Effect of prostaglandin F2 alpha on the secretion of human prolactin

This study examines the role of PGF2a (prostaglandin F2alpha) in increasing the secretion rate of human prolactin. 11 women (mean gestational period, 18 weeks) seeking pregnancy termination were divided into 4 groups: 1) Group 1 consisted of 6 women who received 30 mg initially of PGF2a injected intramuscularly and an additional 15 mg after 24 hours if abortion had not occured; mean induction to termination period was 38 hours; 2) Group 2 comprised of 3 women who received PGF2a (500-1500 ug) via the transcervical route at 1 to 2 hourly interval; average number of injections was 20; mean induction to termination period, 24 hours; 3) Group 3 had 2 women receiving hypertonic saline by intraamniotic injection; mean induction to termination period was 51 hours; 4) Group 4 had 4 women who served as controls; mean observation period, 20 hours. Venous blood samples were heparinized in tubes at intervals of 2 to 3 hours. A homologous radioimmunoassay using highly purified human prolactin (for iodination and standards) plus rabbit antihuman prolactin measured serum prolactin. Spikes of serum prolactin up to 550 ng/ml were observed at irregular intervals in 5 women in Group 1; the spikes were less frequent and of smaller amplitude in Groups 3 and 4. The increase in serum prolactin was dramatic and more sustained in Group 2 patients and peaked towards the end of the prostaglandin infusion. Serum prolactin of Group 2 patients were significantly higher than those of Groups 3 and 4 (p0.01). 5 of 9 women whose pregnancies were terminated by PGF2a lactated. However, there was no significant difference between the mean serum prolactin levels in women who lactated (136 ng/ml) and those who did not (120 ng/ml). Although PGF2a is not a lactogenic hormone, this study shows that PGF2a stimulates the secretion of human prolactin during second trimester pregnancy. The fact that the transcervical route caused a significant increase in serum prolactin and the intraamniotic route did not is attributed to the increased systemic absorption of PGF2a following transcervical administration. No correlation was seen between the presence or absence of lactation and the serum prolactin level following pregnancy termination with PGF2a.     

玉山笔石(Yushanograptus)——江西玉山宁国页岩组中的一个新笔石属

本文所讨论的材料是笔者之一(韩乃仁)于1961年夏在江西玉山李家棚附近的下奥陶统宁国页岩组中采得的(野外号码:F61001),代表一个新属新种,兹取名为“分离玉山笔石”(Yushanograptus separatus gen.et sp.nov.)。玉山笔石的特点是两个原始枝(横索)很长,分枝方式属于稜笔石式(穆恩之,1953,1956)。其尚未分枝的幼年时期,和一些纤细的对笔石,如Didymograptus gracilis T(?)rn-quist,D.congnatus Harris et Thomas 等,非常相似,每一原始枝在生长了11—12个胞管之后才开始正分枝,连续到六级以上。这种原始枝特长的特征,与联笔石(Zygograptus)相似,但分枝的形式不同。联笔石的分枝为枝笔石式,而我们的新属的分枝则为左右相间     

异色瓢虫重名变种在新疆的出现

具有六个红点的典型 axyridis 变种,根据 Dobzhansky(1953)等人的分析,以西伯利亚中部偏西地区为分布中心,向东伸展,但在数量上大量减少,而在西伯利亚以外,则仅仅出现在四川和日本。作者自从在青岛崂山标本中发现重名变种后,又查得在辽宁、河北、     

黑蛋巢菌属新种和新变种

本文报道了黑蛋巢菌属Cyathus四个新种和二个新变种,它们分别是:内蒙黑蛋巢菌Cyathus neimonggolensis Liu et Y.M.Li,盘柄黑蛋巢菌C.discostipltatus Liu et Y.M.Li,太原黑蛋巢菌C.taiyuanensis Liu et Y.M.Li,毛被黑蛋巢菌C.hirtulus Liu et Y.M.Li,天山黑蛋巢毛被变种C.tianshanensis Liu et Cao var.tomentosus Liu, Cao et Y.M.Li,环状黑蛋巢武夷山变种 C. annulatus Brodie var. wuyishanensis Liu et Y.M.Li。全部模式标本均保存在山西大学真菌标本室。     

