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Gender differences in eicosanoid production from macrophages of arthritis-susceptible mice 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
C A Leslie W A Gonnerman E S Cathcart 《Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)》1987,138(2):413-416
Collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) in rodents is an experimental animal model that shares many clinical and pathologic findings with rheumatoid arthritis in man. Our previous findings suggested that the amelioration of CIA in mice by a fish oil diet was associated with macrophage accumulation and metabolism of eicosapentaenoic acid and a subsequently altered prostaglandin (PG) profile. In these experiments, we examined the role of gender and found that macrophages from female arthritis-susceptible B10.RIII or B10.G mice synthesized more PG and thromboxane than macrophages isolated from the males. Compared with males, female mice had higher circulating anti-type II collagen antibodies but were less likely to develop CIA. Females, especially those on a fish oil diet, developed a much less severe disease than the males. This supports our hypothesis that the type and/or amount of eicosanoid produced from the macrophage may alter the course of experimentally induced arthritis. 相似文献
24.
Play behavior and stress-associated behavior of a captive juvenile gorilla were observed before and after his transfer to a larger and more natural environment. The gorilla was observed for 4 months after the transfer and at 1 and 4 years after the transfer. Throughout his first month in the new environment play decreased dramatically. Although play subsequently increased again 2 months and 1 year after the transfer, it never reached the levels of play in the old environment. Four years after the move his play had decreased again to the low level of his first month in the new environment. Two of his stress-associated behaviors, coprophagy and regurgitation/reingestion, decreased after the transfer. Self-clasping behavior increased initially in the new environment and remained at high levels 1 year after the move. Four years after the move his self-clasping behavior was significantly less than at 1 year after the move; however, it continued to be significantly greater than in the old environment. These findings suggest that larger and more natural environments do not necessarily result in more play activity or a reduction in all stress-associated behavior. 相似文献
25.
The human alpha satellite repetitive DNA family is organized as distinct chromosomal subsets located at the centromeric regions of each human chromosome. Here, we describe a subset of the alpha satellite which is localized to human chromosome 11. The principal unit of repetition of this alpha satellite subset is an 850 bp XbaI fragment composed of five tandem diverged alphoid monomers, each 171 bp in length. The pentamer repeat units are themselves tandemly reiterated, present in 500 copies per chromosome 11. In filter hybridization experiments, the Alpha 11 probes are specific for the centromeric alpha satellite sequences of human chromosome 11. The complete nucleotide sequences of two independent copies of the XbaI pentamer reveal a pentameric configuration shared with the alphoid repeats of chromosomes 17 and X, consistent with the existence of an ancestral pentameric repeat common to the centromeric arrays of at least these three human chromosomes. 相似文献
26.
When young wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) or barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) plants were deprived of an external sulphate supply (-S plants), the capacity of their roots to absorb sulphate, but not phosphate or potassium, increased rapidly (derepression) so that after 3–5 d it was more than tenfold that of sulphate-sufficient plants (+S plants). This increased capacity was lost rapidly (repression) over a 24-h period when the sulphate supply was restored. There was little effect on the uptake of L-methionine during de-repression of the sulphate-transport system, but S input from methionine during a 24-h pretreatment repressed sulphate influx in both+S and-S plants.Sulphate influx of both+S and-S plants was inhibited by pretreating roots for 1 h with 4,4-diisothiocyanatostilbene-2,2-disulphonic acid (DIDS) at concentrations > 0.1 mol · m-3. This inhibition was substantially reversed by washing for 1 h in DIDS-free medium before measuring influx. Longer-term pretreatment of roots with 0.1 mol·m-3 DIDS delayed de-repression of the sulphatetransport system in-S plants but had no influence on+S plants in 3 d.The sulphydryl-binding reagent, n-ethylmaleimide, was a very potent inhibitor of sulphate influx in-S roots, but was much less inhibitory in +S roots. Its effects were essentially irreversible and were proportionately the same at all sulphate concentrations within the range of operation of the high-affinity sulphate-transport system. Inhibition of influx was 85–96% by 300 s pretreatment by 0.3 mol·m-3
n-ethylmaleimide. No protection of the transport system could be observed by including up to 50 mol·m-3 sulphate in the n-ethylmaleimide pre-treatment solution. A similar differential sensitivity of-S and+S plants was seen with p-chloromercuriphenyl sulphonic acid.The arginyl-binding reagent, phenylglyoxal, supplied to roots at 0.25 or 1 mol·m-3 strongly inhibited influx in-S wheat plants (by up to 95%) but reduced influx by only one-half in+S plants. The inhibition of sulphate influx in-S plants was much greater than that of phosphate influx and could not be prevented by relatively high (100 mol·m-3 sulphate concentrations accompanying phenylglyoxal treatment. Effects of phenylglyoxal pretreatment were unchanged for at least 30 min after its removal from the solution but thereafter the capacity for sulphate influx was restored. The amount of new carrier appearing in-S roots was far greater than in+S roots over a 24-h period.The results indicate that, in the de-repressed state, the sulphate transporter is more sensitive to reagents binding sulphydryl and arginyl residues. This suggests a number of strategies for identifying the proteins involved in sulphate transport.Abbreviations DIDS
