牦牛miR-383的靶基因预测及生物信息学分析

MicroRNAs (miRNAs)是一类非编码的小分子单链RNA,通过与靶基因的mRNA结合,抑制mRNA的翻译,参与多种生物学过程.本实验室前期通过高通量测序发现90日龄牦牛胚胎的背最长肌中miR-383的表达量显著高于成年牦牛.为探究miR-383在牦牛骨骼肌发育中的分子功能和机制,本研究对miR-383的靶基因进行预测,并进行生物信息学分析.通过TargetScan、miRDB和miRanda 3个软件预测了miR-383的靶基因,然后合并miRTarbase数据库中已被证实的靶基因作为基因集,分别用DAVID和KOBAS3.0在线软件对基因集进行功能注释(GO分析)和Pathway信号通路富集分析.结果 表明,牦牛miR-383序列在各物种间高度保守,靶基因功能富集于CD8阳性T细胞增殖的调控、核糖核蛋白复合物定位和负调控T细胞分化等生物学过程.信号通路分析发现靶基因的信号通路显著富集于PI3K-Ak、AMPK、FoxO和Focal adhesion等与肌肉发育相关的信号通路中.该研究结果将为miR-383功能及调控机制的深入研究提供参考依据,也为解析牦牛肌肉发育的分子机制提供新的研究方向.     

Secondary Structural Transformation of Bovine Lactoferricin Affects Its Antibacterial Activity

Probiotics and Antimicrobial Proteins - Lactoferricin (Lfcin) is a potent antibacterial peptide derived from lactoferrin by pepsin hydrolysis. It was hypothesized that structural transformation of...     

CX3CL1 promotes tumour cell by inducing tyrosine phosphorylation of cortactin in lung cancer

It has been reported that chemokine CX₃CL1 can regulate various tumours by binding to its unique receptor CX₃CR1. However, the effect of CX₃CL1-CX₃CR1 on the lung adenocarcinoma and lung squamous cell carcinoma is still unclear. Here, we showed that CX₃CL1 can further invasion and migration of lung adenocarcinoma A549 and lung squamous cell carcinoma H520. In addition, Western blot and immunofluorescence test indicated CX₃CL1 up-regulated the phosphorylation level of cortactin, which is a marker of cell pseudopodium. Meanwhile, the phosphorylation levels of c-Src and c-Abl, which are closely related to the regulation of cortactin phosphorylation, are elevated. Nevertheless, the src/abl inhibitor bosutinib and mutations of cortactin phosphorylation site could inhibit the promotion effect of CX₃CL1 on invasion and migration of A549 and H520. Moreover, these results of MTT, Hoechst staining and Western blot suggested that CX₃CL1 had no effect on the proliferation and apoptosis of A549 and H520 in vitro. The effects of CX₃CL1 were also verified by the subcutaneous tumour formation in nude mice, which showed that it could promote proliferation and invasion of A549 in vivo. In summary, our results indicated that CX₃CL1 furthered invasion and migration in lung cancer cells partly via activating cortactin, and CX₃CL1 may be a potential molecule in regulating the migration and invasion of lung cancer.     

Gentiopicroside promotes the osteogenesis of bone mesenchymal stem cells by modulation of β-catenin-BMP2 signalling pathway