核盘菌可溶性蛋白质及同工酶电泳研究

为了研究核盘菌的分类和生理分化问题,对供试的28个核盘菌株进行了可溶性蛋白质,芳香基酯酶和酸性磷酸酯酶同工酶电泳谱带以及紫外光吸收峰图形的试验研究,其结果,可分为五种类型。其中属于核盘菌属有四个种,即核盘菌Sclerotinia sclerotiorum(Lib.)de Bary(=Whetzelinia sclerotiorum(Lib.)Korf & Dumont),三叶草核盘菌S.trifoliorum Erikss.,细辛核盘菌(S.asari Wu et C.R.Wang和人参菌核病菌Sclerotinia sp。人参菌核病的另一分离菌和油菜菌核病的一个分离菌其谱带与灰葡萄孢(Botrytis cinerea)谱带相似,应归属于与葡萄孢属(Botrytis)相应的核盘菌。在核盘菌S.sclerotiorum种群中,南方菌系与北方菌系的可溶性蛋白质稍有差异,芳香基酯酶和酸性磷酸酯酶活性强度也稍有不同,可能存在生理分化现象。     

巯基物质在消炎痛诱发大鼠胃粘膜损伤中的作用

本工作研究了巯基物质在消炎痛引起大鼠胃粘膜损伤中的可能作用。在胃粘膜损伤发生过程中、胃粘膜内非蛋白及蛋白结合的巯基物质含量均无明显降低。虽然半胱胺灌胃(132或264μmol)或皮下注射(132μmol)后均明显抑制消炎痛溃疡的发生,其抑制率分别为82％,92％和75％,但同样具有巯基的半胱氨酸却无保护作用。半胱胺(132μmol)皮下注射可使消炎痛大鼠胃酸分泌抑制46％,而灌胃则无此作用。两种途径给予的半胱胺均不影响胃壁结合粘液的分泌。这些结果表明,胃粘膜内巯基物质似不参与消炎痛的致溃疡过程。半胱胺在此种模型上虽有强烈的细胞保护作用,但似乎不是由于其分子上所带的巯基所致。因此,巯基物质在消炎痛引起的胃粘膜损伤模型上没有细胞保护作用。     

Molecular cloning of rat cytolysin

Rat cytolysin is one of the cytolytic factors present in the cytoplasmic granules of rat NK-like cytolytic cells and purified cytolysin exhibits an apparent Mr or 70 kDa. Cytolysis produced by cytolysin occurs in the presence of Ca2+ and is accompanied by the formation of membrane lesions of 160 A diameter. We have isolated a cDNA encoding rat cytolysin from the cDNA library of a rat large granular lymphocyte (LGL) cell line, by hybridization of the rat library with a cDNA probe for mouse perforin. The amino acid sequence deduced from the nucleotide sequence of the isolated cDNA insert indicates that the mature cytolysin protein consist of 534 amino acids with a leader peptide of 20 amino acids. The protein contains two functionally important domains: the first domain is believed to contain the transmembrane channel and the second domain consists of an epidermal growth factor-type "class B" cysteine-rich region. A comparison with mouse perforin indicates that the two genes are very similar (89.9% nucleotide and 84.9% amino acid identity). Northern blot hybridization analysis indicates that cytolysin mRNA is expressed in rat lymphocytes (lymphokine-activated killer cells and LGL cells) and LGL cell lines.     

Pharmacologic profile of BN 50739, a new PAF antagonist in vitro and in vivo

The effect of a new PAF antagonist BN 50739 was studied on PAF-induced [3H]-serotonin release from washed rabbit platelets in vitro and on PAF-induced hypotension in vivo. BN 50739 competitively inhibited PAF-induced [3H]-serotonin release from the platelets in a dose-dependent manner. In the presence of 4, 10 and 50 nM of BN 50739, the concentration of PAF inducing 50% maximal [3H]-serotonin release from the platelets (EC50) increased from 2.15 nM to 5.10, 45.10 and 900 nM, respectively. The IC50 of BN 50739 for PAF (10 nM) induced [3H]-serotonin release was 3.67 nM. Under the same experimental condition, the IC50s of BN 50726, BN 50730, BN 50741, WEB 2086, SRI 63-441 and BN 52021 were 5.40, 4.61, 6.88, 5.98, 40.90 nM and 14.90 microM, respectively. PAF-induced hypotension in conscious rats was also inhibited dose-dependently by i.p. pretreatment of BN 50739 (3 and 10 mg/kg). PAF-induced hypotension was diminished both in magnitude and duration in rats pretreated with BN 50739. These data taken together indicate that BN 50739 is a most potent PAF antagonist in vitro and in vivo.     

鳋科（寄生桡足类）胸板的扫描电镜比较研究

本文利用扫描电镜观察了我国鳋科的5个属的种类。首次发现在它们的胸部腹面游泳足连接板之下均有一板状结构,其形状与栉齿的着生情况在不同属之间存在着明显的差异,同属不同种之间也不尽相同,这是一个过去未曾被注意过的结构,权且称之为胸板。它是一个独立的结构,不与连接板相连。胸板上的栉齿从形态-功能-适应三位一体分析,它与附着寄主有夭,以免被水流冲走,与无栉齿的相比,应是一个进步性状。