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981.
Minutolo F Bertini S Betti L Danesi R Gervasi G Giannaccini G Papi C Placanica G Barontini S Rapposelli S Macchia M 《Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters》2003,13(24):4405-4408
Phosphonoacetamido(oxy) groups have proven to be good mimics of the diphosphate portion in geranylgeranyl protein transferase I (GGTase I) inhibitors. The introduction of small alkyl groups (Me, Et) into the diphosphate mimic moiety caused a further decrease in collateral farnesyl protein transferase (FTase) inhibitory activity, thereby improving GGTase I over FTase selectivity. 相似文献
982.
Llauger-Bufi L Felts SJ Huezo H Rosen N Chiosis G 《Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters》2003,13(22):3975-3978
Heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) is a molecular chaperone necessary for maintaining oncogenic transformation. There is substantial interest in developing novel agents that bind to the N-terminal of the chaperone. Here we report the synthesis and characterization of two fluorescent Hsp90 inhibitors and probe their use in an Hsp90 fluorescent polarization assay. 相似文献
983.
Man HW Corral LG Stirling DI Muller GW 《Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters》2003,13(20):3415-3417
Thalidomide, (1), has made a remarkable comeback from its days of a sedative with teratogenic properties due to its ability to selectively inhibit TNF-alpha, a key pro-inflammatory cytokine and its clinical benefit in the treatment of cancer. Thalidomide contains one chiral center and is known to be chirally unstable under in vitro and in vivo conditions. It has been hypothesized that different biological properties are associated with each isomer. Thus, chirally stable analogues of thalidomide, alpha-fluorothalidomide, (3) and alpha-fluoro-4-aminothalidomide (4) were prepared by electrophilic fluorination. Analogue 3 was found to be cytotoxic and did not inhibit TNF-alpha production in LPS stimulated hPBMC below toxic concentrations. On the other hand, 4 was non-cytotoxic at the tested concentrations and was found to be 830-fold more potent than thalidomide as TNF-alpha inhibitor. 相似文献
984.
Long-term treatment with low doses of interleukin-2 and interferon-α: immunological effects in advanced renal cell cancer 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Pavone L Andrulli S Santi R Majori M Buzio C 《Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII》2001,50(2):82-86
We aimed to determine the immunological effects of low doses of recombinant interleukin-2 (rIL-2) and recombinant interferon-α
(rIFN-α) in patients bearing advanced renal cell carcinoma.
Methods: Twenty-seven patients received therapeutic cycles consisting of subcutaneous rIL-2 for 5 days per week and intramuscular
rIFN-α twice weekly, for 4 consecutive weeks. The cycle was repeated indefinitely at regular 4-month intervals, for all patients.
rIL-2 (1 × 106 IU/m2) was administered every 12 h on days 1 and 2 and once a day on days 3–5 of each week; rIFN-α (1.8 × 106 IU/m2) was given on days 3 and 5.
In the enrolled patients, total and differential white blood cell counts, phenotypic analysis of some lymphocyte subsets,
and soluble IL-2 receptor (sIL-2R), were investigated before and after each of the first six cycles of therapy (about 24 months
of follow-up).
Results: The cycles of immunotherapy induced a significant increase of total lymphocytes (37%, P < 0.001), eosinophils (222%, P < 0.001), CD25+ cells (27%, P=0.004), sIL-2R (174%, P < 0.001) and natural killer (NK) cells (CD3-CD56+) (61%, P < 0.001); the subset that expresses CD56 with high density (CD56+ bright) expanded more (233%, P < 0.001) than the subset expressing the same marker with low density (CD56+ dimmer) (15%, P=0.043). Unlike the previous subsets, the treatment decreased significantly T-lymphocytes with NK cell marker (CD3+ CD56+)
(28%, P=0.011).
No significant differences of effectiveness were found among the subsequent treatment cycles, except for CD25+ cells and sIL-2R
(P=0.036 and P=0.005, respectively): the increase induced by immunotherapy was maximum after the first cycle and decreased progressively
thereafter.
Conclusions: Long-term repeated cycles of low-dose immunotherapy induced repeated and significant expansion of one of the most important
lymphocyte subsets for the non-MHC-restricted immune response to the tumour mass: CD3–CD56+ cells.
Received: 8 November 2000 / Accepted: 11 January 2001 相似文献
985.
