用免疫荧光单克隆抗体对脊髓灰质炎病毒抗原表位的分析

用间接免疫荧光与中和试验筛选出来的抗脊髓灰质炎2型与3型不同毒株的12个单克隆抗体,其中3个仅有免疫荧光活性,9个具有中和与免疫荧光活性。用免疫荧光活性的单克隆抗体进行试验,发现它们在识别特异性抗原表位方面与中和性单克隆抗体相似,显示出株特异的、几个毒株共同特异的或型特异的抗原表位。根据表位分布关系及特征,可以用来鉴别型内毒株的特征、毒株的抗原分析、抗原变异的研究以及疫苗相关病例的鉴别。所得结果与中和性单克抗隆抗体及T1-寡核苷酸指纹图谱分析一致。而免疫荧光单克隆抗体识别抗原表位的活性范围比中和性单克隆抗体更广。另外还发现某些兼有荧光与中和两活性的同一个单克隆抗体,用不同方法(IF与NT)进行试验时,与相同毒株出现不同表位反应,这点是值得引起注意需待进一步证实的重要问题。     

甘蔗叶不同部位ATP酶活性细胞化学定位

甘蔗叶片,叶鞘和肥厚带韧皮部 ATP 酶活性定位于筛管、伴胞的质膜、内质网和某些伴胞细胞基质、小囊泡和发育成熟的液泡上;叶片韧皮部薄壁细胞、厚壁细胞和厚壁通道细胞质膜及小囊泡中亦显示有 ATP 水解产物;维管束鞘细咆与厚壁细胞或厚壁通道细胞所构成的细胞间隙上也存在有 ATP 酶活性反应产物沉淀。甘蔗叶片大、中、小三种维管束,从小维管束到大维管束,面向细胞间隙的细胞表面上的 ATP 酶活性逐渐增强,而维管束鞘细胞质膜上的 ATP 酶活性则趋于减弱;同一维管束内则以韧皮部细胞的 ATP 酶活性最强。维管束鞘细胞与叶肉细胞之间存在很多的胞间连丝,并表现出高的 ATP 酶活性。讨论了 ATP 酶活性的分布状态与叶肉细胞的光合产物向韧皮部运输的关系。     

聚合酶链式反应检测结核杆菌的研究

以人型结核杆菌基因组DNA为模板,合成二段引物各20个碱基进行聚合酶链式反应(PCR)。经琼脂糖凝胶电泳证实,获得一条245bp扩增带。PCR检测的敏感性染色体基因组DNA为1pg,菌悬液为13个活菌／ml。在特异性试验中,人型结核杆趋,牛型结核杆菌、BCG可见此扩增带。被试的其它14种扰酸菌以及变铅青链霉菌、大肠杆菌质粒Puc19、星状诺卡氏菌、红球菌均未见该扩增带。54例肺结核痰标本3种方法检查的阳性率分别为：萋尼氏抗酸染色16．7％,培养法14．8％,PCR 37．0％。前2种检查方法分别与PCR比较,经统计学处理均有显著性差异(P<0．01)。12例非结核性肺部疾患痰标本抗酸染色和PCR均为阴性。结果表明,PCR技术是快速、敏感、特异诊断结核病的方法。     

Preliminary study of the distribution of the toxic elements As,Cd, and Hg in human hair and tissues by RNAA

In order to study the relationships between trace element concentrations of hair and internal body burdens, a radiochemical NAA technique has been used for determination of the elements As, Cd, and Hg in autopsy samples of liver, kidney-cortex, lung, and hair from 24 male persons who died by accident. High significant positive correlations were observed between the As concentration in hair and in kidney-cortex, and between Cd and Zn concentrations in kidney-cortex. The contents of Cd, both for lung and kidney-cortex, were related to the smoking habits of the subjects.

