成人腹泻轮状病毒的提纯及其高价免疫血清的制备

本文采用交叉免疫电泳技术,首先提纯了成人腹泻轮状病毒(Adult DiarrhoeaRotavirus简称:ADRV),并经电镜确认,用作免疫抗原,首次制备了高价兔与豚鼠抗ADRV血清和小鼠抗ADRV腹水,其特异性经交叉免疫电泳和对流免疫电泳鉴定,其效价经酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测均在1:2,000以上。     

Generation of Hepatitis B virus PreS2-S antigen in Hansenula polymorpha

Despite the long availability of a traditional prophylactic vaccine containing the HBV surface antigen(HBsA g) and aluminum adjuvant, nearly 10% of the population remains unable to generate an effective immune response. Previous studies have indicated that hepatitis B virus(HBV) PreS 2-S is abundant in T/B cell epitopes, which induces a stronger immune response than HBsA g, particularly in terms of cytotoxic T lymphocyte(CTL) reaction. In the current study, the HBV PreS 2-S gene encoding an extra26 amino acids(PreS 2 C-terminus) located at the N-terminus of HBsA g was cloned into the pV CH1300 expression vector. Pre S2-S expressed in the methylotrophic yeast, Hansenula polymorpha, was produced at a yield of up to 250 mg/L. Subsequent purification steps involved hydrophobic adsorption to colloidal silica, ion-exchange chromatography and density ultracentrifugation. The final product was obtained with a total yield of ~15% and purity of ~99%. In keeping with previous studies, ~22 nm viruslike particles were detected using electron microscopy. The generated PreS 2-S antigen will be further studied for efficacy and safty in animals.     

Involvement of OsPht1;4 in phosphate acquisition and mobilization facilitates embryo development in rice

Phosphate (Pi) transporters mediate acquisition and transportation of Pi within plants. Here, we investigated the functions of OsPht1;4 (OsPT4), one of the 13 members of the Pht1 family in rice. Quantitative real‐time RT‐PCR analysis revealed strong expression of OsPT4 in roots and embryos, and OsPT4 promoter analysis using reporter genes confirmed these findings. Analysis using rice protoplasts showed that OsPT4 localized to the plasma membrane. OsPT4 complemented a yeast mutant defective in Pi uptake, and also facilitated increased accumulation of Pi in Xenopus oocytes. Further, OsPT4 genetically modified (GM) rice lines were generated by knockout/knockdown or over‐expression of OsPT4. Pi concentrations in roots and shoots were significantly lower and higher in knockout/knockdown and over‐expressing plants, respectively, compared to wild‐type under various Pi regimes. ³³Pi uptake translocation assays corroborated the altered acquisition and mobilization of Pi in OsPT4 GM plants. We also observed effects of altered expression levels of OsPT4 in GM plants on the concentration of Pi, the size of the embryo, and several attributes related to seed development. Overall, our results suggest that OsPT4 encodes a plasma membrane‐localized Pi transporter that facilitates acquisition and mobilization of Pi, and also plays an important role in development of the embryo in rice.     

棉籽中游离棉酚的含量测定

用紫外分光光度法测定棉籽中游离棉酚的含量。脱除棉酚的棉籽乙醚提取物经石油醚和 75 %乙醇分离和纯化后 ,用 0 .5 %对氨基苯磺酸显色来检测棉籽中游离棉酚的含量 ,结果表明 ,该方法具有简便、重现性好、回收率高达 97%以上等优点 ,可作为棉籽中游离棉酚质量控制方法。     

血管钠肽对中度低氧诱导的心肌细胞蛋白合成有抑制作用

实验探讨了心房钠尿肽家族新成员血管钠肽（vasonatrin peptide,VNP)对中度低氧诱导的心肌细胞蛋白合成的影响,在培养的新生大鼠心肌细胞上,用四唑盐（MTT）比色实验,总蛋白含量测定和^3H-亮氨酸掺入实验等方法观察细胞数和蛋白合成情况,并用放免法测定VNP对细胞内环鸟苷酸（cGMP)和环腺苷酸（cAMP)以及培养上清液中内皮素含理的影响,探讨VNP的作用机制,结果显示,重度低氧24h,心肌细胞数和蛋白合成均降低,而中度低氧显著增加蛋白的合成,具有促心肌细胞肥大的作用,VNP浓度依赖性地抑制中度低氧诱导的心肌细胞蛋白合成增加,并且升高细胞内cGMP水平,降低低氧诱导的培养上清液中内皮素的含量,结果提示,VNP抑制中度低氧诱导的新生大鼠心肌细胞蛋白合成增加,该作用与其升高细胞内cGMP浓度、降低低氧诱导的内皮素合成和/或释放增加有关。     

