Detection of 6q deletions in breast carcinoma cell lines by fluorescence in situ hybridization

Dual-color fluorescence in situ hybridization was performed to detect the frequency and extent of 6q deletions in ten breast carcinoma cell lines. In five cell lines, the 6q deletions involved large regions extending from 6q12–q16 to 6q27, and in one the deletion extended from the region distal to YAC 751G10 at 6q25.1 to 6q27. In two cell lines, 6q deletions occurred only in cells with polysomy 6, indicating that such deletions might be secondary chromosomal aberrations and reflect late genetic changes in breast carcinomas. In addition, an overrepresentation of 6q21–q22.2 was detected in one cell line. Received: 17 July 1998 / Accepted: 28 September 1998     

Territorial- und Werbeverhalten des Chinahaselhuhns(Bonasa sewerzowi)

Zusammenfassung Zwischen 2. und 10. Mai 1997, dem Höhepunkt territorialer Aktivität, wurden im Lianhuashan-Reservat (Gansu, China) Territorial- und Werbeverhalten anhand von 18 farbberingten und besenderten Chinahaselhühnern mittels Ton- und Videotechnik verfolgt. Die Hähne markieren ihre Reviere durch instrumentale Flügelgeräusche, die durch Flattersprünge am Boden, seltener durch Revierflüge hervorgebracht werden. Die Flattersprunghäufigkeit kulminiert am frühen Morgen, die Nahrungsaufnahme am Abend. Die erste Paarung fand am 9. Mai statt.

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Territorial and courtship behaviour of Chinese Grouse(Bonasa sewerzowi)

Summary Field observations, sound and video recordings of the rare endemic Chinese Grouse were carried out during May 2 and 10, 1997, the optimal time to study display, in the Lianhuashan reserve (Gansu province) at altitudes between 2800 and 3200 m a.s.l. We found the density in spring extraordinarily high: 15 occupied territories/km² in the best studied plot. 18 colour-banded and radio-tagged birds were recorded. We were able to record on tape most of the vocal and instrumental sounds produced by the displaying grouse. Chinese grouse males perform a wing-beat display. The main elements of the territorial activity were variable flutter-jumps on the ground up to 1 m high and 2–4 m wide, sometimes also from a tree to the ground and vice-versa, producing instrumental sounds. An evident peak of flutter jumping activity was observed just after the birds left the roost tree in the morning (5.30 h local time) up to 8 o'clock. Noisy territorial flights in the crowns of trees were rarely observed. The low frequency sounds produced by the wings of the jumping cocks produced a typical impressive morning concert, especially, if 3–4 conflicting males came close together. First copulation was recorded on May 9. In the mating time, flutter jumping activity abated considerably.

     

Canarion,ein neues naphthochinon aus Usnea canariensis

The structure of canarione, a new naphthoquinone from the lichens Usnea canariensis and U. hookeri was elucidated by UV, ¹H-NMR, ¹³C-NMR, mass spectrometry, and chemical degradation as 5,8-dihydroxy-2-methyl-4H-naphtho [2,3b]-pyran-4,6,9 (6H, 9H)- trione.     

Beiträge zur Analyse der Vitalfärbung pflanzlicher Zellen mit Neutralrot

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Die theoretische Erbprognose bei mono- und dimerem Erbgang

Ohne ZusammenfassungVortrag, gehalten auf der Tagung d. Dtsch. Ges. f. Vererbungswissenschaft, Jena 1935.     

Venusol from Gunnera perpensa: structural and activity studies

From the aqueous extract of the dry rhizomes of Gunnera perpensa the minor components pyrogallol, succinic acid, lactic acid, and the trimethyl ether of ellagic acid glucoside were isolated. The major constituent was identified as Z-venusol, a phenylpropanoid glucoside. Its structure was verified by X-ray diffraction. Tests on isolated uterine smooth muscle from rats showed that the whole extract stimulated a direct contractile response and induced a state of continuous contractility of the uterus once all additives had been removed from the organ bath. By contrast, venusol did not trigger the direct contractile response but induced the state of continuous contractility once the organ bath was flushed.     

