努布拉鼠兔(Ochotona nubrica Thomas,1922)的分类订正

努布拉鼠兔(Ochotona nubrica)的分类地位迄今未能得到合理解决,曾被列为草原鼠兔(O.pusilla)、灰鼠兔(O.roylei)或藏鼠兔(O.thibetana)的同物异名。作者根据原始文献、地模标本及邻近地模产地的标本与有关的鼠兔种类进行对比研究,证实了努布拉鼠兔既不同于藏鼠兔,也不同于灰鼠兔,而是一个有效物种。     

Genomic DNA sequence for human C-reactive protein

The gene for the prototype acute phase reactant, C-reactive protein, has been isolated from two lambda phage libraries containing inserted human DNA fragments using synthetic oligonucleotide probes. Nucleotide sequence analysis indicates that after coding for a signal peptide of 18 amino acids and the first two amino acids of the mature protein, there is an intron of 278 base pairs followed by the nucleotide sequence for the remaining 204 amino acids. The intron is unusual in that it contains on the positive strand a poly(A) stretch 16 nucleotides long and a poly(GT) region 30 nucleotides long which could adopt the Z-form of DNA. The nucleotide sequence reported here confirms the amino acid sequence of mature C-reactive protein as originally reported except that it codes for an additional 19 amino acids beginning at position 62. Thus DNA sequence analysis predicts that the mature protein consists of 206 amino acids rather than 187 as originally reported. The mRNA cap site is located 104 nucleotides from the start of the signal peptide and there is a 3' noncoding region 1.2 kilobase pairs in length. The gene has a typical promoter containing the sequences TATAAAT and CAAT 29 and 81 base pairs upstream, respectively, of the cap site.     

An improved DNA sequencing strategy

A modification of Hong's systematic DNA sequencing strategy is described. The original procedure has been simplified and transfectant yield increased. After DNase I limited cleavage in the presence of Mn2+, the single-cut linear DNA does not have to be separated from supercoiled or open circular DNA on an agarose gel. After ligation, the DNA is digested with a second restriction endonuclease for which a unique cleavage site resides between the insert and the first restriction endonuclease cutting site. The original intact DNA is linearized whereas the deleted subclone is not. The background is decreased to an undetectable level. This DNA sequencing strategy was tested on a 1.4-kb DNA fragment containing the araC regulatory gene from Erwinia carotovora. A set of subclones sufficient to sequence the fragment on both strands was produced in 2 days and the yield was at least 60-fold higher than in the original protocol.     

Regeneration of the arterial wall in microporous,compliant, biodegradable vascular grafts after implantation into the rat abdominal aorta

Summary The ultrastructure of a new type of vascular graft, prepared from a mixture of polyurethane (95 weight %) and poly-L-lactic acid (5 weight %), was examined six weeks after implantation into the abdominal aorta of rats. These microporous, compliant, biodegradable, vascular grafts function as temporary scaffolds for the regeneration of the arterial wall.Smooth muscle cells, covering the grafts, regenerated a neo-media underneath an almost completely regenerated endothelial layer (neo-intima). These smooth muscle cells varied in morphology from normal smooth muscle cells to myofibroblasts. They were surrounded by elastic laminae and collagen fibers.Macrophages, epithelioid cells, multinucleated giant cells, fibroblasts and capillaries were present in the disintegrating graft lattices. The epithelioid cells and multinucleated giant cells engulfed polymer particles of the disintegrating grafts.The regeneration of the endothelial and smooth muscle cells is similar to the natural response of arterial tissue upon injury. The presence of macrophages, epithelioid cells, multinucleated giant cells, fibroblasts and capillaries in the graft lattices resembles the natural response of tissue against foreign body implants. Both of these responses result in the formation of a neo-artery that possesses sufficient strength, compliance and thromboresistance to function as a small caliber arterial substitute.Supported by Grant nr. 82.042 from the Dutch Heart Foundation     

Cloning of the pectate lyase genes from Erwinia carotovora and their expression in Escherichia coli

A hybrid cosmid coding for pectate lyase (PL) activity was identified from an Erwinia carotovora genomic library by an immunological screening method. A 7-kb DNA fragment was identified which codes for three proteins identical in size to proteins with PL activity purified from E. carotovora culture supernatants. The three proteins had apparent Mrs of 41, 44 and 44 X 10(3) as estimated by SDS-PAGE. None of the PLs were exported from Escherichia coli strain HB101 but all were found in the periplasmic space. Plant tissue was macerated by the PLs made in E. coli.     

