Antibiotic sensitivity and pyocin dependence of clinical strains of Ps. aeruginosa]

The effect of antibiotics on clinical strains of Ps. aeruginosa was analyzed. It shown that 92 per cent of the strains had multiple resistance to the most of the antibiotics used in the clinic. All the strains were sensitive to gentamicin and polymyxin. The apyocinogenic strains of Ps. aeruginosa were more sensitive to the effect of the antibiotics than the pyocinogenic ones.     

Pharmacological correction of experimental alcoholic embryopathy

In the experiments on the progeny of ethanol-exposed rats it was shown that consumption of 15% alcohol instead of water during pregnancy resulted in the worsening of shuttlebox avoidance learning and decrease in succinate dehydrogenase activity in the visual and sensorimotor cortex. These data are indicative of cerebral hypoxia during embryogenesis. The injection of synthetic opioid peptide dalargin during critical periods of development (at the end of embryogenesis and early ontogeny) prevented partially the disturbances of higher nervous activity and tissue breathing which were induced by alcohol intoxication. Possible mechanisms of positive dalargin effect are discussed.     

Development of hypothalamic control over thyrotropin secretion during human prenatal life]

It was shown in the tissue culture experiments that the human hypophysis secreted autonomously the thyrotrophin during the last three fourths of the prenatal life. The intensity of secretion is the highest in the end of the first third of this period, then it decreases, but during the last third it increases reliably again. During the second half of development the level of thyrotrophin in female foetuses in reliably higher than in the male ones. In the beginning of the second third of prenatal life, the hypothalamic factors decrease the autonomous thyrotrophin secretion twice in foetuses of both the sexes. In the end of the second third, sexual differences appear in their effect; they decrease reliably the autonomous thyrotrophin secretion in the male foetuses, whereas no such effect is observed in the female ones. The stimulating effect of the hypothalamic thyrotrophin releasing hormone manifests itself during the last third of prenatal life in foetuses of both the sexes. During the second half of prenatal life, the thyrotrophin concentration in blood of female foetuses is also reliably higher than in male foetuses. There is a positive correlation in female foetuses between the thyrotrophin concentration in blood and the level of hypophysial secretion under the effect of hypothalamic factors. Thyrotrophin is found in the cranial fluid of foetuses. In some cases its concentration in the cranial fluid is higher than in the blood. No correlation was found between the levels of the hormone in fluid and blood in female foetuses; a positive correlation was found in male foteuses.     

Stabilization of standard samples of levorin and nystatin with antioxidants]

To prolong the storage period of the reference samples of levorin and nystatin, polyenic macrolide antibiotics, their effect of 23 antioxidants was studied by using rapid inactivation. The antioxidants belonged to compounds of different classes. The inactivation was performed at 20, 37 and 50 degrees C in the presence of 1, 2 or 5 per cent of the antioxidants. An antioxidant of the class of partially hydrated oxyquinolines was shown to have the highest stabilizing action on levorin and nystatin. It may be recommended for stabilizing the levorin and nystatin reference samples.     

Pathogenicity of clinical strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa]

The study of 208 Ps. aeruginosa clinical strains, introduced intraperitoneally into white mice, revealed the statistically significant prevalence of pathogenic cultures (87.5--100%). The pathogenic strains of Ps. aeruginosa were found to have statistically significant differences in their cultural and biochemical properties depending on the kind of clinical material: the strains isolated from blood formed mucoid colonies, the zones of hemolysis and thermolabile or thermostable alkaline phosphatase, and typing could be made in 100% of the isolated cultures; the strains isolated from material of closed cavities formed mucoid colonies and the zones of hemolysis; the pathogenic strains isolated from material of open cavities showed only a tendency towards greater activity in the formation of extracellular sline and greater capacity for the formation of clarification zones on yolk agar as compared with nonpathogenic cultures.     

Characteristics of nonspecific resistance in children with lung diseases due to opportunistic microflora

Acute destructive pneumonia in children was found to be complicated by acute pleural empyema (APE) on days 3-21 of the disease. The time of the development of this complication depended on the state of the nonspecific resistance of the body: the greater was the degree of deficiency as manifested by cell-mediated and humoral immunity indices, the earlier developed APE. Staphylococci and Pseudomonas aeruginosa infected the pleural cavity of children under the conditions of essentially decreased phagocytic activity, phagocytic index, C'H50 and one of the classes of immunoglobulin. The reaction of the body to staphylococci and P. aeruginosa took its course after the type of primary or secondary immune response, depending on the time of infection.