昆虫病原线虫斯氏线虫和异小杆线虫对长角血蜱雌蜱的致病力

用昆虫病原线虫小卷蛾斯氏线虫（Sc BJ）、夜蛾斯氏线虫（Sf Otio）、拟双角斯氏线虫（Sc D43）、格氏斯氏线虫（Sg NC32）和嗜菌异小杆线虫（Hb E-6-7）对长角血蜱雌蜱进行感染试验,所用线虫剂量为4 000 Ijs/dish。结果表明,5种线虫均对长角血蜱雌蜱有致死效应。Hb E-6-7和Sc BJ两种线虫对雌蜱各发育期致病力最强,导致雌蜱的累积死亡率和半致死时间分别为饥饿雌蜱82.5%,9.0天和75.0%,8.8天;吸血雌蜱90.0%,8.0天和82.5%,8.0天;饱血雌蜱93.3%,7.3天和86.7%,7.3天。Sc D43对饱血雌蜱有较高的致死效应,为80.0%,但半致死时间较长,为11.7天。Sf Otio和Sg NC32对长角血蜱雌蜱的致死效应较低。饱血雌蜱较饥饿雌蜱和吸血雌蜱更易被线虫感染。     

颅内动脉瘤开颅术后患者肺部感染的危险因素分析

目的:探讨颅内动脉瘤开颅术后发生肺部感染的危险因素。方法:回顾性分析在我院接受开颅手术治疗的211例颅内动脉瘤患者的性别、年龄、吸烟史、糖尿病史、高血压病史、Hunt-Hess分级、动脉瘤部位、动脉瘤直径、手术时机及术后肺部感染的情况,对可能导致肺感染的因素行X2检验及Logistic回归分析。结果:单因素分析显示影响颅内动脉瘤患者术后肺感染的因素主要包括年龄、吸烟、糖尿病、Hunt-Hess分级(P0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示影响颅内动脉瘤患者开颅术后发生肺部感染的因素为吸烟和Hunt-Hess分级。结论:吸烟、高Hunt-Hess分级是影响颅内动脉瘤开颅术后发生肺部感染的独立危险因素。     

Lysine-Specific Demethylase 1 in Breast Cancer Cells Contributes to the Production of Endogenous Formaldehyde in the Metastatic Bone Cancer Pain Model of Rats

Background

Bone cancer pain seriously affects the quality of life of cancer patients. Our previous study found that endogenous formaldehyde was produced by cancer cells metastasized into bone marrows and played an important role in bone cancer pain. However, the mechanism of production of this endogenous formaldehyde by metastatic cancer cells was unknown in bone cancer pain rats. Lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1) is one of the major enzymes catalyzing the production of formaldehyde. The expression of LSD1 and the concentration of formaldehyde were up-regulated in many high-risk tumors.

Objective

This study aimed to investigate whether LSD1 in metastasized MRMT-1 breast cancer cells in bone marrows participated in the production of endogenous formaldehyde in bone cancer pain rats.

Methodology/Principal Findings

Concentration of the endogenous formaldehyde was measured by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Endogenous formaldehyde dramatically increased in cultured MRMT-1 breast cancer cells in vitro, in bone marrows and sera of bone cancer pain rats, in tumor tissues and sera of MRMT-1 subcutaneous vaccination model rats in vivo. Formaldehyde at a concentration as low as the above measured (3 mM) induced pain behaviors in normal rats. The expression of LSD1 which mainly located in nuclei of cancer cells significantly increased in bone marrows of bone cancer pain rats from 14 d to 21 d after inoculation. Furthermore, inhibition of LSD1 decreased the production of formaldehyde in MRMT-1 cells in vitro. Intraperitoneal injection of LSD1 inhibitor pargyline from 3 d to 14 d after inoculation of MRMT-1 cancer cells reduced bone cancer pain behaviors.

Conclusion

Our data in the present study, combing our previous report, suggested that in the endogenous formaldehyde-induced pain in bone cancer pain rats, LSD1 in metastasized cancer cells contributed to the production of the endogenous formaldehyde.     

