EMS和^60Co对海甘蓝种子萌发及其M1代农艺性状的影响

用ＥＭＳ及＾６０Ｃｏ处理海甘蓝种子,对其萌发种子细胞内呼吸代谢有明显的影响。低浓度的ＥＭＳ或低剂量的＾６０Ｃｏ刺激呼吸,可提高抗坏血酸氧化酶和过氧化物酶的活性,促进种子的萌发和幼苗的生长。较高剂量的ＥＭＳ和＾６０Ｃｏ抑制呼吸,与之有关的抗坏血酸氧化酶和过氧化物酶的活性,种子发芽势和发芽率、幼苗生长高度和根系活力等随之下降,用不同剂量的ＥＭＳ和＾６０Ｃｏ处理海甘蓝种子,对Ｍ１代的产量和抗病性等有一定     

精子载体法转基因动物的分子机制与制备策略

精子载体法转基因由于具有简便易行、对胚胎发育影响小的特点而成为最具诱惑力的转基因方法之一,因此研究者们在不同的水平上对该方法进行了研究。从分子水平上简要分析了探讨精子结合外源DNA及其内化转运的机制、外源DNA在精细胞内的存在和降解;基于各种理论研究的进展总结了精子载体法制备转基因动物的策略。     

骨髓间质干细胞移植治疗大鼠脑出血模型的实验研究

目的:研究大鼠骨髓间质干细胞(MSCs)移植治疗脑出血的可行性。方法:分离MSCs后,连续传代培养、扩增,Brdu标记的MSCs通过颈动脉、侧脑室2种途径移植入脑出血大鼠模型体内,采用爬行计分法评估神经功能的恢复程度,并观察脑部Brdu阳性细胞的分布。结果:通过侧脑室、颈动脉移植后大鼠神经功能改善,明显优于对照组(P<0.05);经颈动脉注射组较经侧脑室注射组爬杆实验评分低(P<0.05)。移植的MSCs主要迁移到出血灶、大脑皮层、海马区等处。结论:MSCs移植对脑出血具有保护作用,而经颈动脉给药疗效优于经侧脑室给药。     

Development of silver-containing austenite antibacterial stainless steels for biomedical applications Part I: microstructure characteristics,mechanical properties and antibacterial mechanisms

The as-quenched (AQ) microstructure of the Ag-containing alloys was found to be essentially a mixture of austenite (γ) and Ag phases. The Ag phase precipitates had a face-centered-cubic structure and lattice parameter a = 4.09 Å. When the alloy contained Ag ≥0.2 wt%, the mechanical properties were slightly enhanced because of the precipitate strengthening by the Ag phase precipitates. Moreover, the Ag-containing alloys exhibited ductile fracture after tensile testing. The results of an antibacterial test revealed that the Ag phase precipitates play a key role in the antibacterial mechanism of Ag-containing alloys: Ag⁺ ions released from the Ag phase precipitates can kill bacteria. It is suggested that as AISI 316L alloy has an Ag content ≥0.2 wt%, it will have excellent antibacterial properties against both Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, with an antibacterial rate of nearly 100%.     

胸腺素α原体外诱导小鼠胸腺细胞凋亡的初步探讨

胸腺细胞经ProTα和/或氢化考的松处理以后,采用PI染色法检测亚二倍体细胞百分率、荧光光度计检测细胞内游离Ca~(2 )浓度及琼脂糖凝胶电泳定性检验DNA片段化。结果发现单独或与氢化考的松联合应用,ProTα均可明显促进DNA片断化、提高亚二倍体细胞百分率并且也明显提高细胞内游离Ca~(2 )浓度。本实验说明ProTα能促进胸腺细胞的凋亡。     

载脂蛋白ApoE的原核表达以及与PrP蛋白间相互作用的初步研究

利用RT-PCR方法从人源细胞系SH-SY5Y cDNA中扩增出载脂蛋白ApoE基因,并在pET32a载体中表达融合蛋白His-ApoE,以纯化的融合蛋白免疫实验用兔获得特异性抗体,利用ELISA及免疫共沉淀方法对ApoE及PrP之间的相互作用进行研究.结果表明,SDS-PAGE显示表达的His-ApoE蛋白的相对分子量约为54 000,所制备的抗血清ELISA效价可达到1∶406 900,并能够有效地识别重组及动物组织中的内源性ApoE蛋白.ELISA和免疫共沉淀实验均显示,原核表达的ApoE可与全长的PrP蛋白（PrP23-231）在体外发生相互作用,其作用位点可能位于PrP蛋白的N端.这些结果为TSE经血传播的机制研究提供了新思路.     