     

辽西半干旱地区春小麦农田水分循环特征的研究

一、研究地区的生态条件概述辽西属暖温带半干旱低山丘陵区,自然条件差,干旱少雨,干燥度为1.2左右,年均降水量为480.1mm,可能蒸散量为551.7mm,水分亏缺严重,而且70—75%的雨水降子6—8月份,春季偏少。舂季气温回升快,风速大,土壤水分蒸发损失严重,因此春旱频繁,并经常     

RFLP mapping of QTLs for yield and related characters in rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Quantitative triat loci (QTLs) for yield and related traits in rice were mapped based on RFLP maps from two indica/indica F₂ populations, Tesanai 2/CB and Waiyin 2/CB. In Tesanai 2/CB, 14 intervals carrying QTLs for eight traits were detected, including 3 for grain weight per plant (GWT), 2 for number of panicles per plant (NP), 2 for number of grains per panicle (NG), 1 for total number of spikelets per panicle (TNS), 1 for spikelet fertility (SF), 3 for 1000-grain weight (TGWT), 1 for spikelet density (SD), and 1 for number of first branches per main panicle. The 3 QTLs for GWT were located on chromosomes 1, 2, and 4, with 1 in each chromosome. The additive effect of the single locus ranged from 2.0 g to 9.1 g. A major gene (np4) for NP was detected on chromosome 4 within the interval of RG143–RG214, about 4cM for RG143, and this locus explained 26.1% of the observed phenotypic variance for NP. The paternal allele of this locus was responsible for reduced panicles per plant (3 panicles per plant). In another population, Waiyin 2/CB, 12 intervals containing QTLs for six of the above-mentioned traits were detected, including 3 for GWT, 2 for each of NP, TNS, TGWT and SD, 1 for SF. Three QTLs for GWT were located on chromosome 1, 4, and 5, respectively. The additive effect of the single locus for GWT ranged from 6.7 g to 8.8 g, while the dominance effect was 1.7–11.5 g. QTL mapping in two populations with a common male parent is compared and discussed.     

厚叶景天组织传感器的研究

利用厚叶景天的叶和茎组织作为生物催化材料,分别同二氧化碳气敏电极和氨气敏电极组合,研制了L－精氨酸传感器及,L－赖氨酸传感器。两种传感器的线性范围分别为1.0×10^-4 1.O×10^-3mol/L和8．0×10^-5—3.0×10^-3mol/L．检测下限分别为3．2×10^-5mol／L和2.2×10^-5mol/L,响应斜率分别为42.2mV／dec和41．4mv／dec。考察了两种传感器的回收率．结果表明,L－精氨酸传感器和L－赖氨酸传感器的回收率平均值分别为98．6％和101.6％,标准偏差分别为4.6％和4.0％。     

小麦－黑麦－中间偃麦草三属杂种F_1及其花粉植株的细胞遗传学研究

２个小麦－黑麦－中间偃麦草三属杂种Ｆ１的减数分裂方为复杂,中期Ⅰ染色体平均每细胞构型为１９．５３Ⅰ＋１３．４７Ⅱ＋０．７０Ⅲ＋０．０６Ⅳ和１９．９９Ⅰ＋１３．４２Ⅱ＋０．６５Ⅲ＋０．０４Ⅳ＋０．０１Ⅴ,后期Ⅰ染色体分配不平衡,单价体并不一定排列在赤道板上,产生各种类型的异常四分体。１８株花粉植株染色体组成类型多样,在２个花粉植株中分别观察到端体和等臂染色体。单倍体花粉植株中期Ⅰ染色体配对频率较高,交叉值为１．５１－３．８５。本文还讨论了三属杂种和花药培养的结合应用。     

催乳素对大鼠前列腺上皮细胞内雄激素受体和5α－还原酶活性的影响

本实验建立了无血清培养的大鼠前列腺上皮细胞内雄激素受体（ＡＲ）的测定方法,并研究了催乳素（ＰＲＬ）对细胞内ＡＲ数量和５α－还原酶活性的影响。结果表明：ＰＲＬ使前列腺上皮细胞内ＡＲ数量显著增加,其中１０ｎｇ／ｍｌＰＲＬ的作用最强,但高剂量的ＰＲＬ则失去对ＡＲ的刺激作用。ＰＲＬ还能拮抗雄激素引起的其自身受体的下调作用,使受体的数量回升至对照组水平。对５α－还原酶的催化产物双氢睾酮（ＤＨＴ）的测定结果显示ＰＲＬ对ＤＨＴ的产生无明显影响,提示ＰＲＬ对５α－还原酶的活性无显著影响。     

Studies on atrophic change of soleus muscle and its countermeasures in suspended rat

In the environment of microgravity, the disused atrophy of skeletal muscle, especially leg's muscle, would occur. The three purposes of this study were: 1. To observe the dynamic changes of disused atrophy of skeletal muscle under simulated weightlessness; 2. To approach the mechanism of disused atrophy of muscle; 3. To approach the countermeasures for reducing the degree of atrophy of muscle.