单药替莫唑胺与尼莫司丁联合顺铂对脑恶性胶质瘤的疗效对比观察

目的:探讨恶性脑胶质瘤手术后应用单药替莫唑胺(TMZ)方案化疗与尼莫司汀联合顺铂(ACNU+DDP)化疗的效果.方法:选取经病理证实为恶性脑胶质瘤患者60例,手术治疗后随机分为TMZ和ACNU+DDP两组,按标准方案分别给予4～6个疗程的化疗.每个化疗期间分别复查头颅MRI及肝肾功、血细胞分析,并与化疗前资料相比较,判断病情变化.结果:TMZ组有效率达为44.0%,ACNU+DDP组为14.28%,两组相差显著(P<0.05).TMZ组严重副反应发生率为16.0%,ACNU+DDP组为31.43%,两组相差显著(P<0.05).结论:TMZ比ACNU+DDP不仅能更好的改善恶性胶质瘤患者的预后,提高其生活质量,而且具有较高的安全性.     

Resistance function of rice lipid transfer protein LTP110

Plant lipid transfer proteins (LTPs) are a class of proteins whose functions are still unknown. Some are proposed to have antimicrobial activities. To understand whether LTP110, a rice LTP that we previously identified from rice leaves, plays a role in the protection function against some serious rice pathogens, we investigated the antifungal and antibacterial properties of LTP110. A cDNA sequence, encoding the mature peptide of LTP110, was cloned into the Impact-CN prokaryotic expression system. The purified protein was used for an in vitro inhibition test against rice pathogens, Pyricularia oryzae and Xanthomonas oryzae. The results showed that LTP110 inhibited the germination of Pyricularia oryzae spores, and its inhibitory activity decreased in the presence of a divalent cation. This suggests that the antifungal activity is affected by ions in the media; LTP110 only slightly inhibited the growth of Xanthomonas oryzae. However, the addition of LTP110 to cultured Chinese hamster ovarian cells did not retard growth, suggesting that the toxicity of LTP110 is only restricted to some cell types. Its antimicrobial activity is potentially due to interactions between LTP and microbe-specific structures.     

真菌细胞溶壁酶的产酶培养和应用效果

从土样中分离的７１株木霉（Ｔｒｉｃｈｏｄｅｒｍａ ｓｐ．）筛选出一株分解几丁质和葡聚糖能力较强的菌株。该菌株在麸皮、稻草粉、硫酸铵和诱导物为主成份的固体培养基上,经过２５℃、８４ｈ的培养,产生较高的真菌细胞溶壁酶,能溶解酵母、毛霉、黑曲霉及食用菌等丝状菌丝体的细胞壁,形成原生质体,经选用酵母、毛霉等进行原生质体再生,效果较优。     

太空诱变玉米核不育材料花粉败育的细胞学观察(简报)

玉米是最早利用雄性不育系生产杂交种的作物之一。在玉米T型细胞质雄性不育杂交种遭受毁灭性病害侵袭之后,科学家认识到利用细胞质雄性不育制种存在潜在的遗传脆弱性,从此试图通过多种途径来创造新的雄性不育．并对雄性不育材料的遗传多样性进行研究。空间诱变育种是80年代于我国发展起来的新技术,在农作物品种改良和种质创新上已初见成效。[第一段]     

一株可同时降解多种高环PAHs的丝状真菌——宛氏拟青霉(Paecilomyces variotii)

采用液体培养的方法,分离纯化了丝状真菌宛氏拟青霉(Paecilomyces variotii)并研究了其对苯并[a]蒽、苯并[a]芘、苯并[b]荧蒽、苯并[k]荧蒽、茚并[1,2,3-cd]芘的降解效果.结果表明:接种处理30 d,该菌株对混合体系中5种PAHs的降解率为16.1%～24.6%,而对单一体系中的降解率为10.4%～33.3%;同时,对单一与混合体系中PAHs的降解作用存在一定差异,苯并[k]荧蒽和苯并[b]荧蒽在单一体系中降解率增大,而其他种类的则减小.本研究结果为高环多环芳烃共代谢机理研究和多环芳烃复合污染水土环境的生物修复提供了一种新的种质资源.     