Osteoporosis is characterized by increased bone fragility, and the drugs used at present to treat osteoporosis can cause adverse reactions. Gentiopicroside (GEN), a class of natural compounds with numerous biological activities such as anti-resorptive properties and protective effects against bone loss. Therefore, the aim of this work was to explore the effect of GEN on bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) osteogenesis for a potential osteoporosis therapy. In vitro, BMSCs were exposed to GEN at different doses for 2 weeks, whereas in vivo, ovariectomized osteoporosis was established in mice and the therapeutic effect of GEN was evaluated for 3 months. Our results in vitro showed that GEN promoted the activity of alkaline phosphatase, increased the calcified nodules in BMSCs and up-regulated the osteogenic factors (Runx2, OSX, OCN, OPN and BMP2). In vivo, GEN promoted the expression of Runx2, OCN and BMP2, increased the level of osteogenic parameters, and accelerated the osteogenesis of BMSCs by activating the BMP pathway and Wnt/β-catenin pathway, effect that was inhibited using the BMP inhibitor Noggin and Wnt/β-catenin inhibitor DKK1. Silencing the β-catenin gene and BMP2 gene blocked the osteogenic differentiation induced by GEN in BMSCs. This block was also observed when only β-catenin was silenced, although the knockout of BMP2 did not affect β-catenin expression induced by GEN. Therefore, GEN promotes BMSC osteogenesis by regulating β-catenin-BMP signalling, providing a novel strategy in the treatment of osteoporosis.     

Lyciumamide A,a dimer of phenolic amide,protects against NMDA-induced neurotoxicity and potential mechanisms in vitro

Journal of Molecular Histology - Currently, the excessive activation of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) is considered to be a crucial mechanism of brain injury. Lycium barbarum A (LyA) is a...     

安可信银离子免洗手消毒液的效果及安全性

目的评价一种以乙醇和银离子为主要成分的免洗手消毒液(安可信)的效果及其安全性。方法采用悬液定量杀菌试验、消毒剂对手消毒现场试验、急性经口毒性试验和小鼠骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核试验等方法,研究该免洗手消毒液杀菌效果以及安全性。结果银离子浓度为41.6 mg/kg、乙醇含量为54.4%(w/w)的该免洗手消毒液作用1 min,对大肠埃希菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和铜绿假单胞菌平均杀灭对数值>3.00;对白假丝酵母菌的平均杀灭对数值>4.00。该免洗手消毒液原液经37 ℃恒温培养箱保存3个月后,样品乙醇含量下降率为0.37%,银离子含量无下降。该免洗手消毒液对小鼠急性经口毒性LD₅₀>5 000 mg/kg,对新西兰家兔皮肤无刺激性,小鼠骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核试验结果为阴性。结论安可信银离子免洗手消毒液对细菌和真菌具有较好消毒作用;对人体无皮肤刺激;各项指标均符合国家要求。     

传染性单核细胞增多症患者外周血T细胞亚群检测及临床意义

目的检测传染性单核细胞增多症(IM)患者及非本病的发热患者外周血T淋巴细胞亚群,探讨EB病毒感染导致的传染性单核细胞增多症的免疫反应机制及与非本病发热患者的鉴别诊断价值,同时通过检测患者血液中的EBV-DNA载量加以确证。方法选取确诊为传染性单核细胞增多症的患者30例(IM组),非传染性单核细胞增多症的发热患者30例(对照组)。应用流式细胞技术检测患者外周血中淋巴细胞亚群,同时应用荧光定量PCR技术检测血清EBV-DNA载量,采用卡方检验及Mann-Whitney检验进行组间差异分析。结果 IM组与对照组患者T淋巴细胞亚群相比,CD8~+T淋巴细胞所占比例显著升高(Z=1.776,P0.001),CD4~+T淋巴细胞所占比例降低(F=4.008,P0.050),同时CD4~+/CD8~+比例明显下降(Z=6.653,P0.001)。IM组EBV-DNA病毒载量显著高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.050)。结论传染性单核细胞增多症患者外周血T淋巴细胞亚群主要以CD4~+T淋巴细胞及CD8~+T淋巴细胞的变化为主,T淋巴细胞亚群结合血清EBV-DNA病毒载量的联合检测对IM及非本病的发热患者具有鉴别诊断价值。     

