烟草品种、育苗方式和烟蚜来源对烟蚜茧蜂寄生能力的影响

【目的】本研究旨在筛选出适合烟蚜茧蜂Aphidius gifuensis寄生烟蚜Myzus persicae的烟草品种、育苗方式和烟蚜来源,为烟蚜茧蜂人工繁殖和复壮提供科学参考。【方法】采用盆栽法,调查了不同烟草品种(云烟87、K326、翠碧1号和红花大金元)繁殖烟蚜若蚜、不同来源烟蚜(来自烟区、来自非烟区和室内繁殖种群)若蚜和烟草不同育苗方式(土壤育苗和湿润育苗)繁殖烟蚜若蚜时,烟蚜茧蜂成蜂对烟蚜若蚜的寄生率以及成蜂羽化率、寿命、体型大小和雌蜂比。【结果】结果表明,不同烟草品种繁殖烟蚜若蚜对烟蚜茧蜂成蜂寄生率存在显著影响。其中,在红花大金元和翠碧1号繁殖烟蚜上的烟蚜茧蜂成蜂寄生率分别比在K326繁殖烟蚜上的烟蚜茧蜂成蜂寄生率高19.00%和14.00%,但对烟蚜茧蜂的其他指标没有显著影响;不同烟蚜来源对烟蚜茧蜂寄生率也存在显著影响,其中,烟蚜茧蜂成蜂对非烟区烟蚜若蚜和烟区烟蚜若蚜的寄生率比对室内繁殖种群烟蚜若蚜的寄生率分别高20.25%和16.75%,但对烟蚜茧蜂成蜂的羽化率、寿命、体型大小和雌蜂比没有显著影响;烟草不同育苗方式对烟蚜茧蜂成蜂的寄生率无显著影响。【结论】烟蚜茧蜂对烟蚜...     

新疆血革螨属一新种（蜱螨亚纲：血革螨科）

本文报道血革螨属一新种,命名为狭背血革螨,新种Ｈａｅｍｏｇａｍａｓｕｓａｎｇｕｓｔｕｓｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．采自新疆乌苏,寄主为野兔。     

VAMP-2 and cellubrevin are expressed in pancreatic beta-cells and are essential for Ca(2+)-but not for GTP gamma S-induced insulin secretion.

VAMP proteins are important components of the machinery controlling docking and/or fusion of secretory vesicles with their target membrane. We investigated the expression of VAMP proteins in pancreatic beta-cells and their implication in the exocytosis of insulin. cDNA cloning revealed that VAMP-2 and cellubrevin, but not VAMP-1, are expressed in rat pancreatic islets and that their sequence is identical to that isolated from rat brain. Pancreatic beta-cells contain secretory granules that store and secrete insulin as well as synaptic-like microvesicles carrying gamma-aminobutyric acid. After subcellular fractionation on continuous sucrose gradients, VAMP-2 and cellubrevin were found to be associated with both types of secretory vesicle. The association of VAMP-2 with insulin-containing granules was confirmed by confocal microscopy of primary cultures of rat pancreatic beta-cells. Pretreatment of streptolysin-O permeabilized insulin-secreting cells with tetanus and botulinum B neurotoxins selectively cleaved VAMP-2 and cellubrevin and abolished Ca(2+)-induced insulin release (IC50 approximately 15 nM). By contrast, the pretreatment with tetanus and botulinum B neurotoxins did not prevent GTP gamma S-stimulated insulin secretion. Taken together, our results show that pancreatic beta-cells express VAMP-2 and cellubrevin and that one or both of these proteins selectively control Ca(2+)-mediated insulin secretion.     

雕盾螨属一新种记述（蜱螨亚纲：巨螯螨科）

本文记述雕盾螨属一新种;吴氏雕盾螨采自吉林省白城的土壤和马粪中。模式标本保存于全国鼠疫布氏菌病防治基地。     

枯草杆菌蛋白酶E的156和165位突变

应用定点突变方法,在M222A突变的枯草杆菌蛋白酶E基因上进行E156S和V165I定点突变. 将突变基因插入大肠杆菌-枯草杆菌穿梭质粒pBE-2中,在碱性和中性蛋白酶缺陷型的枯草杆菌DB104中进行表达,得到突变种(M222A,E156S)和(M222A,E156S,V165I)蛋白酶E. 性质测定表明,E156S突变使蛋白酶比活力增加90%,并不影响酶的热稳定性和抗氧化性. 而V165I突变使蛋白酶比活力降低.     

EB病毒BNLF-1基因的分子生物学研究进展

位于EB病毒基因组U₅-TR区内的BNLF-1基因,其转译产物为潜伏膜蛋白(latent membrane protein1, LMP-1),由于LMP-1可以导致细胞转化并在EB病毒致癌过程中具有重要作用,因而成为近年来EB病毒分子生物学及相关肿瘤如人鼻咽癌、伯基特淋巴瘤、何杰金氏病等疾病病因发病学研究的热点,并取得了一批有重要意义的成果,文章从BNLF-1的基因结构及表达调控, LMP蛋白的结构及生化功能, LMP-1的生物学功能和LMP-1研究进行评述.     

C4 polymorphism in the dog: Molecular heterogeneity of the C4α and C4γ subunit chains

Using an immunoblotting technique and goat antihuman C4, we observed five distinct electrophoretic variants of C4 in a panel of 60 random dogs. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis of immunoprecipitated C4 showed that dog C4 is composed of three polypeptide subunit chains (, , and ) and that structural variability occurs within the - and -chain regions. Two distinct molecular weight forms of both the C4- ( _A and _B) and C4-( _A and _B) chain were detected. The variant forms of C4 and C4 were found in association with particular C4 allotypes.     

丁酸钠和pH值对离体蚕豆花药中小孢子有丝分裂的影响

含单核中后期至后期花粉的蚕豆离体花药,经过2mM丁酸钠24小时预处理后,再漂浮培养于pH5.8或7.0的液体培养基。以不经预处理的作为对照。结果如下: 1.培养后9天内,丁酸钠预处理和培养基pH值并不明显影响花粉退化百分率。2.培养初期,pH7.0显著促进小孢子不等分裂。3.丁酸钠预处理抑制培养初期的小孢子有丝分裂,而后又显著增加小孢子均等分裂百分率。4.丁酸钠预处理导致小孢子有丝分裂类型的趋向改变。本文还对丁酸钠导致有丝分裂类型趋向改变的可能原因,进行了讨论。