神经生长因子与神经系统老化

老化通常指生物体生长发育成熟以后,随年龄增加生理机能逐渐减退,内环境稳定性下降,组织器官逐渐发生退行性改变,最终走向衰老、死亡的过程。神经系统老化是神经元退行性病变形成的基础和条件。由于神经生长因子（nerve growth factor,NGF）与中枢神经系统胆碱能神经元的存活和可塑性调节密切相关,所以NGF在神经系统老化和神经退行性变疾病如老年性痴呆（Alzheimer’s disease,AD）的发生发展过程中发挥重要作用。本文综述了NGF在脑老化中的变化及其与AD发病机制的关系。     

Comparative studies of four protein preparation methods for proteomic study of the dinoflagellate Alexandrium sp. using two-dimensional electrophoresis

Alexandrium is a wide-spread genus of dinoflagellate causing harmful algal blooms and paralytic shellfish poisoning around the world. Proteomics has been introduced to the study of Alexandrium, but the protein preparation method is still unsatisfactory with respect to protein spot number, separation and resolution, and this has limited the application of a proteomic approach to the study of dinoflagellates. In this study we compared four protein preparation methods for the two-dimensional electrophoresis (2DE) analysis of A. tamarense: (1) urea/Triton X-100 buffer extraction with trichloroacetic acid (TCA)/acetone precipitation; (2) direct precipitation with TCA/acetone; (3) 40 mM Tris (hydroxymethyl) aminomethane (Tris) buffer extraction; and (4) 50 mM Tris/5% glycerol buffer extraction. The results showed that, among the four protein preparation methods, the method combining the urea/Triton X-100 buffer extraction and TCA/acetone precipitation allowed detection of the highest number and quality of protein spots with a clear background. Although the direct TCA/acetone precipitation method also detected a high number of protein spots with a clear background, the spot number, separation and intensity were not as good as those obtained from the urea/Triton X-100 buffer extraction with TCA/acetone precipitation method. The 40 mM Tris buffer and 50 mM Tris/5% glycerol buffer methods allowed the detection of fewer protein spots and a pH range only from 4 to 7. Subsequently, the urea/Triton X-100 buffer extraction with TCA/acetone precipitation method was successfully applied to profiling protein expression in A. catenella under light stress conditions and the differential expression proteins were identified using MALDI TOF–TOF mass spectrometry. The method developed here appears to be promising for further proteomic studies of this organism and related species.     

湿地生态旅游研究进展

湿地富有生物多样性和文化多样性,具有较高的旅游价值、环境教育功能及社区参与功能,湿地生态旅游体现了旅游经济与湿地保护的可持续协调发展,目前已引起国内外政府和学者的普遍关注. 本文对国内外相关研究理论和实践进行了总结,对湿地生态旅游的研究意义、进程、内容、方法和结果等进行了综述,并对湿地生态旅游研究进行了展望,以期推动湿地生态旅游研究的发展,为湿地及相关旅游区的资源开发、环境保护和科学管理提供参考.     

南方鲇血型的初步鉴定

本研究旨在通过观察南方鲇血清与其红细胞的交叉反应以鉴定南方鲇的血型.实验结果表明:南方鲇的血清与同种其他个体的红细胞进行交叉反应时均未出现凝集现象,这表明南方鲇可能不存在血型或南方鲇具备血型但血清中相应的凝集素含量不足.以南方鲇的红细胞为抗原免疫日本种大耳白兔制备的抗血清与南方鲇的红细胞进行交叉反应,出现了不同程度的凝集反应,这表明南方鲇存在血型.据上述两个实验结果可以推断,南方鲇可能存在4种血型,分别命名为NA、NB、NAB和NO型;同时也证实,在鉴定南方鲇血型的研究中,通过制备抗血清与红细胞进行交叉反应的方法更为可靠.     

枯草芽孢杆菌CAS15嗜铁素基因dhbC的克隆、表达及功能鉴定

通过PCR技术扩增得到dhbC基因,对其进行序列分析发现,dhbC基因片段长为1197bp,预期编码398个氨基酸,蛋白分子量大小为43.8kD。将目的片段连接到表达载体pET-30a(+),转化大肠杆菌Escherichia coli BL21(DE3)获得重组菌株BL21(DE3)/pET-30a-dhbC,以IPTG在30oC诱导4h实现高效表达,获得一个分子量为48.8kD的融合蛋白。重组蛋白可溶性分析结果表明:融合蛋白主要为可溶性蛋白。Western blotting分析结果表明:重组蛋白可与兔抗His-tag多克隆抗体发生特异性反应,在48.8kD处有特异条带,与预期结果一致,证明重组质粒中含有dhbC基因。通过同源重组的策略将dhbC基因敲除后重新导入,验证了dhbC基因与嗜铁素的生物合成密切相关。