扬子区志留纪十字珊瑚类属种的修订及其新资料

以萼内分裂繁殖为主的十字珊瑚类在我国扬子区广泛分布于志留系兰多维列统的香树园组、雷家屯组、石牛栏组及宁强组等,层位稳定,演化迅速,具有重要的地层意义。文章对我国扬子区发表的志留纪十字珊瑚类属种进行系统整理和修订,十字珊瑚亚科（Stauriinae）分为7属：Ceriaster Lindstr6m,1883,Eostauria Heet Li,1983,Massparaceriaster Tanggen．nov．,ParaceriasterY．X．He,1980,Stauria Edwards et Haime,1850,Cystostauria He et Li,1983和Parastauria He et Li,1974,同时讨论7属的属征,并对一些种群进行归并。此外,描述采自扬子区志留系兰多维列统的十字珊瑚6属8种,其中1新属,3个新种,它们是：Massparaceriaster Tanggen．nov．,Eostauriastauriata Tangsp．nov．,Paraceriastermicropora Tangsp．nov．和Paraceriasterbaishaensis Tangsp．nov．。     

应用聚类分析研究十字珊瑚亚科的分类并探讨其起源与演化

提要具分裂繁殖的十字珊瑚类在我国扬子区兰多维列统（Llandovery）分布广泛,属种繁多,有重要的地层意义．但长期以来关于该类群的分类位置及各属的定义和范围各家意见不一。文章应用Q型聚类分析研究十字珊瑚类的分类．提出十字珊瑚亚科可分为7属．即：Stauria Milne-Edwards et Haime, Cystostauria He et Li, Ceriaster Lindstrom. Eostauria He et Li. Paraceriaster Y. X. He. Parastauria He et Li. Massparaseriaster nora. provis. 对7个属分别给予简要定义。文中对十字珊瑚亚科的起源、演化及扩散进行探讨．并分析各属可能的演化亲缘关系。资料表明．最原始最早期的Eostauria属很可能起源于澳大利亚的新南威尔士晚奥陶世的Palaeophyllum的某一种群．后在早兰多维列世晚期扩散到扬子区．在中兰多维列世的爱隆期（Aeronian）迅速繁衍,产生许多新属种,因而扬子区在兰多维列世是十字珊瑚类的演化中心。除少数类群,如：Eostauria,Ceriaster．Stauria在晚兰多维列世或文洛克世（Wenlock）早期分别迁移到中亚地区和欧洲,多数类群在扬子区晚兰多维列世的早、中期因不适应环境巨变而快速衰亡。     

‘曼赛龙柚''种子不同发育期高温耐性研究

全球变暖导致极端高温频发,植物种子不可避免地置身于高温胁迫环境之中。为探究种子高温耐性的生理基础,该文以中间型种子‘曼赛龙柚''(Citrus maxima ‘Mansailong'')为实验材料,对不同发育阶段的种子进行高温处理,并同步检测各个发育时期种子的形态变化、可溶性蛋白和热稳定蛋白含量以及细胞超显微结构的变化。结果表明:(1)在花后23周到49周的整个发育过程中,种子含水量明显降低,鲜重显著增加,干重与鲜重的百分比也有明显的提高,这些指标均是在花后31周前后快速变化,到花后41周趋于稳定。(2)种子在花后29周获得完全的成苗能力和初步的高温耐性,此后高温耐性逐渐增加,并在花后37～49周之间快速提高。与种子高温耐性的变化相似,种子中可溶性蛋白和热稳定蛋白含量在花后23～49周均呈连续升高趋势,相关性分析表明在整个发育过程中这两者的积累与种子的高温耐性呈显著正相关。(3)超显微结构观察发现,随着种子的发育,线粒体逐渐减少,胚轴细胞体积逐渐变小,细胞中脂质体逐渐增多并且排列趋于规则,同时液泡由小变大且后期的液泡中充斥着黑色絮状物。综上所述,‘曼赛龙柚''种子在花后41周达到生理成熟,没有明显的成熟脱水过程; 其高温耐性是在发育过程中获得并逐渐提高,直到种子发育的后期; 种子中可溶性蛋白和热稳定蛋白含量的增加及细胞超显微结构的变化对种子高温耐性的发育具有重要贡献。     

