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51.
52.
S. Lewi 《BMJ (Clinical research ed.)》1954,2(4883):336-338
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Background
Amino acid repeat-containing proteins have a broad range of functions and their identification is of relevance to many experimental biologists. In human-infective protozoan parasites (such as the Kinetoplastid and Plasmodium species), they are implicated in immune evasion and have been shown to influence virulence and pathogenicity. RepSeq is a new database of amino acid repeat-containing proteins found in lower eukaryotic pathogens. The RepSeq database is accessed via a web-based application which also provides links to related online tools and databases for further analyses. 相似文献54.
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Makarewicz J Adamczewski Z Rutkowski A Mikosiński S Knapska-Kucharska M Gonerska-Szadkowska A Oszukowska L Karwowska A Lewiński A 《Endokrynologia Polska》2006,57(4):370-373
INTRODUCTION: Evaluation of the differential value of the first thyroglobulin (Tg) concentration, measured after thyroidectomy (Tx) but before thyroid remnant ablation, in patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) as a marker of either metastases or residual cancer (M). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Data from 517 patients with DTC after Tx, with follow-up > 1.5 year were analysed retrospectively. Patients in whom either the course of the disease was unclear or interference in the Tg test was possible (a-TgAb [+], Tg recovery < 80%) were excluded from the study. Finally, the data from 247 patients were evaluated (age: 14-79 years; 223 women, 24 men). The results of TSH, thyroid radioiodine uptake (T(up24)), thyroid remnant volume (V) and Tg in patients with diagnosed M (group M1; n = 35) were compared with the same parameters in patients with remission > 1.5 year (group M0; n = 212). The area under the ROC curve was calculated. The clinical decision limit of Tg level to be suggestive of metastases was determined by means of efficiency curve. RESULTS: Groups M0 and M1 did not differ from each other with respect to TSH concentration (median 49.7 mIU/l vs 44.3; p = 0.16) or thyroid remnant volume (1.4 vs 1.1 ml; p = 0.79). However, they did differ with respect to T(up24) (7.6 vs 3.2%; p = 0.01) and Tg (4.5 vs 96.7 ng/ml; p = 0.000000). Area under ROC for Tg was 0.78 +/- 0.05 (mean +/- s.e.m.). The decision limit of Tg for suspected M was determined at 38.1 ng/ml, Tg sensitivity was 0.57 (95%CI 0.39-0.74) and specificity 0.96 (95%CI 0.92-0.98). CONCLUSIONS: First thyroglobulin concentration, determined after thyroidectomy but before other treatment, is higher in patients with metastatic DTC than in patients without such metastases. This indicates that Tg level may be used as an early marker of either residual or metastatic DTC (even if thyroid remnants are present). 相似文献
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Słowińska-Klencka D Sporny S Klencki M Popowicz B Lewiński A 《Endokrynologia Polska》2006,57(4):299-306
INTRODUCTION: Lowered and non-homogenous echogenicity in patients with chronic thyroiditis (CT) may cause problems in revealing focal lesions in ultrasound scans. Moreover, frequent anisocytosis of thyroid follicular cells and of oncocytes may falsely suggest neoplastic growth. The aim of the study was to evaluate the frequency of CT diagnosed in patients subjected to fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) of the thyroid in years 1994-2005, as well as to assess the cancer frequency in the operated patients with CT. MATERIAL AND METHODS: As much as 23 173 cytological reports and corresponding outcomes were analyzed and in patients treated surgically verified against postoperative histopathological examinations. Moreover, the analysis of cytological smears in CT with distinguishing its types (lymphocytic, epithelial-hyperplastic, colloidal, oxyphillic) was performed in 50 patients; the changes between subsequent FNABs in the picture of the smears were also assessed. RESULTS: The frequency of diagnosed CT had been increasing in the evaluated time span from 2.6% to 9.7% (p < 0.0001). There were 11 cases of papillary carcinoma found coexisting with CT. The analysis of cytological types of CT showed that the lymphocytic type prevailed over the others (lymphocytic - 43%, colloidal--21%, epithelial-hyperplastic--20%, oxyphilic--16%, p < 0.001). The evolution in time of the cytological picture was observed. CONCLUSION: The increase in the frequency of CT observed in smears obtained from the thyroid gland and the reports on the coexistence of CT with papillary carcinoma suggest the necessity of prudent diagnostics and follow-up of patients with CT. 相似文献
57.