4,4-diisothiocyanatostilbene-2,2-disulphonic acid
- NEM
n-ethylmaleimide
- PCMBS
p-chloromercuriphenyl sulphonic acid 相似文献
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G R Newton P J Hansen F W Bazer M V Leslie D C Stephenson B G Low 《Biology of reproduction》1989,40(2):417-424
Allantoic and amniotic fluids were collected on Days 60 (n = 3), 100 (n = 4), and 140 (n = 3) of pregnancy. The presence of uterine milk proteins (UTM-proteins) in these samples was evaluated by Ouchterlony immunodiffusion and enzyme-linked immunoabsorbant assay (ELISA). Eight of ten samples of allantoic fluid and three of ten samples of amniotic fluid produced one or two immunoprecipitin bands against antiserum to UTM-proteins. Each band fused with immunoprecipitin bands from UTM-proteins purified from uterine fluid. Data from a semi-quantitative ELISA indicated that allantoic fluid from all ewes and amniotic fluid from six of ten ewes contained immunoreactive UTM-proteins. Concentrations of UTM-proteins in these fluids were not statistically affected by day of gestation (p greater than 0.10), but tended to decline as gestation advanced. Greater concentrations of UTM-proteins were detected in allantoic fluid than in amniotic fluid (p less than 0.05). The physical characteristics of the immunoreactive material in allantoic and amniotic fluids were examined by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and Western blotting. The immunoreactive material was found to possess pIs and molecular weights identical to UTM-proteins. These results indicate that fetal fluids contain material that reacts with antiserum to UTM-proteins and has physical properties similar to UTM-proteins. It is likely, therefore, that the UTM-proteins are transported across the placenta during gestation, perhaps to serve some function in the fetal compartment. 相似文献
29.
Common expression of a tumor necrosis factor resistance mechanism among gynecological malignancies 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
C. Bethan Powell David G. Mutch L. Stewart Massad Ming-Shian Kao John Leslie Collins 《Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII》1990,32(2):131-136
Summary The efficacy of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) as an anticancer agent is limited. This limitation might be related to the expression of a protein-synthesis-dependent resistance mechanism that prevents the lysis of tumor cells by TNF. To test this possibility eight randomly selected human cell lines, three derived from ovarian carcinomas and five derived from cervical carcinomas, were tested for their in vitro sensitivity to TNF-mediated lysis. The results of this analysis showed that all eight cell lines are normally resistant to lysis by TNF. However, in the presence of inhibitors of protein synthesis, seven of them showed a significant increase in TNF-mediated lysis. Measurement of protein synthesis showed that there is a linear correlation between the level of inhibition of protein synthesis and the level of TNF-mediated lysis. The fact that seven of eight randomly selected cell lines are resistant to TNF because they express a protein-synthesis-dependent resistance mechanism suggests that this mechanism of resistance may be common among gynecological cancers. The results also suggest that a therapy involving TNF and inhibitors of protein synthesis might be useful for the treatment of gynecological malignancies. 相似文献
30.
Guinea-pig hepatocytes whose plasma membranes were rendered permeable by treatment with saponin, accumulated 45calcium in the presence of potassium oxalate and ATP. The uptake was linear with time for up to one hour when high-capacity EGTA buffers were used (5mM). In the presence of a supra-maximal concentration of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate, under conditions minimising metabolism of this calcium-mobilising messenger, 45calcium accumulation was inhibited by about 40% for a period of one hour. Electron microscopic examination of the cells, revealed the presence of electron dense precipitates. Electron microprobe analysis of the precipitates indicated that they constituted the majority of the oxalate-dependent calcium uptake. The precipitates were located throughout the non-nuclear regions of the cells. Cells treated with inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate contained fewer precipitates, but high cell-to-cell variability prevented conclusions as to the precise location of the pool sensitive to inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate. These results support the previous contention that a fraction of endoplasmic reticulum is completely emptied of calcium by maximal concentrations of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate, while another fraction is insensitive to this action. In addition, these findings indicate that the pool of intracellular calcium on which inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate acts is oxalate-permeable, and that the calcium-releasing action of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate does not desensitise within one hour. 相似文献