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31.
Dilute hydrochloric acid as an extractant for available zinc,copper and boron in rice soils 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Summary Because zinc deficiency is a widespread disorder of wetland rice and copper deficiency may occur with it, 0.05M HCl was compared with 0.1M HCl, EDTA and DTPA as an extractant for available zinc and copper. It was also compared with the reflux method for boron assay.Thirty-three wetland rice soils were analyzed for zinc and copper by the four methods. Rice was grown on the flooded soils, scored visually for zinc deficiency, and the plants analyzed for zinc and copper content. In the boron study, 53 soils were extracted by the reflux method and the 0.05M HCl procedure. Rice was grown on the flooded soils, scored visually for boron toxicity, and the plants analyzed for boron content.Fourteen of the 16 soils on which rice showed zinc deficiency gave <1.0 mg/kg Zn by the 0.05M HCl method but values far in excess of the critical limits by the other methods. The r values for available and plant zinc were: 0.05M HCl (0.88**); 0.1M HCl (0.55**); EDTA (0.43**); and DTPA (0.31ns).Twelve of the zinc-deficient soils gave<0.1 mg/kg Cu by the 0.05M HCl method but values exceeding the critical limits by the EDTA and DTPA methods. The r values for available and plant copper were: 0.05M HCl (0.74**), 0.1M HCl (0.64**), EDTA (0.28ns), and DTPA (0.20ns).The critical limit of 1.0 mg/kg by the 0.05M HCl extraction was confirmed for zinc deficiency and a tentative value of 0.1 mg/kg for copper deficiency proposed.The 0.05M HCl method separated boron-toxic soils from non-toxic soils and gave a better correlation (r=0.91**) between available and plant boron than the reflux extraction (r=0.84**). The toxic limit by the 0.05M HCl method was provisionally set at 4 mg/kg. 相似文献
32.
Data from population- and clinic-based epidemiologic studies of rheumatoid arthritis patients suggest that individuals with
rheumatoid arthritis are at risk for developing clinically evident congestive heart failure. Many established risk factors
for congestive heart failure are over-represented in rheumatoid arthritis and likely account for some of the increased risk
observed. In particular, data from animal models of cytokine-induced congestive heart failure have implicated the same inflammatory
cytokines produced in abundance by rheumatoid synovium as the driving force behind maladaptive processes in the myocardium
leading to congestive heart failure. At present, however, the direct effects of inflammatory cytokines (and rheumatoid arthritis
therapies) on the myocardia of rheumatoid arthritis patients are incompletely understood. 相似文献
33.
Determinants of Readiness for Adopting Healthy Lifestyle Behaviors Among Indigenous Adolescents with Type 2 Diabetes in Manitoba,Canada: A Cross‐Sectional Study 下载免费PDF全文
34.
Raffael AC Oliveira Ricardo VM Almeida Márcia DA Dantas Felipe N Castro Jo?o Paulo MS Lima Daniel CF Lanza 《BMC bioinformatics》2014,15(1)
Background
The PCR technique and its variations have been increasingly used in the clinical laboratory and recent advances in this field generated new higher resolution techniques based on nucleic acid denaturation dynamics. The principle of these new molecular tools is based on the comparison of melting profiles, after denaturation of a DNA double strand. Until now, the secondary structure of single-stranded nucleic acids has not been exploited to develop identification systems based on PCR. To test the potential of single-strand RNA denaturation as a new alternative to detect specific nucleic acid variations, sequences from viruses of the Totiviridae family were compared using a new in silico melting curve approach. This family comprises double-stranded RNA virus, with a genome constituted by two ORFs, ORF1 and ORF2, which encodes the capsid/RNA binding proteins and an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), respectively.Results
A phylogenetic tree based on RdRp amino acid sequences was constructed, and eight monophyletic groups were defined. Alignments of RdRp RNA sequences from each group were screened to identify RNA regions with conserved secondary structure. One region in the second half of ORF2 was identified and individually modeled using the RNAfold tool. Afterwards, each DNA or RNA sequence was denatured in silico using the softwares MELTSIM and RNAheat that generate melting curves considering the denaturation of a double stranded DNA and single stranded RNA, respectively. The same groups identified in the RdRp phylogenetic tree were retrieved by a clustering analysis of the melting curves data obtained from RNAheat. Moreover, the same approach was used to successfully discriminate different variants of Trichomonas vaginalis virus, which was not possible by the visual comparison of the double stranded melting curves generated by MELTSIM.Conclusion
In silico analysis indicate that ssRNA melting curves are more informative than dsDNA melting curves. Furthermore, conserved RNA structures may be determined from analysis of individuals that are phylogenetically related, and these regions may be used to support the reconstitution of their phylogenetic groups. These findings are a robust basis for the development of in vitro systems to ssRNA melting curves detection.Electronic supplementary material
The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/1471-2105-15-243) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 相似文献35.
