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131.
Victoire Cardot‐Ruffino Vronique Chauvet Cassandre Caligaris Adrien Bertrand‐Chapel Nicolas Chuvin Roxane M. Pommier Ulrich Valcourt David Vincent Sylvie Martel Sophie Aires Bastien Kaniewski Pierre Dubus Philippe Cassier Stphanie Sentis Laurent Bartholin 《Genesis (New York, N.Y. : 2000)》2020,58(5)
Recombination systems represent a major breakthrough in the field of genetic model engineering. The Flp recombinases (Flp, Flpe, and Flpo) bind and cleave DNA Frt sites. We created a transgenic mouse strain ([Fsp1‐Flpo]) expressing the Flpo recombinase in fibroblasts. This strain was obtained by random insertion inside mouse zygotes after pronuclear injection. Flpo expression was placed under the control of the promoter of Fsp1 (fibroblast‐specific protein 1) gene, whose expression starts after gastrulation at Day 8.5 in cells of mesenchymal origin. We verified the correct expression and function of the Flpo enzyme by several ex vivo and in vivo approaches. The [Fsp1‐Flpo] strain represents a genuine tool to further target the recombination of transgenes with Frt sites specifically in cells of mesenchymal origin or with a fibroblastic phenotype. 相似文献
132.
Fabrizio Gianni Vesna Ma
i Fabrizio Bartolini Alexis Pey Mathieu Laurent Luisa Mangialajo 《Restoration Ecology》2020,28(4):750-756
The role of herbivorous fish in threatening marine forests of temperate seas has been generally overlooked. Only recently, the scientific community has highlighted that high fish herbivory can lead to regime shifts from canopy‐forming algae to less complex turf communities. Here, we present an innovative herbivorous fish deterrent device (DeFish), which can be used for conservation and restoration of marine forests. Compared to most traditional fish exclusion systems, such as cages, the DeFish system does not need regular cleaning and maintenance, making it more cost‐efficient. Resistance of DeFish was tested by installing prototypes at different depths in the French Riviera and in Montenegro: more than 60% of the devices endured several years without maintenance, even if most of them were slightly damaged in the exposed site in Montenegro. The efficacy of DeFish in limiting fish herbivory was tested by an exclusion experiment on Cystoseira amentacea in the French Riviera. In a few months, the number of fish bite marks on the seaweed was decreased, causing a consequent increase in algal length. The device here presented has been conceived for Mediterranean canopy‐forming algae, but the same concept can be applied to other species vulnerable to fish herbivory, such as kelps or seagrasses. In particular, the DeFish design could be improved using more robust and biodegradable materials. Innovative engineering systems, such as DeFish, are expected to become useful tools in the conservation and restoration of marine forests, to complement other practices including active reforestation, herbivore regulation, and regular monitoring of their status. 相似文献
133.
Julien Blanco Beatriz Belln Christo Fabricius Fabio de O. Roque Olivier Pays Franois Laurent Herv Fritz Pierre‐Cyril Renaud 《Global Change Biology》2020,26(3):1138-1154
Land‐use changes and the expansion of protected areas (PAs) have amplified the interaction between protected and unprotected areas worldwide. In this context, ‘interface processes' (human–nature and cross‐boundary interactions inside and around PAs) have become central to issues around the conservation of biodiversity and ecosystem services. This scientific literature review aimed to explore current knowledge and research gaps on interface processes regarding terrestrial PAs. At first, 3,515 references related to the topic were extracted through a standardized search on the Web of Science and analyzed with scientometric techniques. Next, a full‐text analysis was conducted on a sample of 240 research papers. A keyword analysis revealed a wide diversity of research topics, from ‘pure' ecology to sociopolitical research. We found a bias in the geographical distribution of research, with half the papers focusing on eight countries. Additionally, we found that the spatial extent of cross‐boundary interactions was rarely assessed, preventing any clear delimitation of PA interactive zones. In the 240 research papers we scanned, we identified 403 processes that were studied. The ecological effects of PAs were well documented and appeared to be positive overall. In contrast, the effects of PAs on local communities were understudied and, according to the literature focusing on these, were very variable according to local contexts. Our findings highlight key research advances on interface processes, especially regarding the ecological outcomes of PAs, the influence of human activities on biodiversity, and PA governance issues. In contrast, main knowledge gaps concern the spatial extent of interactive zones, as well as the interactions between local people and conservation actions and how to promote synergies between them. While the review was limited to terrestrial PAs, its findings allow us to propose research priorities for tackling environmental and socioeconomic challenges in the face of a rapidly changing world. 相似文献
134.
Duarte Gouveia Lucia Grenga Jean‐Charles Gaillard Fabrice Gallais Laurent Bellanger Olivier Pible Jean Armengaud 《Proteomics》2020,20(14)
Detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) is a crucial tool for fighting the COVID‐19 pandemic. This dataset brief presents the exploration of a shotgun proteomics dataset acquired on SARS‐CoV‐2 infected Vero cells. Proteins from inactivated virus samples were extracted, digested with trypsin, and the resulting peptides were identified by data‐dependent acquisition tandem mass spectrometry. The 101 peptides reporting for six viral proteins were specifically analyzed in terms of their analytical characteristics, species specificity and conservation, and their proneness to structural modifications. Based on these results, a shortlist of 14 peptides from the N, S, and M main structural proteins that could be used for targeted mass‐spectrometry method development and diagnostic of the new SARS‐CoV‐2 is proposed and the best candidates are commented. 相似文献
135.
