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101.
Gregory Lacraz Volatiana Rakotoarivelo Sebastien M. Labbé Mathieu Vernier Christophe Noll Marian Mayhue Jana Stankova Adel Schwertani Guillaume Grenier André Carpentier Denis Richard Gerardo Ferbeyre Julie Fradette Marek Rola-Pleszczynski Alfredo Menendez Marie-France Langlois Subburaj Ilangumaran Sheela Ramanathan 《PloS one》2016,11(11)
102.
Immunological changes associated with age contribute to the high rates of influenza virus morbidity and mortality in the elderly. Compounding this problem, aged individuals do not respond to vaccination as well as younger, healthy adults. Efforts to increase protection to this demographic group are of utmost importance, as the proportion of the population above the age of 65 is projected to increase in the coming decade. Using a live influenza virus with a truncated nonstructural protein 1 (NS1), we are able to stimulate cellular and humoral immune responses of aged mice comparable to levels seen in young mice. Impressively, a single vaccination provided protection following stringent lethal challenge in aged mice. 相似文献
103.
The small-subunit ribosomal RNA gene sequences from the hypotrichous ciliates Oxytricha nova and Stylonychia pustulata 总被引:17,自引:0,他引:17
We have determined the complete nucleotide sequence of the small- subunit
ribosomal RNA genes for the ciliate protozoans Stylonychia pustulata and
Oxytricha nova. The sequences are homologous and sufficiently similar that
these organisms must be closely related. In a phylogeny inferred from
comparisons of several eukaryotic small-subunit ribosomal RNAs, the
divergence of the ciliates from the eukaryotic line of descent is seen to
coincide with the radiation of the plants, the animals, and the fungi. This
radiation is preceded by the divergence of the slime mold, Dictyostelium
discoideum.
相似文献
104.
Langlois S Maher AC Manias JL Shao Q Kidder GM Laird DW 《The Journal of biological chemistry》2007,282(41):30171-30180
To understand the role of connexin43 (Cx43) in epidermal differentiation, we reduced Cx43 levels by RNA-mediated interference knockdown and impaired its functional status by overexpressing loss-of-function Cx43 mutants associated with the human disease oculodentodigital dysplasia (ODDD) in rat epidermal keratinocytes. When Cx43 expression was knocked down by 50-75%, there was a coordinate 55-65% reduction in Cx26 level, gap junction-based dye coupling was reduced by 60%, and transepithelial resistance decreased. Importantly, the overall growth and differentiation of Cx43 knockdown organotypic epidermis was severely impaired as revealed by alterations in the levels of the differentiation markers loricrin and involucrin and by reductions in vital and cornified layer thicknesses. Conversely, although the expression of Cx43 mutants reduced the coupling status of rat epidermal keratinocytes by approximately 80% without altering the levels of endogenous Cx43 or Cx26, their ability to differentiate was not altered. In addition, we used a mouse model of ODDD and found that newborn mice harboring the loss-of-function Cx43(G60S) mutant had slightly reduced Cx43 levels, whereas Cx26 levels, epidermis differentiation, and barrier function remained unaltered. This properly differentiated epidermis was maintained even when Cx43 and Cx26 levels decreased by more than 70% in 3-week-old mutant mice. Our studies indicate that Cx43 and Cx26 collectively co-regulate epidermal differentiation from basal keratinocytes but play a more minimal role in the maintenance of established epidermis. Altogether, these studies provide an explanation as to why the vast majority of ODDD patients, where Cx43 function is highly compromised, do not suffer from skin disease. 相似文献
105.
Machado CM Schenka A Vassallo J Tamashiro WM Gonçalves EM Genari SC Verinaud L 《Cancer cell international》2005,5(1):13
A human malignant continuous cell line, named NG97, was recently established in our laboratory. This cell line has been serially
subcultured over 100 times in standard culture media presenting no sign of cell senescence. The NG97 cell line has a doubling
time of about 24 h. Immunocytochemical analysis of glial markers demonstrated that cells are positive for glial fibrillary
acidic protein (GFAP) and S-100 protein, and negative for vimentin. Under phase-contrast microscope, cultures of NG97 showed
cells with variable morphological features, such as small rounded cells, fusiform cells (fibroblastic-like cells), and dendritic-like
cells. However, at confluence just small rounded and fusiform cells can be observed. At scanning electron microscopy (SEM)
small rounded cells showed heterogeneous microextentions, including blebs and filopodia. Dendritic-like cells were flat and
presented extensive prolongations, making several contacts with small rounded cells, while fusiform cells presented their
surfaces dominated by microvilli. 相似文献
106.
107.
Marie-Maud Bear Claire Monne Daniel Robic Genevive Campion Valrie Langlois Alain Rimbault Richard Bourbouze Philippe Guerin 《Chirality》1998,10(8):727-733
β-methylaspartate ammonia-lyase, EC 4.3.1.2, (β-methylaspartase) from Clostridium tetanomorphum was used to produce a 40/60 molar ratio of (2S,3R) and (2S,3S)-3-methylaspartic acids, 2a and 2b , respectively, from mesaconic acid 1 as substrate, on a large scale. To prepare (3R,4R)-3-methyl-4-(benzyloxycarbonyl)-2-oxetanone (benzyl 3-methylmalolactonate) 6, 2a and 2b were transformed, in the first step, into 2-bromo-3-methylsuccinic acids 3a and 3b and separated. After three further steps, (2S,3S)- 3a yielded the α,β-substituted β-lactone (3R,4R) 6 with a very high diastereoisomeric excess (>95% by chiral gas chromatography). The corresponding crystalline polymer, poly[benzyl β-(2R,3S)-3-methylmalate] 8 , prepared by an anionic ring opening polymerization, was highly isotactic as determined by 13C NMR. Catalytic hydrogenolysis of lactone 6 yielded (3R,4R)-3-methyl-4-carboxy-2-oxetanone (3-methylmalolactonic acid) 7 , to which reactive, chiral, or bioactive molecules can be attached through ester bonds leading to polymers with possible therapeutic applications. Because of the ability of β-methylaspartase to catalyse both syn- and anti-elimination of ammonia from (2S,3RS)-3-methylaspartic acid 2ab at different rates, the (2S,3R)-stereoisomer 2a was retained and isolated for further reactions. These results permit the use of the chemoenzymatic route for the preparation of both optically active and racemic polymers of 3-methylmalic acid with well-defined enantiomeric and diastereoisomeric compositions. Chirality 10:727–733, 1998. © 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc. 相似文献
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