Lisa GM van Baarsen Carla A Wijbrandts François Rustenburg Tineke Cantaert Tineke CTM van der Pouw Kraan Dominique L Baeten Ben AC Dijkmans Paul P Tak Cornelis L Verweij 《Arthritis research & therapy》2010,12(1):R11
Introduction
Cross-regulation between TNF and type I IFN has been postulated to play an important role in autoimmune diseases. Therefore, we determined the effect of TNF blockade in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) on the type I IFN response gene activity in relation to clinical response. 相似文献36.
van Halm VP Nurmohamed MT Twisk JW Dijkmans BA Voskuyl AE 《Arthritis research & therapy》2006,8(5):R151-6
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is characterized by inflammation and an increased risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study
investigates possible associations between CVD and the use of conventional disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs)
in RA. Using a case control design, 613 RA patients (5,649 patient-years) were studied, 72 with CVD and 541 without CVD. Data
on RA, CVD and drug treatment were evaluated from time of RA diagnosis up to the first cardiovascular event or the end of
the follow-up period. The dataset was categorized according to DMARD use: sulfasalazine (SSZ), hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) or
methotrexate (MTX). Odds ratios (ORs) for CVD, corrected for age, gender, smoking and RA duration, were calculated per DMARD
group. Patients who never used SSZ, HCQ or MTX were used as a reference group. MTX treatment was associated with a significant
CVD risk reduction, with ORs (95% CI): 'MTX only', 0.16 (0.04 to 0.66); 'MTX and SSZ ever', 0.20 (0.08 to 0.51); and 'MTX,
SSZ and HCQ ever', 0.20 (0.08 to 0.54). The risk reductions remained significant after additional correction for the presence
of rheumatoid factor and erosions. After correction for hypertension, diabetes and hypercholesterolemia, 'MTX or SSZ ever'
and 'MTX, SSZ and HCQ ever' showed significant CVD risk reduction. Rheumatoid factor positivity and erosions both increased
CVD risk, with ORs of 2.04 (1.02 to 4.07) and 2.36 (0.92 to 6.08), respectively. MTX and, to a lesser extent, SSZ were associated
with significantly lower CVD risk compared to RA patients who never used SSZ, HCQ or MTX. We hypothesize that DMARD use, in
particular MTX use, results in powerful suppression of inflammation, thereby reducing the development of atherosclerosis and
subsequently clinically overt CVD. 相似文献
37.
