δ差异显示筛选武定乌骨鸡"乌色"性状相关基因

“乌色”是乌骨鸡的一个主要性状,乌骨鸡的经济价值与药用价值关键在于乌骨鸡的“乌色”性状。为筛选与乌骨鸡“乌色”性状可能相关的基因,应用δ差异显示方法,系统比较全同胞武定乌骨鸡与非乌骨鸡的基因表达情况,回收、再扩增与纯化差异片段,并通过Northern blot验证、克隆和测序后,获得29个ESTs。序列分析结果表明,有8个ESTs分别与鸡已知基因骨骼肌-β原肌球蛋白基因(A17)、贲门肌球蛋白碱轻链基因(B57)、插入激活ras致癌基因(A36)、fra-2致癌基因(B36)、16S rRNA基因(A35)及线粒体基因组序列(D36、C39和D9)同源,序列相似性分别为97％、100％、98％、98％、98％、99％、99％和97％。5个ESTs分别与其他生物已知基因同源,它们是人TTN基因转录本变异novex-2(B53)、人磷酸葡糖变位酶5基因(B109)、人信号识别物54kD基因(B20)、人与鼠核糖核酸酶／血管形成抑制因子基因(C26、D31),差异片段与它们的序列相似性分别为82％、82％、87％、99％和99％,这些基因在鸡中还没被克隆。13个ESTs属于新基因片段,其中9个与数据库中ESTs序列相似性较高,4个属于全新基因片段,在数据库中没有与它们序列相似性较高的ESTs。选择16条差异片段,根据测序结果设计特异性引物,利用12个随机采集的武定乌骨鸡或非乌骨鸡样本,进行基因表达分析,结果表明,1个新基因(A7)片段、2个已知基因(插入激活ras致癌基因A36、信号识别物54kD基因B20)片段具有乌骨鸡或非乌骨鸡表达特异性,从而初步确定它们与武定乌骨鸡“乌色”性状相关。     

ADMA induces monocyte adhesion via activation of chemokine receptors in cultured THP-1 cells

Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), an endogenous NOS inhibitor, is also an important inflammatory factor contributing to the development of atherosclerosis (AS). The present study was to test the effect of ADMA on angiotensin (Ang) II-induced monocytic adhesion. Human monocytoid cells (THP-1) or isolated peripheral blood monocyte cells (PBMCs) were incubated with Ang II (10⁻⁶ M) or exogenous ADMA (30 μM) for 4 or 24 h in the absence or presence of losartan or antioxidant PDTC. In cultured THP-1 cells, Ang II (10⁻⁶ M) for 24 h elevated the level of ADMA in the medium, upregulated the protein expression of protein arginine methyltransferase (PRMT) and decreased the activity of dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase (DDAH). Both of Ang II and ADMA increased monocytic adhesion to human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), elevated the levels of monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1, interleukin (IL)-8 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and upregulated CCR₂ and CXCR₂ mRNA expression, concomitantly with increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and activation of nuclear factor (NF)-κB. Pretreatment with losartan (10 μM) or PDTC (10 μM) abolished the effects mediated by Ang II or ADMA. In isolated PBMCs from healthy individuals, ADMA upregulated the expression of CXCR₂ mRNA, which was attenuated by losartan (10 μM), however, ADMA had no effect on surface protein expression of CCR₂. The present results suggest that ADMA may be involved in monocytic adhesion induced by Ang II via activation of chemokine receptors by ROS/NF-κB pathway.     

饥饿和再投喂对日本黄姑鱼生长及其体生化组成的影响

日本黄姑鱼(Nibea japonica)俗称黑毛,属鲈形目,石首鱼科,黄姑鱼属,分布于中国东海及日本南部海域[1,2].其营养丰富、生长快、病害少、易于养殖,是东海区海水养殖的理想品种.     

Effects of irrigation on the soil CO2 efflux from different poplar clone plantations in arid northwest China

Aims

Soil respiration in forest plantations can be greatly affected by management practices such as irrigation. In northwest China, soil water is usually a limiting factor for the development of forest plantations. This study aims to examine the effects of irrigation intensity on soil respiration from three poplar clone plantations in this arid area.

Methods

The experiment included three poplar clones subjected to three irrigation intensities (without, low and high). Soil respiration was measured using a Li-6400-09 chamber during the growing season in 2007.

Results

Mean soil respiration rates were 2.92, 4.74 and 3.49 μmol m^?2 s^?1 for control, low and high irrigation treatments, respectively. Soil respiration decreased once soil water content was below a lower (14.8 %) or above an upper (26.2 %) threshold. When soil water content ranged from 14.8 % to 26.2 %, soil respiration increased and correlated with soil temperature. Fine root also played a role in the significant differences in soil CO₂ efflux among the three treatments. Furthermore, the three poplar hybrid clones responded differently to irrigation regarding fine root production and soil CO₂ efflux.

