Slow anion channels (SLAC/SLAH) are efflux channels previously shown to be critical for stomatal regulation. However, detailed analysis using the β‐glucuronidase reporter gene showed that members of the SLAC/SLAH gene family are predominantly expressed in roots, in addition to stomatal guard cells, implicating distinct function(s) of SLAC/SLAH in the roots. Comprehensive mutant analyses of all slac/slah mutants indicated that slah3 plants showed a greater growth defect than wild‐type plants when ammonium was supplied as the sole nitrogen source. Ammonium toxicity was mimicked by acidic pH in nitrogen‐free external medium, suggesting that medium acidification by ammonium‐fed plants may underlie ammonium toxicity. Interestingly, such toxicity was more severe in slah3 mutants and, particularly in wild‐type plants, was alleviated by supplementing the media with micromolar levels of nitrate. These data thus provide evidence that SLAH3, a nitrate efflux channel, plays a role in nitrate‐dependent alleviation of ammonium toxicity in plants. 相似文献
研究聚乙二醇硬脂酸酯(PEGn-SA)修饰的青蒿素脂质纳米粒(PEGn-ART-NLC)体外释放及抗巨噬细胞(J774)摄取特性。采用高压乳匀法制备PEGn-SA(n=25、40、55)修饰的PEGn-ART-NLC及未修饰的青蒿素脂质纳米粒(ART-NLC),进行体外释放试验、抗吞噬实验、利用Gouy-Chapmann理论计算固定水化层厚度(FALT),并加以比较。在p H 7.4磷酸盐缓冲液(PBS)中,药物的体外释放度随PEGn-SA聚合度的改变而改变;加入血浆后,亦有改变。J774细胞对PEGn-ART-NLC的摄取量随PEGn-SA聚合度及J774细胞与制剂孵育时间的改变而改变;加入血浆孵育后,亦有改变。ART-NLC及三种PEGn-ART-NLC的固定水化层厚度分别为0.31、1.76、1.86和2.04 nm。结果表明该制剂体外具有良好的缓释特性及抗J774细胞吞噬性。 相似文献