136.
Emma Colucci-Guyon Aline Rifflet Sarah Saint-Auret Anaëlle da Costa Laurent Boucontet Thomas Laval Christophe Prehaud Nicolas Blanchard Jean-Pierre Levraud Ivo G. Boneca Caroline Demangel Laure Guenin-Mac 《PLoS neglected tropical diseases》2020,14(12)
Mycobacterium ulcerans, the causative agent of Buruli ulcer (BU) disease, is unique amongst human pathogens in its capacity to produce a lipid toxin called mycolactone. While previous studies have demonstrated that bacterially-released mycolactone diffuses beyond infection foci, the spatiotemporal distribution of mycolactone remained largely unknown. Here, we used the zebrafish model to provide the first global kinetic analysis of mycolactone’s diffusion in vivo, and multicellular co-culture systems to address the critical question of the toxin’s access to the brain.Zebrafish larvae were injected with a fluorescent-derivative of mycolactone to visualize the in vivo diffusion of the toxin from the peripheral circulation. A rapid, body-wide distribution of mycolactone was observed, with selective accumulation in tissues near the injection site and brain, together with an important excretion through the gastro-intestinal tract. Our conclusion that mycolactone reached the central nervous system was reinforced by an in cellulo model of human blood brain barrier and a mouse model of M. ulcerans-infection.Here we show that mycolactone has a broad but heterogenous profile of distribution in vivo. Our investigations in vitro and in vivo support the view that a fraction of bacterially-produced mycolactone gains access to the central nervous system. The relative persistence of mycolactone in the bloodstream suggests that assays of circulating mycolactone are relevant for BU disease monitoring and treatment optimization. 相似文献
137.
Lauri Nikkanen Anita Santana Snchez Maria Ermakova Matthias Rgner Laurent Cournac Yagut Allahverdiyeva 《The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology》2020,103(4):1460-1476
In oxygenic photosynthetic organisms, excluding angiosperms, flavodiiron proteins (FDPs) catalyze light‐dependent reduction of O2 to H2O. This alleviates electron pressure on the photosynthetic apparatus and protects it from photodamage. In Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803, four FDP isoforms function as hetero‐oligomers of Flv1 and Flv3 and/or Flv2 and Flv4. An alternative electron transport pathway mediated by the NAD(P)H dehydrogenase‐like complex (NDH‐1) also contributes to redox hemostasis and the photoprotection of photosynthesis. Four NDH‐1 types have been characterized in cyanobacteria: NDH‐11 and NDH‐12, which function in respiration; and NDH‐13 and NDH‐14, which function in CO2 uptake. All four types are involved in cyclic electron transport. Along with single FDP mutants (?flv1 and Δflv3) and the double NDH‐1 mutants (?d1d2, which is deficient in NDH‐11,2 and ?d3d4, which is deficient in NDH‐13,4), we studied triple mutants lacking one of Flv1 or Flv3, and NDH‐11,2 or NDH‐13,4. We show that the presence of either Flv1/3 or NDH‐11,2, but not NDH‐13,4, is indispensable for survival during changes in growth conditions from high CO2/moderate light to low CO2/high light. Our results show functional redundancy between FDPs and NDH‐11,2 under the studied conditions. We suggest that ferredoxin probably functions as a primary electron donor to both Flv1/3 and NDH‐11,2, allowing their functions to be dynamically coordinated for efficient oxidation of photosystem I and for photoprotection under variable CO2 and light availability. 相似文献
138.
Engelhardt Ilonka C. Niklaus Pascal A. Bizouard Florian Breuil Marie-Christine Rouard Nadine Deau Florence Philippot Laurent Barnard Romain L. 《Plant and Soil》2021,461(1-2):151-162
Plant and Soil - Contrasting nutrient-acquisition strategies would explain why species differ in their distribution in relation to soil phosphorus (P) availability, promoting diversity. However,... 相似文献
139.
Roque d’orbcastel Emmanuelle Bettarel Yvan Dellinger Marion Sadoul Bastien Bouvier Thierry Amandé Justin Monin Dagorn Laurent Geffroy Benjamin 《Environmental Biology of Fishes》2021,104(6):725-732
Environmental Biology of Fishes - Cortisol is recognized as a physiological indicator of stress in fish. However, this hormone is typically measured in plasma samples. In this study, cortisol... 相似文献
140.
Martin François-Marie Janssen Philippe Bergès Laurent Dupont Blandine Evette André 《Wetlands Ecology and Management》2021,29(1):27-39
Wetlands Ecology and Management - Riparian corridors play an important role for the maintenance of regional biodiversity and ecosystem functions. Riparian forests are even the only semi-natural... 相似文献