Chemicomechanical transduction performed by enzymes activated by polymers

Kinetic models for the mode of action of processive and non-processive DNA-helicases are detailed. Fluxes at the steady state are analyzed, and the random walk of the enzymes on the DNA is studied in connection with the rate constants of the chemical reactions involved in the transformation of substrate to products. Finally, the constants of the kinetic model for the processive helicase are related to the parameters of an analogous viscoelastic model.     

用PO4细胞为靶细胞检测人血清中Epstein-Barr病毒IgA/MA抗体以诊断鼻咽癌

近年来,常用未经丙酮固定的、由丁酸和巴豆油激活的B95-8细胞或P3HR-1细胞为靶细胞,检测人血清中EB病毒IgA/MA抗体以早期诊断鼻咽癌,效果良好。但由于B95-8细胞含有多种EB病毒抗原,不能用丙酮固定,需多次离心沉淀,在浮悬状态下检测,技术比较复杂。     

细菌(Pseudomonas maltophilia)之绒毛膜促性腺激素(hCG)结合物质之研究

 细菌(Pseudomonas moltophilia)与hCG及LH有特异的亲和力,实验发现,细菌之生长曲线与hCG结合活性成平行关系,96小时达高峰,细菌之培养液中含有可溶性结合蛋白,该蛋白经硫酸铵沉淀(80％饱和度)、Sephadex G-100柱层析、DEAE-纤维素柱0.5mol/L NaCl梯度洗脱,再过Sepharose CL-AB柱,收集之活性部分经SDS电泳测得其分子量为70,000,凝胶层析测Stokes radius为41A,Schiff氏染色未见着色带。     

石油化学工人的细胞遗传学研究——Ⅰ.染色体畸变的检测

对石油化工企业工人(180人)及非石化企业对照人群(180人)进行染色体畸变的检测,结果表明:(1)石化地区居民染色体畸变频率略高于非石化地区居民,但无显著性差异。(2)石化企业中,炼油厂污水处理车间和塑料厂污水处理车间工人的染色体畸变各项指标和对照组比较(除塑料厂污水处理车间工人的染色体畸变一项指标外)或与其它4个车间(苯酚丙酮、催化裂化、乙二醇和丁二烯)比较,都有显著或极显著的升高。4个车间分别和对照组比较,没有显著升高。(3)染色体畸变频率有季节变化,春秋季明显高于冬季和夏季。(4)对照个体中,不同性别、不同年龄组及吸烟与否,对染色体畸变的各项指标均无显著性差异。但在石化企业不同年龄工人染色体畸变率的比较中,大于或等于40岁的工人组,明显高于30岁以下各组。     

鸭类mtDNA限制性酶切图谱的比较研究

本文报道了番鸭、建昌鸭、杂交鸭(♀建昌鸭×(?)番鸭)和北京鸭的mtDNA限制性酶切图谱。限制性内切酶HindⅢ、PsiⅠ、BamHⅠ和EcoRⅠ在番鸭mtDNA上分别有(?)、2、2和1个酶切位点。建昌鸭、杂交鸭和北京鸭的mtDNA限制性酶切图谱完全一致。以上4种内切酶在这3种鸭子mtDNA上分别有5、4、2和1个位点。比较研究4种限制性图谱,我们得到三点结论:(1)鸭类mtDN种间差异程度很高;(2)家鸭很可能不存在mtDNA种内异质现象;(3)鸭类mtDNA为母性遗传。     

腺苷酸激酶在我国九个民族中的多态分布

用淀粉胶电泳及特异染色的方法,对我国9个民族的腺苷酸激酶(AK)多态分布进行了测定。9个民族中维吾尔族AK表型分布具有多态性。维吾尔族中AK_1~1基因频率为0.965,AK_1~2基因频率为0.035,而侗、回、白、土家、苗、彝、藏、满等8个民族的AK_1~2均未达到多态水平。在9个民族中AK_1表型分布均符合Hardy-Weinberg平衡,并且未发现其它罕见表型。     

