/L-like (class Ia) is predicted to encode an identical peptide, implying that an antigen binding protein (Qa1) and the antigen
to which it binds (the product ofQdm) has been conserved for over 50 My.
The nucleotide sequence data reported in this paper have been submitted to the GenBank nucleotide sequence database and have
been assigned the accession numbers U12822 (Pm13), U12885 (Pm41), U12886 (Pm52), U12887 (Pm62), U16846 (Pm11), and U16847 (Pm53) 相似文献
999.
1000.
Electric field-induced charge recombination in Photosystem II (PS II) was studied in osmotically swollen spinach chloroplasts (blebs) by measurement of the concomitant chlorophyll luminescence emission (electroluminescence). A pronounced dependence on the redox state of the two-electron gate QB was observed and the earlier failure to detect it is explained. The influence of the QB/QB
– oscillation on electroluminescence was dependent on the redox state of the oxygen evolving complex; at times around one millisecond after flash illumination a large effect was observed in the states S2 and S3, but not in the state S4 (actually Z+S3). The presence of the oxidized secondary electron donor, tyrosine Z+, appeared to prevent expression of the QB/QB
– effect on electroluminescence, possibly because this effect is primarily due to a shift of the redox equilibrium between Z/Z+ and the oxygen evolving complex.Abbreviations BSA
bovine serum albumin
- EDTA
ethylene-diaminetetraacetic acid
- EL
electroluminescence
- FCCP
carbonylcyanide p-trifluoromethyloxyphenyl-hydrazone
- HEPESI
4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazineethanesulfonic acid
- I
primary electron acceptor
- MOPS
3-(N-morpholino) propane sulfonic acid
- P680
primary electron donor of Photosystem II
- P700
primary electron donor of Photosystem I
- QA and QB
secondary and tertiary electron acceptors of Photosystem II
- Z
secondary electron donor (D1 Tyr 161) 相似文献