大连地区分泌型与非分泌型母亲母乳菌群结构的差异

目的探讨大连地区分泌型和非分泌型母亲哺乳期间母乳菌群的主要差异。方法于大连市妇幼保健院纳入42名志愿者产妇,收集其产后第6天的母乳样本。提取母乳样本DNA,并对包含rs601338和rs1047781单核酸位点多态性(SNP)的片段用聚合酶链式反应(polymerase chain reaction,PCR)检测并加以测序,以检测受试母亲岩藻糖基转移酶2基因(FUT2)的类型。采用16S rRNA高通量测序法对不同母乳样本中微生物的多样性进行分析,并且对不同母乳样本中的微生物丰度及类型展开探讨。结果母亲分泌型分布情况分析:42名志愿者中,36名母亲是分泌型,6名母亲是非分泌型。母乳菌群多样性分析:分泌型与非分泌型组母亲母乳菌群比较,发现反映组内差异的Alpha多样性指数(包括Ace、Chao1以及Shannon等)在2组间差异无统计学意义;通过使用主坐标分析,发现分泌型组和非分泌型组的距离相对较远,母乳菌群组内菌群结构类似,组间差异性较显著,说明母乳中的蛋白核心岩藻糖基化水平可明显改变母乳中菌群结构。乳汁菌群物种构成分析:从门水平分析,变形菌门与厚壁菌门为主要优势菌;从属水平分析,2组母乳菌群中的双歧杆菌属丰度差异较显著。相关性分析:分泌型母乳的菌群中相关基因的表达更强,说明分泌型母乳对菌群基因的表达有促进作用。结论母乳菌群构成在一定程度上受到母体FUT2基因类型,即母亲分泌型和非分泌型的影响。     

兰州兴隆山土壤微生物的分布及其相关特性分析

目的以兰州兴隆山不同区域的土壤微生物为研究对象,分析比较土壤微生物数量与土壤酶活性之间的相关性。方法利用不同方法测定土壤理化性质、微生物数量以及土壤相关酶活特性;采用三区划线法进行土壤微生物的分离与纯化,通过16S rDNA和ITS方法进行优势菌株鉴定。结果兰州兴隆山土壤中微生物菌群数量由多到少依次为细菌、放线菌、真菌。通过分离纯化后,对其中的2株优势菌进行了鉴定,初步推断X2为萎缩芽胞杆菌属(Bacillus atrophaeus)细菌,Z2为栎生青霉属(Penicillium glandicola)真菌。从酶活特性可知,阳面的土壤过氧化氢酶活性比阴面高;随着海拔高度的增加,过氧化氢酶活性呈现增加趋势;阳面的土壤脱氢酶活性总体比阴面高,并且随着海拔梯度的升高,土壤脱氢酶活性也在不断升高。从相关性分析可知,不同海拔土样间微生物数量与酶活性之间表现出明显的相关性。结论兰州兴隆山土壤微生物数量丰富,且细菌数量居多;不同阴、阳面土壤微生物的层次分布以及活性也各有不同。以上研究可为兰州兴隆山土壤生态系统演替等提供参考依据,并为土壤生态环境的治理做铺垫。     

短波紫外线照射对‘金都’火龙果采后保鲜的影响

以‘金都’火龙果(Hylocereus polyrhizus ‘Jindu’)果实为试材,采用波长254 nm紫外杀菌灯为辐射源,给予不同剂量短波紫外线(Ultraviolet-C,UV-C)照射处理,探讨低剂量UV-C对火龙果采后保鲜的影响及作用机理。结果表明,不同剂量UV-C照射处理能有效抑制‘金都’火龙果果实腐烂和电导率上升,降低果实TSS含量,其中1.0 kJ·m–2紫外线辐照效果最好。1.0 kJ·m–2 UV-C处理能极显著提高贮藏期火龙果的SOD和CAT活性,显著提高贮藏早中期的几丁质酶活性和PPO活性,β-1,3葡聚糖酶活性在贮藏后期也显著高于对照,但降低了火龙果贮藏中期(第6天)的POD活性。此外,1.0 kJ·m–2 UV-C处理显著提高火龙果贮藏期H2O2含量(除第6天外),对果实的失水率无影响。采后火龙果应用适当剂量UV-C照射可提高抗病性,延长贮藏保鲜期。