Adamczewski Z Makarewicz J Mikosiński S Knapska-Kucharska M Gunerska-Szadkowska A Oszukowska L Karwowska A Lewiński A 《Endokrynologia Polska》2006,57(4):403-406
INTRODUCTION: The loss of iodine uptake by differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) cells is a major therapeutic problem especially in patients with nonsurgical metastatic foci or local recurrence. Using 13-cis-retinoic acid, it was attempted to retain iodine uptake as a result of redifferentiation (influence by retinoic acid receptors present in DTC cells). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Between 1999 and 2005, 13-cis-retinoic acid was used in 11 patients with disseminated PTC and high serum level of thyroglobulin (Tg) before (131)I treatment (2 patients were treated twice - 13 treatment cycles in total). Side effects in skin and mucous membranes were observed in all the patients, however, their intensity did not require termination of the therapy. RESULTS: Increase of iodine uptake was observed in 5 patients (45%). Decreased Tg concentration was observed in 9 patients. In that group, increased (131)I uptake was observed in 4 patients with distant metastases. All determinations of Tg concentrations were carried out under TSH stimulation. CONCLUSIONS: 13-cis-retinoic acid causes an increase of radioiodine uptake in around half of treated patients, however, the follow-up of these patients indicates that this increase does not result in either full remission or even stabilisation of neoplastic disease. The possibility should be considered to use cis-retinoic acid as an independent therapeutic approach in patients with radioiodine non-avid foci of thyroid carcinoma especially those showing high expression of RARb and RXRg receptors. 相似文献
58.
Oren Hasson and Lewi Stone 《Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society》2009,84(2):225-244
Females that are socially bonded to a single male, either in a social monogamy or in a social polygyny, are often sexually polyandrous. Extrapair copulations (EPC) have often been suggested or rejected, on both empirical and theoretical grounds, as an important mechanism that enables females to avoid fertility risks in case their socially bonded male is infertile. Here, we explore this possibility in two steps. First, we present a mathematical model that assumes that females have no precopulatory information about male fertility, and shows that a female EPC strategy increases female reproductive success only if certain specific conditions are upheld in the nature of male infertility. In particular, these conditions require both (i) that fertile sperm precedence (FSP) is absent or incomplete within ejaculates of the same male (i.e. that an infertile male is, at least partly, truly infertile), and (ii) the existence of FSP among ejaculates of different males (such that infertile spermatozoa of the infertile male are at a disadvantage when competing against spermatozoa of a fertile male). Second, to evaluate their potential role in the evolution of female EPC, we review the abundance and FSP patterns of the different male infertility types. The conclusion is drawn that some common infertility types, such as poor sperm count or motility, contribute to the evolution of female EPC, whereas other common infertility types, such as sperm depletion or allocation in a social monogamy (but not in a social polygyny), and in particular male driven polyspermy, do not. Also, a deeper look at the arms race between sperm fertilization efficiency and female barriers to sperm may answer the non‐trivial question: “why are some types of infertility so common?” 相似文献
59.
Jarząb B Sporny S Lange D Włoch J Lewiński A Bałdys-Waligórska A Barczyński M Bręborowicz D Brzeziński J Bruszewska E Chmielik E Chosia M Czarniecka A Czetwertyńska M Dedecjus M Domagała W Drabik G Dusza-Kozera J Dzięcioł J Handkiewicz-Junak D Hasse-Lazar K Herman K Hilarowicz-Pacanowska E Jakubowski W Jarząb B Jastrzębska H Jaworska M Jurecka-Lubieniecka B Kaczka K Kalemba M Kalicka-Kasperczyk A Konturek A Kos-Kudła B Kowalska A Kozłowicz-Gudzińska I Krajewska J Krawczyk A Kropińska A 《Endokrynologia Polska》2010,61(5):518-568
60.