质子驱动的核酸纳米机器

i-motif结构是一种特殊的DNA二级结构,它是由四个胞嘧啶重复序列在质子的参与下形成的四链螺旋,该结构只有在酸性环境才能维持,因此可以将其设计成一个质子驱动的纳米级分子机器。本文通过与其它DNA分子机器比较,详述了质子驱动的分子机器的工作机理,评价了该机器的优越性、做功能力,并介绍了其多方面应用。     

CO2浓度增加和施氮对栓皮栎幼苗生理生态特征的影响

通过人为控制CO₂浓度(700、400 μmol·mol^-1)和氮素水平(120 kg N·hm^-2),研究了CO₂浓度增加和氮沉降及其交互作用对北界(辽宁庄河)栓皮栎幼苗生理生态特征的影响.结果表明: CO₂浓度升高使栓皮栎幼苗叶片的形态、光合色素含量和氮含量有减小的趋势,暗呼吸速率较对照降低63.3%,可溶性糖增加2.6%.氮沉降对栓皮栎叶片的形态和光合色素含量有明显的促进作用,叶N含量增加而K含量降低,N/K值增加26.7%.CO₂和N交互作用对幼苗叶形态和光合作用有明显的促进作用,叶片最大净光合速率和光饱和点分别是对照的1.4倍和2.6倍,暗呼吸速率和光补偿点分别降低65.9%和50.0%.CO₂浓度升高和N沉降均对栓皮栎幼苗生长有一定的促进作用,可能导致栓皮栎分布界线北移.     

寄生天敌对东安马尾松毛虫(Dendrolimus punctatus Walk.)数量消长作用的初步考查

1.据1954年考查,东安马尾松毛虫的天敌很多,尤其是寄生天敌,它是限制或抑制松毛虫大发生的决定性因素。 2.卵期的寄生天敌有:松毛虫黑卵蜂,赤眼蜂,平腹小蜂,白角小蜂,名和小蜂及金小蜂等六种,其中以前三种较为重要。 3.第一代松毛虫的卵寄生率为12.76％,其中黑卵峰的寄生率达5.83％,第二代松毛虫的卵寄生率为40.61％,其中黑卵蜂的寄生率达33.45％。 4.松毛虫各种卵蜂羽化时期及数量的观察,使我们初步了解卵蜂的一些生物学特性,对于今后饲放卵寄生蜂防治松毛虫的措施提供了重要依据。 5.幼虫期的寄生天敌有:两色瘦姬蜂,黑胸姬蜂,红头小茧蜂,黄甲腹小茧蜂,毒蛾绒茧蜂,寄生蝇类及白僵病菌等,其中以白僵病菌及寄生蝇类较为重要。 6.三次幼虫期寄生天敌的考查可以看出:越冬代老熟幼虫的死亡率(包括寄生率)达56.62％,第一代幼虫的死亡率(包括寄生率)达82.83％,第二代幼龄幼虫的死亡率(包括寄生率)达40.83％,幼虫期的死亡率(主要是寄生率)相当高。 7.蛹期的寄生天敌有:日本黑点姬蜂,大腿蜂,花胸姬蜂,黑瘤姬蜂,松毛虫瘤姬蜂,寄生蝇类及白僵病菌等,其中以日本黑点姬蜂、寄生蝇类及白僵病菌等较为重要,但需指出,可能是因为病菌寄生的原因,未羽化蛹的比例很大,如在越冬代占36.68％,第一代占40.11％,这是值得今后深     

小花三脉紫菀和狭叶三脉紫菀的区别:形态学和细胞学证据

产自湖北神农架的狭叶三脉紫菀Aster ageratoides var. gerlachii (Hance) Chang一直被各种文献和有关标本馆误定为小花三脉紫菀A. ageratoides var. micranthus Ling。我们对二者进行了野外采集和形态学、细胞学的比较研究,分析了导致错误鉴定的原因,重新确定了二者的界限。小花三脉紫菀无横走地下茎,这一性状具有重要的分类学价值。核型研究发现,小花三脉紫菀为二倍体,2n=2x=18=18m,核型属1A型;狭叶三脉紫菀则是四倍体,2n=4x=36=32m+4sm (2SAT),核型属2A型。二变种的染色体数目、核型均为首次报道。狭叶三脉紫菀在湖北为新分布记录。