Conclusions

Irrigation intensity had a strong impact on soil respiration of the three poplar clone plantations, which was mainly because fine root biomass and microbial activities were greatly influenced by soil water conditions. Our results suggest that irrigation management is a main factor controlling soil carbon dynamics in forest plantation in arid regions.     

日本三角涡虫热休克蛋白70(DjHSP70)C-端多肽表达及其抗血清制备

首先运用在线生物学软件对日本三角涡虫(Degusia japonica)热休克蛋白70(DjHSP70)氨基酸序列进行亲水区分析,发现该蛋白C-端含有较多亲水性氨基酸,然后以该段多肽序列为基础构建原核表达载体.采用PCR方法扩增450 bp cDNA片段,编码DjHSP70 C-端150个氨基酸多肽.将双酶切的cDNA...     

开花红哺鸡竹叶片的显微结构与光响应参数研究

为阐释竹子开花过程中的生理功能变化,探寻竹子花后复壮更新的途径,本研究选取红哺鸡竹(Phyllostachys iridescens)竹林换叶后出现开花征兆的竹株异形叶和外观正常叶,并以未开花竹株正常叶为对照,进行了叶片结构观察和光响应测定。结果发现:红哺鸡竹从营养生长向生殖生长转变的过程中,叶片的发育有变小变薄的特征,相邻维管束距离增大,维管束横切面积和气孔密度有显著变小的趋势(p0.05)。开花竹异形叶的叶片厚度、上表皮厚度、维管束横切面积和气孔密度是未开花竹正常叶的71.59%、87.40%、77.79%和73.56%,相邻维管束距离增加了19.34%,这种结构的变化相应地导致了开花竹叶片光合和蒸腾作用的显著降低(p0.05)。开花竹异形叶的光响应参数,如光饱和点、表观量子效率和最大光合速率是未开花竹正常叶的67%、40.5%和8.27%,分别为900、0.015、1.22μmol·m-2·s-1;光补偿点比未开花竹正常叶高出208.5%,达85.11μmol·m-2·s-1,而开花竹外观正常叶的光响应参数介于两者之间。开花竹株的叶片结构弱化和随之产生的生理功能异化可能是多年生竹子无法像树木那样连年开花、持续生长的重要原因之一。     

重症水痘临床特点分析

目的分析23例重症水痘临床特点。方法收集23例重症水痘患者的临床资料,分析其临床特征。结果重症水痘患者可出现心、肺、肝、脑、肾、胃肠道等多脏器受累表现,这些患者或是机体内存在免疫力低下的各种因素,或是因对疾患缺乏一定认知,从而存在延误就诊或是诊疗不规则,因此出现重症表现。结论提高认知、早期诊断、规范治疗对减低重症水痘发病率及改善预后有重要意义。     

乙酰胆碱协同剂对蚕豆保卫细胞原生质体内向钾电流的调节作用

用膜片钳全细胞记录方式研究了乙酰胆碱对蚕豆保卫细胞原生质体内向钾电流的作用与机理。发现乙酰胆碱的协同剂———烟碱和毒蕈碱分别促进内向钾电流 30 %～ 40 %。EGTA处理能有效减弱毒蕈碱对内向钾电流的促进效应 ,但不影响烟碱对内向电流的促进效应。这些结果提示 ,乙酰胆碱促进气孔开放的作用可能是通过受体直接或间接调节内向钾电流实现的     

火干扰强度对亚热带四种森林类型土壤理化性质的影响

火干扰是通过改变土壤理化性质而影响土壤生态系统功能的重要因素之一。探讨火干扰强度对不同森林类型下土壤理化性质的影响,为利用火干扰促进林分更新及经营提供理论指导。2014年在湖南省株洲市和湘潭市4种次生林(枫香次生林、马尾松-木荷混交林、杉木-木荷混交林及檫木-杉木混交林)内设置16块20 m×20 m样地进行试验,研究了火干扰强度(对照、低强度、中强度、高强度火烧)和林分类型对土壤容重(BD)、土壤斥水性(SWR)、有机质(SOM)、pH、全氮(TN)、全磷(TP)和全钾(TK)的影响。通过描述性统计分析、单因素方差分析和Fisher LSD检验研究各土壤性质在同一林分不同火干扰间,以及同一火干扰下不同林分间的显著性差异和变化趋势(P<0.05)。研究发现BD、SWR、pH、TK都随火强度的增大呈上升的趋势,而SOM、TP随火强度增大而减少,TN则随火强度增大没有规律性变化。在同一林分内与对照组相比,低强度火烧对BD、SWR、pH和SOM的影响不显著,中强度有一定影响,而高强度火烧影响显著;而TN、TP、TK在火烧前后均无显著性差异。火干扰后,TN和TP在同一火强度下不同林分间均...