Jo Moore Stephen AC Hawkins Anthony R Austin Timm Konold Robert B Green Ian W Blamire Ian Dexter Michael J Stack Melanie J Chaplin Jan PM Langeveld Marion M Simmons Yvonne I Spencer Paul R Webb Michael Dawson Gerald AH Wells 《BMC research notes》2011,4(1):1-13
Background
Escherichia coli O157:H7 is the most common serovar of enterohemorrhagic E. coli associated with serious human disease outbreaks. Cattle are the main reservoir with E. coli O157:H7 inducing hemorrhagic enteritis in persistent shedding beef cattle, however little is known about how this pathogen affects cattle health. Jejunal Hemorrhage Syndrome (JHS) has unclear etiology but the pathology is similar to that described for E. coli O157:H7 challenged beef cattle suggestive that E. coli O157:H7 could be involved. There are no effective treatments for JHS however new approaches to managing pathogen issues in livestock using prebiotics and probiotics are gaining support. The first objective of the current study was to characterize pathogen colonization in hemorrhaged jejunum of dairy cattle during natural JHS outbreaks. The second objective was to confirm the association of mycotoxigenic fungi in feeds with the development of JHS and also to identify the presence of potential mycotoxins. The third objective was to determine the impact of a prebiotic, Celmanax?, or probiotic, Dairyman's Choice? paste, on the cytotoxicity associated with feed extracts in vitro. The fourth objective was to determine the impact of a prebiotic or a probiotic on E. coli O157:H7 colonization of mucosal explants and a bovine colonic cell line in vitro. The final objective was to determine if prebiotic and probiotic feed additives could modify the symptoms that preceded JHS losses and the development of new JHS cases.Findings
Dairy cattle developed JHS after consuming feed containing several types of mycotoxigenic fungi including Fusarium culmorum, F. poae, F. verticillioides, F. sporotrichioides, Aspergillus flavus, Penicillium roqueforti, P. crustosum, P. paneum and P. citrinum. Mixtures of Shiga toxin - producing Escherichia coli (STEC) colonized the mucosa in the hemorrhaged tissues of the cattle and no other pathogen was identified. The STECs expressed Stx1 and Stx2, but more significantly, Stxs were also present in the blood clot blocking the jejunum. Mycotoxin analysis of the corn crop confirmed the presence of fumonisin, NIV, ZEAR, DON, 15-ADON, 3-ADON, NEO, DAS, HT-2 and T-2. Feed extracts were toxic to enterocytes and 0.1% Celmanax? removed the cytotoxicity in vitro. There was no effect of Dairyman's Choice? paste on feed-extract activity in vitro. Fumonisin, T-2, ZEAR and DON were toxic to bovine cells and 0.1% Celmanax? removed the cytotoxicity in vitro. Celmanax? also directly decreased E. coli O157:H7 colonization of mucosal explants and a colonic cell line in a dose-dependent manner. There was no effect of Dairyman's Choice? paste on E. coli O157:H7 colonization in vitro. The inclusion of the prebiotic and probiotic in the feed was associated with a decline in disease.Conclusion
The current study confirmed an association between mycotoxigenic fungi in the feed and the development of JHS in cattle. This association was further expanded to include mycotoxins in the feed and mixtures of STECs colonizing the severely hemorrhaged tissues. Future studies should examine the extent of involvement of the different STEC in the infection process. The prebiotic, Celmanax?, acted as an anti-adhesive for STEC colonization and a mycotoxin binder in vitro. Future studies should determine the extent of involvement of the prebiotic in altering disease. 相似文献38.
AC Martin IA Laing G Zhang S Brennan K Winfield PD Sly SM Stick J Goldblatt PN LeSouef 《Respiratory research》2005,6(1):1-4
Early acquisition of Pseudomonas aeruginosa is associated with a poorer prognosis in patients with cystic fibrosis. We investigated whether polymorphisms in CD14, the lipopolysaccharide receptor, increase the risk of early infection. Forty-five children with cystic fibrosis were investigated with annual bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and plasma sCD14 levels. Plasma sCD14 levels were significantly lower in children from whom P.aeruginosa was subsequently isolated (492.75 μg/ml vs. 1339.43 μg/ml, p = 0.018). Those with the CD14 -159CC genotype had a significantly increased risk of early infection with P.aeruginosa suggesting that CD14 C-159T plays a role in determining the risk of early infection with P.aeruginosa. 相似文献
39.
Background
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are oligoribonucleotides with an important role in regulation of gene expression at the level of translation. Despite imperfect target complementarity, they can also significantly reduce mRNA levels. The validity of miRNA target gene predictions is difficult to assess at the protein level. We sought, therefore, to determine whether a general lowering of predicted target gene mRNA expression by endogenous miRNAs was detectable within microarray gene expression profiles. 相似文献40.
Ursum J Nielen MM van Schaardenburg D van der Horst AR van de Stadt RJ Dijkmans BA Hamann D 《Arthritis research & therapy》2008,10(1):R12