N-乙酰氨基葡萄糖化在信号转导中的作用

蛋白质磷酸化在生命活动以及信号转导过程中的重要作用已经被研究证实,但不少研究发现在大多数核,胞液蛋白质上不仅存在磷酸化动态修饰,还存在广泛的动态N－乙酰氨基葡萄糖修饰,N－乙酰氨基葡萄糖基转移酶和N－乙酰氨基葡萄糖基酶以类似于蛋白质激酶和磷酸酶的方式调节蛋白质是否发生N－乙酰氨基葡萄糖化。N－乙酰氨基葡萄糖化蛋白质主要分布在细胞核与胞液,其生理功能涉及细胞基本生命活动和调节信号传递。N－乙酰氨基葡萄糖的作用基础与阻断或影响蛋白质的磷酸化有关。     

阿拉伯糖苷酶的研究进展

半纤维素是一类取之不尽而又亟待开发利用的碳水化合物。阿拉伯糖苷酶是降解从而利用半纤维素的一个重要酶 ,有关阿拉伯糖苷酶及其基因的研究在国际上得到了广泛而深入的开展。主要就阿拉伯糖苷酶的分类、特性、基因克隆表达及其应用作一综述。     

Testing hypotheses driving genetic structure in the cooperatively breeding Brown‐headed Nuthatch Sitta pusilla

Habitat fragmentation has often been implicated in the decline of many species. For habitat specialists and/or sedentary species, loss of habitat can result in population isolation and lead to negative genetic effects. However, factors other than fragmentation can often be important and also need to be considered when assessing the genetic structure of a species. We genotyped individuals from 13 populations of the cooperatively breeding Brown‐headed Nuthatch Sitta pusilla in Florida to test three alternative hypotheses regarding the effects that habitat fragmentation might have on genetic structure. A map of potential habitat developed from recent satellite imagery suggested that Brown‐headed Nuthatch populations in southern Florida occupied smaller and more isolated habitat patches (i.e. were more fragmented) than populations in northern Florida. We also genotyped individuals from a small, isolated Brown‐headed Nuthatch population on Grand Bahama Island. We found that populations associated with more fragmented habitat in southern Florida had lower allelic richness than populations in northern Florida (P = 0.02), although there were no differences in heterozygosity. Although pairwise estimates of F_ST were low overall, values among southern populations were generally higher than northern populations. Population assignment tests identified K = 3 clusters corresponding to a northern cluster, a southern cluster and a unique population in southeast Florida; using sampling localities as prior information revealed K = 7 clusters, with greater structure only among southern Florida populations. The Bahamas population showed moderate to high differentiation compared with Florida populations. Overall, our results suggest that fragmentation could affect gene flow in Brown‐headed Nuthatch populations and is likely to become more pronounced over time.     

Evaluation of characteristic aroma compounds of Citrus natsudaidai Hayata (Natsudaidai) cold-pressed peel oil

The characteristic aroma compounds of Citrus natsudaidai Hayata essential oil were evaluated by a combination of instrumental and sensory methods. Sixty compounds were identified and quantified, accounting for 94.08% of the total peel oil constituents. Limonene was the most abundant compound (80.68%), followed by gamma-terpinene (5.30%), myrcene (2.25%) and alpha-pinene (1.30%). Nineteen compounds which could not be identified in the original oil were identified in the oxygenated fraction. Myrcene, linalool, alpha-pinene, beta-pinene, limonene, nonanal, gamma-terpinene, germacrene D, and perillyl alcohol were the active aroma components (FD-factor > 3(6)), whereas beta-copaene, cis-sabinene hydrate and 1-octanol were suggested as characteristic aroma compounds, having a Natsudaidai-like aroma in the GC effluent. Three other compounds, heptyl acetate, (E)-limonene oxide and 2,3-butanediol, which each showed a high RFA value (>35) were considered to be important in the reconstruction of the original Natsudaidai oil from pure odor chemicals. The results indicate that 1-octanol was the aroma impact compound of C. natsudaidai Hayata peel oil.