Iustman LJ Pucheu NL Kerber NL Vandekerckhove J Tadros MH Garcia AF 《Current microbiology》2001,42(5):323-329
Cells of Rhv. sulfidophilum were grown under different conditions in the presence of 32P-phosphate and the corresponding H and L membrane fractions obtained and fractionated by SDS-PAGE. Both membranes showed
almost identical polypeptide composition. The bacteriochlorophyll (Bchl) specific content in H was always lower that in L.
As described before, oxygen did not regulate gene expression. Under high light, an almost two- to threefold decrease of the
cellular specific Bchl content was observed. Pulse and chase experiments showed that transitions from aerobiosis to light-anaerobiosis
did not quantitatively affect the Bchl content of the membranes, although a turnover of the 32P-phosphate and 35S-methionine was observed. LHI β was the only polypeptidic subunit of the Bchl-binding polypeptides that was phosphorylated
in vivo, and phosphotyrosine was the only phosphorylated amino acid detectable. The phosphorylated LHI β was determined to
be insoluble in the organic solvent mixture of (vol/vol) 1:1 chloroform-methanol containing ammonium acetate (0.1 m final
concentration). Treatment with a chaotropic agent such as Na2CO3 solubilized the phosphorylated LHI β, indicating that part of this posttranslationally modified polypeptide was not inserted
in a transmembrane position. These results were used to speculate about the regulatory properties of this posttranslational
modification of LHI β on membrane differentiation.
Received: 30 August 2000 / Accepted: 2 October 2000 相似文献
986.
Laura Barsanti Alessandra Bastianini Vincenzo Passarelli Mario R. Tredici Paolo Gualtieri 《Journal of applied phycology》2000,12(3-5):515-520
The effects of growth conditions on fatty acid profilewere examined in the photosynthetic wild type and inthe spontaneous non-photosynthetic WZSL mutant of theunicellular flagellate Euglena gracilis. Inthe light, the amount of polyunsaturated fatty acids(PUFAs) is higher in the wild type than in the mutant,independent of the carbon source. Among importantPUFAs, linolenic acid (18:3 3) is present inhigh amount only in wild type cells grown in the lightwith any of the tested carbon sources. The content ofother PUFAs, such as arachidonic acid (20:46), EPA (20:5 3) and DHA (22:63), is not correlated with the presence oflight or chloroplasts.The main effect of the dark in both strains is tolower the content of PUFAs and mono-unsaturated fattyacids and to increase the content of saturated fattyacids with all the carbon sources. 相似文献
987.
Crustacean and rotifer composition of temporary ponds in the Doñana National Park (SW Spain) during floods 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
The zooplankton of 18 temporary ponds in the Doñana National Park (SW Spain) was studied during floods in February and May 1997. A total of 37 rotifer taxa and 34 crustaceans species were identified (17 cladocerans, 2 ostracans, 4 diaptomids, 7 cyclopodids, 1 harpacticoid, 1 anostracan, 1 notostracan and 1 conchostracan). Zooplankton samples were collected separately from the littoral and the open-water of 12 different ponds. Commonly distributed zooplankton species (frequency of appearance 50%) were not segregated to either the littoral or the open-water according to a chi-square test (P>0.005). The study ponds were divided into seasonal, intermediate and ephemeral ponds according to the length of their hydroperiod. The total numbers of both crustacean and rotifer taxa were highest in the intermediate-hydroperiod ponds (26 and 32 taxa, respectively). The total number of zooplankton taxa collected in both February and May was not significantly correlated to the hydroperiod of the temporary ponds of Doñana during the study period (r=0.165, P=0.526). 21 rotifer taxa and 20 crustacean species were found in the ephemeral ponds; the number of restricted species was also relatively high (3 rotifers and 4 crustaceans). Therefore, the ephemeral ponds held a relatively rich community during floods compared to other temporary ponds of Doñana despite their small size and short wet phase. 相似文献
988.