人工食物对高原鼠兔稳定性碳和氮同位素组成的影响

以玉米面、小米面和绿豆粉 (质量比为 5∶3∶2 )的混合食物饲喂青藏高原地区特有种高原鼠兔 ,4 0d后断头杀死 ,取其后腿肌肉测定稳定性碳和氮同位素组成。结果表明 ,用混合食物饲喂后 ,高原鼠兔的稳定性碳同位素比值显著升高 ,由对照的 (- 2 4 6 6± 0 2 5 )‰上升为 (- 19 0 5± 0 0 9)‰ ;稳定性氮同位素的组成变化较小 ,仅由对照的 (3 2 8± 0 13)‰增加为饲喂后的 (3 6 1± 0 32 )‰。经人工食物饲喂后 ,高原鼠兔与其食物间稳定性碳同位素的分馏效应为 4 73‰ ,稳定性氮同位素的分馏效应为 2 79‰。C4组分食物的加入影响高原鼠兔的稳定性同位素 (特别是氮同位素 )代谢模式 ,其稳定性同位素代谢周转率可能高于原来预测的 4 0d。     

液相芯片MASA技术用于儿童呼吸道感染病原学研究

利用多靶点液相芯片(Multi-Analyte Suspension Array,MASA)技术对引起儿童呼吸道感染(respiratorytract infections,RTI)的病原,包括人类呼吸道合胞病毒A型和B型(Human respiratory syncytial virus A and B,RSVA、RSVB)、严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒(Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus,SARS-CoV)、流行性感冒病毒A型和B型(Influenza A virus and Influenza B virus,INFa,INFb)、副流感病毒1型和3型(Parainfluenza virus 1 and 3,PIV1,PIV3)、衣原体(C.pneumoniae,CPN)和支原体(M.pneumomae,MPN)进行了病原学研究.我们采集并分析了140例患典型呼吸道感染症状儿童的咽拭子,发现在这些标本中至少被前述的一种病原感染的标本有95例,阳性率为67.86%.结果显示这些标本中上述病原感染的情况分别为RSVB感染的患儿占35.71%、PIV3感染的占4.29%、INFa感染的占28.57%、INFb感染的占2.14%、MPN感染的占3.57%、CPN感染的占17.86%,被两种以上病原混合感染的患儿有17.14%.这些标本中都没有检测到RSVA、PIV1和SARS-CoV病原的感染.RSVB病原的感染率在3岁以下的患儿中明显高于3岁以上的患儿,而INFa的感染情况则相反;在上呼吸道感染患儿中检测到INFa病原感染的比例明显高于下呼吸道感染,而RSVB病原感染的情况相反.此外,我们发现在2005年3月-5月中造成武汉地区儿童呼吸道感染的主要病原是以RSVB、INFa、CPN为主,而RSVB感染则又是引起儿童下呼吸道感染和引起低龄儿童呼吸道感染的重要病原.     

水稻OsTB1基因的结构及其表达分析

TCP基因是一类植物中新发现的、可能具有转录因子活性的基因家族,成员包括金鱼草的Cyclodiea (Cyc)、玉米的Teosinte Branched1 (TB1)以及水稻中的PCF1、PCF2等.玉米的TB1基因有维持玉米顶端优势的作用,与分蘖的发生密切相关;水稻和玉米同属禾本科,在发育的过程中都有分蘖的发生.通过筛选水稻的基因组文库,得到了水稻中的一个TB1同源基因Oryza sativa Teosinte Branched1 (OsTB1).该基因不含内含子,基因编码一个长度为388个氨基酸的蛋白,在氨基酸水平上与TB1的同源性为70%,含有保守的TCP区和R区,是属于TCP基因家族的一个成员.RT-PCR和mRNA原位杂交分析结果表明,OsTB1在水稻的侧芽中有很强的表达,在花序中有较弱的表达.以上结果显示该基因可能在水稻侧芽和花序的起始和发育过程中起重要作用.     

LDL coating pVEGF/polyethylenimine complex enhances vascular endothelial growth factor expression

The major limitations to non-viral gene delivery are relatively low efficiency and cytotoxicity, which need to be addressed in the design of new vectors. In this study, negatively charged low density lipoproteins (LDL) were coated onto positively charged pVEGF/PEI complexes to form pVEGF/PEI/LDL terplexes by a two-step procedure. The biocompatible LDL was introduced to reduce the cytotoxicity of the gene delivery system and increase its affinity to cells. The successful formation of pVEGF/PEI/ LDL terplexes was confirmed by their near-neutral and slightly negative surface charges. The pVEGF/PEI/LDL terplexes were well-defined sub-micron spherical particles. On the cell viability assay, both of the PEI/LDL combined vector and pVEGF/PEI/LDL terplexes exhibited much lower cytotoxicity to HeLa cells and HUVE cells than those of PEI and pVEGF/PEI complexes, attributed to the shielding effect of the LDL. pEGFP/PEI/LDL terplexes showed significantly higher transfection efficiency in comparison to pEGFP/PEI complexes in serum-containing medium. pVEGF/PEI/LDL terplexes at their optimal N/P ratio and LDL/PEI weigh ratio induced higher expression levels of VEGF protein in HUVE cells than those of pVEGF/PEI complexes. Therefore, the pVEGF/PEI/LDL terplexes could be used as a promising gene delivery system to enhance VEGF protein expression.