The araBAD operon of Salmonella typhimurium LT2. I. Nucleotide sequence of araB and primary structure of its product, ribulokinase

Hybrid plasmids containing the araBAD operon of Salmonella typhimurium LT2 were characterized by Southern blot and genetic analyses. The nucleotide sequence of araB was determined. The araB gene product, ribulokinase (EC 2.7.1.16), was purified and the results of amino acid composition analysis and partial amino acid sequence are in agreement with predictions from the DNA sequence. Ribulokinase is 569 amino acid residues long and has a calculated Mr of 61 793. Ribulokinase shares significant homology with xylulose kinase from Escherichia coli. Codon usage in the araB gene does not favor those codons which have intermediate codon-anticodon binding energy.     

Human chromosome hot points

Summary Peripheral lymphocytes from 16 healthy adults, 9 pregnant women, and 3 fragile X syndrome patients were cultured in Eagle's minimum essential medium without folic acid (MEM-FA). The addition of 2mM, 4mM, or 8mM uridine 24h or 72h prior to harvest resulted in increases of chromosome gaps or breaks, especially at hot points 3p14, 16q23-24, and at fragile site Xq27. Pregnant women showed higher frequencies of 3p14 breaks and total chromosome breaks than men and non-pregnant women. The other chromosome regions, such as 6q26, 7q23, 7q35, 6p25, Xp22, 14q23 and 11p13, also frequently showed gaps or breaks. The results indicated that the unbalance of nucleotide pools was one of the causes of chromosome breakages. The higher frequencies of chromosome gaps and breaks under the condition of thymidylate stress may be due to the misincorporation of uracil instead of thymine into DNA.     

细菌(Pseudomonas maltophilia)之绒毛膜促性腺激素(hCG)结合物质之研究

 细菌(Pseudomonas moltophilia)与hCG及LH有特异的亲和力,实验发现,细菌之生长曲线与hCG结合活性成平行关系,96小时达高峰,细菌之培养液中含有可溶性结合蛋白,该蛋白经硫酸铵沉淀(80％饱和度)、Sephadex G-100柱层析、DEAE-纤维素柱0.5mol/L NaCl梯度洗脱,再过Sepharose CL-AB柱,收集之活性部分经SDS电泳测得其分子量为70,000,凝胶层析测Stokes radius为41A,Schiff氏染色未见着色带。     

小鼠LAK细胞对红系祖细胞及多向造血祖细胞增殖的影响

小鼠脾细胞经重组人白细胞介素-2(rhIL-2)激活后对YAC-1,LP-3和WEHI-164等肿瘤细胞均有很强的杀伤活性。在CFU-E和BFU-E培养体系中,不同浓度LAK细胞与BMC直接加入或预温育4h后再培养,均能加强CFU-E和BFU-E增殖。低浓度LAK细胞(LAK/BMC为0.5)与BMC直接加入或预温育后再加入CFU-mix培养体系中,均能增强CFU-mix增殖,而高浓度LAK细胞和BMC(LAK/BMC=8.0)直接加入培养体系则抑制CFU-mix增殖;若共温育后再培养则非常明显地抑制CFU-mix增殖,CFU-mix仅为对照的17.6％。小鼠LAK细胞对造血祖细胞体外增殖具有调节作用,这种调节可能包括分泌某些细胞因子以及细胞间直接相互作用两种方式。