喀斯特山地煤矿废弃地几种优势植物的重金属耐性特征

对贵阳花溪区麦坪乡煤矿废弃地进行了野外调查, 对该地优势植物和土壤进行了采样, 测定样品As、Cd、Cu、Hg、Pb和Zn的含量, 发现当地优势植物雀稗(Paspalum thunbergii Kunth ex Steud.)地上部分Cu含量达到1058.12 mg•kg-1, 转移系数2.89, 富集系数16.07。研究了雀稗在铜离子胁迫实验中的根系活力变化和叶绿素浓度变化, 雀稗根系活力随实验进行而逐渐降低, 铜离子浓度为500 µg•mL-1的实验进行到第四周时TTC还原量达到最低值; 叶绿素浓度随着铜离子浓度的增加而缓慢降低, 进一步确认当地土著植物雀稗对铜离子有一定的耐受性。     

以光合效率度量天然白桦种群生态位初探

生态位常被理解为“一个生物单位 (个体、种群或物种 )生存条件或适应性的总集合体[3 ,5] 。过去常用于动物种群生态学研究 ,Ｗｈｉｔｔａｋｅｒ首次将生态位理论应用于森林生态学研究[5] 。目前 ,国内外对生态位的研究主要集中在以下方面 :①把生态位与资源利用谱等同起来 ;②生态位占据与竞争联系在一起 ;③生态位是多维空间内具有一定功能的 ,为一个种或种群所占有的功能单位 ,亦即符合该种适合性的小区。这就涉及到“功能单位”的应有宽度及其计测标准和方法 ;④各种有机体均有其在自然群落中的地位、功能作用或某种生活方式 ,它们之间…     

高黎贡山自然保护区西坡垂直带蚂蚁群落研究

首次研究了高黎贡山自然保护区西坡垂直带蚂蚁群落及共物种多样性。在北段和中北段随海拔升高优势种数目增加,而在南段随海拔升高优势种数目递减。在北段和中北段海随海拔升高优势种所占百分比递减,而在南段随海拔升高优势种所占比例递增。在西坡４个地段均呈现随海拔升高种数目和密度递减的基本规律。北段和中北段随海拔升高优势度指数降低,中南段和南段随海拔升高优势度指数增大。北段随海拔升高多样性指数递增,中北段多样性指数缺乏规律性,中南段和南段随海拔升高多样性指数递减。北段、中北段和中南段均呈现随海拔升高无效度指数递增规律,而南段表现出随海拔升高均匀度指数递减的相反情况。西坡４个地段垂直带上,蚂蚁群落之间的相似系数几乎均在０．００－０．２５,处于极不相似水平,只有１个系数超过此范围,我们认为在原始植被状态下,高黎贡山自然保护区西坡蚂蚁群落的基本规律是随着海拔升高。优势种数目递减,优势种所占比 递增,物种数目递减,优势度指数递增,多样性指数递减,均匀度指数递减。山体中部和下部植被的毁坏导致了实际调查中出现的反常情况。     

GTP Cyclohydrolase I: Purification, Characterization, and Effects of Inhibition on Nitric Oxide Synthase in Nocardia Species

GTP cyclohydrolase I (GTPCH) catalyzes the first step in pteridine biosynthesis in Nocardia sp. strain NRRL 5646. This enzyme is important in the biosynthesis of tetrahydrobiopterin (BH₄), a reducing cofactor required for nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and other enzyme systems in this organism. GTPCH was purified more than 5,000-fold to apparent homogeneity by a combination of ammonium sulfate fractionation, GTP-agarose, DEAE Sepharose, and Ultragel AcA 34 chromatography. The purified enzyme gave a single band for a protein estimated to be 32 kDa by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The molecular mass of the native enzyme was estimated to be 253 kDa by gel filtration, indicating that the active enzyme is a homo-octamer. The enzyme follows Michaelis-Menten kinetics, with a K_m for GTP of 6.5 μM. Nocardia GTPCH possessed a unique N-terminal amino acid sequence. The pH and temperature optima for the enzyme were 7.8 and 56°C, respectively. The enzyme was heat stable and slightly activated by potassium ion but was inhibited by calcium, copper, zinc, and mercury, but not magnesium. BH₄ inhibited enzyme activity by 25% at a concentration of 100 μM. 2,4-Diamino-6-hydroxypyrimidine (DAHP) appeared to competitively inhibit the enzyme, with a K_i of 0.23 mM. With Nocardia cultures, DAHP decreased medium levels of NO₂⁻ plus NO₃⁻. Results suggest that in Nocardia cells, NOS synthesis of nitric oxide is indirectly decreased by reducing the biosynthesis of an essential reducing cofactor, BH₄.