Membrane permeability of fructose-1,6-diphosphate in lipid vesicles and endothelial cells 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Ehringer WD Niu W Chiang B Wang OL Gordon L Chien S 《Molecular and cellular biochemistry》2000,210(1-2):35-45
Fructose-1,6-diphosphate (FDP) is a glycolytic intermediate which has been used an intervention in various ischemic conditions for two decades. Yet whether FDP can enter the cell is under constant debate. In this study we examined membrane permeability of FDP in artificial membrane bilayers and in endothelial cells. To examine passive diffusion of FDP through the membrane bilayer, L-a-phosphatidylcholine from egg yolk (Egg PC) (10 mM) multi-lamellar vesicles were created containing different external concentrations of FDP (0, 0.5, 5 and 50 mM). The passive diffusion of FDP into the vesicles was followed spectrophotometrically. The results indicate that FDP diffuses through the membrane bilayer in a dose-dependent fashion. The movement of FDP through Egg PC membrane bilayers was confirmed by measuring the conversion of FDP to dihydroxyacetone-phosphate and the formation of hydrozone. FDP (0, 0.5, 5 or 50 mM) was encapsulated in Egg PC multilamellar vesicles and placed in a solution containing aldolase. In the 5 and 50 mM FDP groups there was a significant increase in dihydroxyacetone/hydrazone indicating that FDP crossed the membrane bilayer intact. We theorized that the passive diffusion of FDP might be due to disruption of the membrane bilayer. To examine this hypothesis, small unilamellar vesicles composed of Egg PC were created in the presence of 60 mM carboxyfluorescein, and the leakage of the sequestered dye was followed upon addition of various concentrations of FDP, fructose, fructose-6-phosphate, or fructose-1-phosphate (0, 5 or 50 mM). These results indicate that increasing concentrations of FDP increase the leakage rate of carboxyfluorescein. In contrast, no concentration of fructose, fructose-6-phosphate, or fructose-1-phosphate resulted in any significant increase in membrane permeability to carboxyfluorescein. To examine whether FDP could pass through cellular membranes, we examined the uptake of 14C-FDP by endothelial cells cultured under hypoxia or normoxia for 4 or 16 h. The uptake of FDP was dose-dependent in both the normoxia and hypoxia treated cells, and was accompanied by no significant loss in endothelial cell viability. Our results demonstrate that FDP can diffuse through membrane bilayers in a dose-dependent manner. 相似文献
989.
Tonelli R Scardovi AL Pession A Strippoli P Bonsi L Vitale L Prete A Locatelli F Bagnara GP Paolucci G 《Human genetics》2000,107(3):225-233
Congenital amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia (CAMT) without physical anomalies is a rare disease, presenting isolated thrombocytopenia and megakaryocytopenia in infancy, which can evolve into aplastic anemia and leukemia. Recently, two heterozygous truncating mutations of the thrombopoietin (TPO) receptor MPL, coded by the c-mpl gene, were identified in a 10-year-old Japanese patient with CAMT transmitted in an autosomal recessive manner. Here, we report for the first time two different MPL amino-acid substitutions in a 2-year-old Italian boy with CAMT and compound heterozygosis for two (c-mpl point mutations. C-to-T transitions were detected on exons 5 and 12 at the 769 and 1904 cDNA nucleotide positions, respectively. The mutation in exon 5 substitutes an arginine with a cysteine (R257C) in the extracellular domain, 11 amino acids distant from the WSXWS motif conserved in the cytokine-receptor superfamily. The mutation in exon 12 substitutes a proline with a leucine (P635L) in the last amino acid of the C-terminal intracellular domain, responsible for signal transduction. As in the Japanese family, the mutations were both transmitted from the parents. TPO plasma levels were highly increased in the patient. The patient's 7-year-old brother, who was a candidate donor for allografting, turned out to be an asymptomatic heterozygous carrier of P635L and showed defective megakaryocyte colony formation from bone-marrow progenitor cells. The present study provides important confirmation that CAMT can be associated with (c-mpl) mutations. 相似文献
990.
Volatile Organic Compounds Associated with Microbial Growth in Automobile Air Conditioning Systems 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Volatile organic compounds from Penicillium viridicatum and Methylobacterium mesophilicum growing on laboratory media and on component materials of automobile air conditioners were analyzed with gas chromatography
and mass spectrometry. P. viridicatum produced compounds such as 4-methyl thiazole, terpenes and alcohols, whereas M. mesophilicum produced dimethyl disulfide, dimethyl trisulfide, and chlorophenol with growth on laboratory media. In comparison with laboratory
media, fewer volatiles were detected from colonized foam insulation materials. Biofilms of M. mesophilicum on aluminum evaporator components produced mainly dimethyl disulfide. These biofilms, after inoculation with P. viridicatum, produced offensive smelling alcohols and esters such as 2-methyl propanol, 3-penten-2-ol, and the ethyl ester of butanoic
acid. The moisture and substrates innate to the automobile air conditioning systems provided an environment suitable for microbial
biofilm development and odor production. Reduction of retained moisture in the air conditioning system coupled with use of
less susceptible or antimicrobial substrates are advised for remediation of the noxious odors.
Received: 26 February 2000 / Accepted: 2 May 2000 相似文献