Distribution and antifungal susceptibility of yeasts isolates from intensive care unit patients

Yeasts frequently colonize non-sterile sites in the body. The aim of the study was to determine distribution in clinical samples and antifungal susceptibility to five antifungals. From January 2013 through June 2015, 800 isolates were obtained from intensive care unit patients. Candida albicans (58.9%), Candida glabrata (20.4%), Candida krusei (8.6%), and Candida parapsilosis (3.6%) were the leading species. Majority of the C. albicans isolates were susceptible to the fluconazole. Elevated voriconazole minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were observed in isolates exhibiting high fluconazole MICs, most frequently in C. glabrata. Isolates with echinocandins MICs suggesting reduced susceptibility were only sporadic cases with the exception of Trichosporon spp. The amphotericin B MICs were slightly higher for some C. krusei.     

Characterization of an obligate intracellular bacterium in the midgut epithelium of the bulrush bug Chilacis typhae (Heteroptera, Lygaeidae, Artheneinae)

Many members of the suborder Heteroptera have symbiotic bacteria, which are usually found extracellularly in specific sacs or tubular outgrowths of the midgut or intracellularly in mycetomes. In this study, we describe the second molecular characterization of a symbiotic bacterium in a monophagous, seed-sucking stink bug of the family Lygaeidae (sensu stricto). Chilacis typhae possesses at the end of the first section of the midgut a structure which is composed of circularly arranged, strongly enlarged midgut epithelial cells. It is filled with an intracellular endosymbiont. This "mycetocytic belt" might represent an evolutionarily intermediate stage of the usual symbiotic structures found in stink bugs. Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA and the groEL genes showed that the bacterium belongs to the Gammaproteobacteria, and it revealed a phylogenetic relationship with a secondary bacterial endosymbiont of Cimex lectularius and free-living plant pathogens such as Pectobacterium and Dickeya. The distribution and ultrastructure of the rod-shaped Chilacis endosymbiont were studied in adults and nymph stages using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and electron microscopy. The detection of symbionts at the anterior poles of developing eggs indicates that endosymbionts are transmitted vertically. A new genus and species name, "Candidatus Rohrkolberia cinguli," is proposed for this newly characterized clade of symbiotic bacteria.     

Short-Term Heart Rate Variability—Influence of Gender and Age in Healthy Subjects

In the recent years, short-term heart rate variability (HRV) describing complex variations of beat-to-beat interval series that are mainly controlled by the autonomic nervous system (ANS) has been increasingly analyzed to assess the ANS activity in different diseases and under various conditions. In contrast to long-term HRV analysis, short-term investigations (<30 min) provide a test result almost immediately. Thus, short-term HRV analysis is suitable for ambulatory care, patient monitoring and all those applications where the result is urgently needed. In a previous study, we could show significant variations of 5-min HRV indices according to age in almost all domains (linear and nonlinear) in 1906 healthy subjects from the KORA S4 cohort. Based on the same group of subjects, general gender-related influences on HRV indices are to be determined in this study. Short-term 5-min HRV indices from linear time and frequency domain and from nonlinear methods (compression entropy, detrended fluctuation analysis, traditional and segmented Poincaré plot analysis, irreversibility analysis, symbolic dynamics, correlation and mutual information analysis) were determined from 782 females and 1124 males. First, we examined the gender differences in two age clusters (25–49 years and 50–74 years). Secondly, we investigated the gender-specific development of HRV indices in five age decade categories, namely for ages 25–34, 35–44, 45–54, 55–64 and 65–74 years. In this study, significant modifications of the indices according to gender could be obtained, especially in the frequency domain and correlation analyses. Furthermore, there were significant modifications according to age in nearly all of the domains. The gender differences disappeared within the last two age decades and the age dependencies disappeared in the last decade. To summarize gender and age influences need to be considered when performing HRV studies even if these influences only partly differ.