克山病是一种“心肌线粒体病(Mitochondrial Cardiomyopathy)”

亚急克病人心肌线粒体内膜电子传递链的琥珀酸氧化酶系,琥珀酸脱氢酶和细胞色素氧化酶活性明显低于对照。H~ -ATP酶的活性及其对寡霉素的敏感性都明显下降。ATP能量化后线粒体膜电位的变化也比对照明显降低。膜脂流动性低于对照。亚急克病人心肌线粒体内观察到较多的电子致密无定形物质,经电镜X射线微区等方法分析,认为这些物质不是Ca_3(PO_4)_2,而可能是一种蛋白质凝聚物。此外,心肌线粒体的硒含量远低于对照,而Ca含量明显高于对照。上述结果都反映亚急克病人心肌线粒体明显损伤。根据克山病患者心肌细胞线粒体结构与功能方面呈现的如此广泛与明显的异常,可将克山病称为“心肌线粒体病(Mitochondrial Cardiomyopathy)”。     

Development of gluconeogenesis from different substrates in newborn rabbit hepatocytes

The rates of glucose production from various substrates entering gluconeogenesis at different steps were investigated in hepatocytes isolated from term-fetus and newborn rabbits fasted during the first 2 days of life. The data were compared to the rate of glucose production measured in hepatocytes from young rabbits (50-60 days) starved for 48 h. The net production of glucose from substrates (lactate, pyruvate, propionate, alanine) entering gluconeogenesis below phosphoenolpyruvate was very low at birth and increased during the first day of life, in relation with an increased cytosolic phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase activity. The net production of glucose from precursors entering gluconeogenesis at the level of triose phosphates (dihydroxyacetone, fructose) was low at birth but a maximal capacity for gluconeogenesis was reached within 6 h after birth. This enhanced gluconeogenic capacity was associated with a fall in hepatic fructose 2,6-bisphosphate concentration and a reduced glycolytic flux. In contrast, a high glucose production from galactose was already present at birth and did not rise at 24 or 48 h after delivery. These results suggest that the development of gluconeogenic capacity in hepatocytes isolated from newborn rabbit is dependent upon two factors, a decrease in the F2,6-P2 concentration which reduces the glycolytic flux and an increase in the activity of cytosolic phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase.     

Comparison of mammalian VIP bioactivities in dispersed acini from guinea pig pancreas

Mammalian VIP is identical in pig, cow, human, rat, dog and goat but differs in the guinea pig (GP) in positions 5, 9, 19, and 26. We now demonstrate that GP, goat, rat and synthetic mammalian VIP are indistinguishable in their inhibition of binding of 125I-labelled synthetic VIP to dispersed acini from GP pancreas and that GP, pig, dog, goat and synthetic VIP are also similar in their efficacy and potency in stimulating amylase release from these acini. Thus in spite of the differences in amino acid sequence, GP VIP appears to have full biologic potency in its action on dispersed acini from GP pancreas.     

七种云南地衣植物的化学成分

本文报道分属于三个科的七种云南产地衣植物的化学成分。这些植物是亚洲树发(Alectoria asiatica DR.)、沟树发(Alectoria sulcata Nyl.)、长茎松萝(Usnea longissimaAch.)、胡子松萝(Usnea comosa(Ach.)Rohl.)、林石蕊(Cladonia arbuscula(Rabh.)Rabh.)、砖孢发(Oropogon loxensis(Fee.)Th.Fr.)和卷梢雪花衣(Anaptychiaboryi(Fee.)Mass.)。根据光谱数据测定,其化学成分为:松萝酸(Usnic acid)(1),维任西酸(Virensic acid)(2),赤星衣酸乙酯(Ethyl haematommate)(3),瑞藏酸(Rhizonic acid)(4),赤星衣酸(Haematommic acid)(5),扁枝衣酸乙酯(Ethyleverninate)(6),黑茶渍素(Atranorin)(7)和泽屋萜(Zeorin)(8)。上述资料,对开发利用这些植物资源提供了科学依据。