承气活血通腑汤联合穴位贴敷治疗粘连性肠梗阻的疗效及对胃肠功能和血清炎性因子的影响

目的:探讨承气活血通腑汤联合穴位贴敷治疗粘连性肠梗阻的疗效及对胃肠功能和血清炎性因子的影响.方法:选取2018年2月到2020年7月期间于我院接受诊治的粘连性肠梗阻患者60例.分组方法采用随机数字表法,将入选患者分为对照组(n=30,常规治疗)、研究组(n=30,对照组的基础上给予承气活血通腑汤联合穴位贴敷治疗),对比...     

Sensitive and High Resolution Localization and Tracking of Membrane Proteins in Live Cells with BRET

Peripheral and integral membrane proteins can be located in several different subcellular compartments, and it is often necessary to determine the location of such proteins or to track their movement in living cells. Image‐based colocalization of labeled membrane proteins and compartment markers is frequently used for this purpose, but this method is limited in terms of throughput and resolution. Here we show that bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET) between membrane proteins of interest and compartment‐targeted BRET partners can report subcellular location and movement of membrane proteins in live cells. The sensitivity of the method is sufficient to localize a few hundred protein copies per cell. The spatial resolution can be sufficient to determine membrane topology, and the temporal resolution is sufficient to track changes that occur in less than 1 second. BRET requires little user intervention, and is thus amenable to large‐scale experimental designs with standard instruments.     

Activity staining for glutamate and alanine dehydrogenases in polyacrylamide gels of varying porosity. A study of bovine placental enzyme forms.

A procedure has been developed for characterizing the various molecular forms of placental and liver glutamate dehydrogenases through a combination of activity staining and varying gel pore size in electrophoresis. At a concentration of 2 mg/ml, the bovine liver GDH remained associated in a very high molecular weight form, while the placental enzyme was substantially dissociated to a molecular species of near 240,000 molecular weight and several charge isomeric species of near 160,000 molecular weight. The general approach outlined here provides a means of definitely correlating the electrophoretic behavior of various dehydrogenase isozymes with both glutamate and alanine dehydrogenase activities and molecular size and should be applicable, even in crude extracts to other dehydrogenase enzymes which exhibit multiple forms or states of association.     

Dynamics of NK,CD8 and Tfh cell mediated the production of cytokines and antiviral antibodies in Chinese patients with moderate COVID‐19

Recent studies have demonstrated a marked decrease in peripheral lymphocyte levels in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2). Few studies have focused on the changes of NK, T‐ and B‐cell subsets, inflammatory cytokines and virus‐specific antibodies in patients with moderate COVID‐19. A total of 11 RT‐PCR‐confirmed convalescent patients with COVID‐19 and 11 patients with non‐SARS‐CoV‐2 pneumonia (control patients) were enrolled in this study. NK, CD8⁺ T, CD4⁺ T, Tfh‐like and B‐cell subsets were analysed using flow cytometry. Cytokines and SARS‐CoV‐2‐specific antibodies were analysed using an electrochemiluminescence immunoassay. NK cell counts were significantly higher in patients with COVID‐19 than in control patients (P = 0.017). Effector memory CD8⁺ T‐cell counts significantly increased in patients with COVID‐19 during a convalescent period of 1 week (P = 0.041). TIM‐3⁺ Tfh‐like cell and CD226⁺ Tfh‐like cell counts significantly increased (P = 0.027) and decreased (P = 0.022), respectively, during the same period. Moreover, ICOS⁺ Tfh‐like cell counts tended to decrease (P = 0.074). No abnormal increase in cytokine levels was observed. The high expression of NK cells is important in innate immune response against SARS‐CoV‐2. The increase in effector memory CD8⁺ T‐cell counts, the up‐regulation of inhibitory molecules and the down‐regulation of active molecules on CD4⁺ T cells and Tfh‐like cells in patients with COVID‐19 would benefit the maintenance of balanced cellular and humoural immune responses, may prevent the development of severe cases and contribute to the recovery of patients with COVID‐19.