益生元对人胃癌细胞株BGC-823细胞抑制作用的研究

目的 探讨益生元对胃癌细胞的作用效果,为开发安全、有效的预防和辅助治疗胃癌的药物奠定基础,并为益生元的有效应用打开新思路.方法 用MTT法研究不同浓度大豆低聚糖、低聚木糖、低聚果糖和低聚甘露糖在不同时间对BGC-823细胞的抑制作用.结果 大豆低聚糖、低聚木糖、低聚果糖和低聚甘露糖4种益生元对BGC-823细胞均有一定程度的抑制作用(P<0.05),抑制效果基本呈浓度时间依赖关系,但大豆低聚糖、低聚果糖的作用在48h和72h差别不大.在这4种益生元中,大豆低聚糖的抑制效果最强,低聚木糖次之,低聚果糖、低聚甘露糖的抑制效果较弱.作用48h、72h达到对BGC-823细胞半数抑制率的大豆低聚糖的浓度是100ms/ml左右;作用72h时达到对BGC-823细胞半数抑制率的低聚木糖浓度在100～125mg/ml;而125mg/ml低聚果糖和低聚甘露糖处理胃癌BGC-823细胞72h,均未达到50%的抑制率.结论 大豆低聚糖、低聚木糖、低聚果糖和低聚甘露糖对人胃癌细胞株BGC-823细胞有一定程度的抑制作用.     

小水榕染色体数目及核型分析

以小水榕根尖为材料,通过取材时间,8-羟基喹啉、饱和对二氯苯2种药剂预处理,并以细胞中有丝分裂相的数目、染色体的清晰度、分散程度为指标,探索出适于小水榕染色体分析的方法.结果表明:小水榕有丝分裂中期在一天的16:00达到高峰期,取样时间确定在16:00.饱和对二氯苯水溶液预处理2 h,卡诺氏固定液固定2 h,1 mol/L盐酸60 ℃水浴中解离3 min～4 min,并以醋酸洋红染色效果较好.小水榕核型为2 n=2 x=30=12 m+14 sm+4 st,属于"2B"类型.     

正己醇降解菌的分离、筛选及分类鉴定

为获得可降解正己醇的真菌菌种,分别以苹果园土壤、苹果渣、苹果酒醪和醋醅为分离源,采用富集培养和紫外线定向诱变,得到了两株能在pH3.8-4.0的条件下降解正己醇的真菌菌株TF和TM。菌株TM和TF在马铃薯葡萄糖培养液中对4.0mg/mL正己醇的降解率分别为45.60±5.43%和23.82±9.27%,与对照在α=0.01水平上差异显著。结合形态学特征及26S rDNA D1/D2区(菌株TM)和ITS区(菌株TF)序列分析,对两株菌进行了分类鉴定。结果表明:菌株TM属于地霉属Geotrichum,菌株TF为白地霉Geotrichum candidum(有性型Galactomyces geotrichum)。     

国产伏立康唑治疗侵袭性真菌感染6例临床观察

目的观察国产伏立康唑治疗恶性血液病患者侵袭性真菌感染（IFI）的临床疗效和安全性。方法以国产伏立康唑治疗6例发生于恶性血液病患者的侵袭性真菌感染,观察疗效及不良反应。结果6例患者中,有效4例,其中完全反应3例,部分反应1例。1例用药第6天出现低钾血症。结论国产伏立康唑是治疗恶性血液病患者侵袭性真菌感染的安全有效的药物,     

定量聚合酶链反应评估去白细胞滤器去除血液成分中巨细胞病毒的效果

为了评估目前常用的去白细胞滤器去除血液成分中人巨细胞病毒( HCMV) 的效果, 我们在献血员中筛选获得HCMV-IgG、pp65 皆阴性的血液, 分离外周血单个核细胞( PBMC) , 将HCMV 感染的人成纤维细胞与PBMC 共培养, 感染HCMV 的PBMC 经抗人成纤维抗体和抗CD45 磁珠2 次分选纯化后, 将CD45 + 单核细胞加回原全血中, 建立HCMV 潜伏感染的模型, 再用去白细胞滤器过滤。用实时聚合酶链反应( PCR) 定量测定过滤前、后血液样本中的病毒载量, 残留成纤维细胞所含的HCMV 通过定量反转录PCR( RT - PCR) 扩增脯-4-羟化酶exon12a mRNA 来校正。结果显示, 使用去白细胞滤器后, 每单位( 200 ml) 全血血液中, 白细胞的去除率为99. 98% 。全血中平均HCMV 病毒载量从3 742 拷贝/ μl 降至22. 57 拷贝/ μl, 降低2. 50 log10 , 说明去白细胞滤器虽然可明显减少全血中HCMV 病毒的载量, 但并不能完全去除病毒。     

Agrobacterium‐produced and exogenous cytokinin‐modulated Agrobacterium‐mediated plant transformation

Agrobacterium tumefaciens is a plant pathogenic bacterium that causes neoplastic growths, called ‘crown gall’, via the transfer and integration of transferred DNA (T‐DNA) from the bacterium into the plant genome. We characterized an acetosyringone (AS)‐induced tumour‐inducing (Ti) plasmid gene, tzs (trans‐zeatin synthesizing), that is responsible for the synthesis of the plant hormone cytokinin in nopaline‐type A. tumefaciens strains. The loss of Tzs protein expression and trans‐zeatin secretions by the tzs frameshift (tzs‐fs) mutant is associated with reduced tumorigenesis efficiency on white radish stems and reduced transformation efficiencies on Arabidopsis roots. Complementation of the tzs‐fs mutant with a wild‐type tzs gene restored wild‐type levels of trans‐zeatin secretions and transformation efficiencies. Exogenous application of cytokinin during infection increased the transient transformation efficiency of Arabidopsis roots infected by strains lacking Tzs, which suggests that the lower transformation efficiency resulted from the lack of Agrobacterium‐produced cytokinin. Interestingly, although the tzs‐fs mutant displayed reduced tumorigenesis efficiency on several tested plants, the loss of Tzs enhanced tumorigenesis efficiencies on green pepper and cowpea. These data strongly suggest that Tzs, by synthesizing trans‐zeatin at early stage(s) of the infection process, modulates plant transformation efficiency by A. tumefaciens.     

丁(鱼岁)不同群体间形态学差异与随机扩增多态DNA(RAPD)分析

采用聚类分析、主成分分析和判别分析3种数理统计方法,对我国新疆朱家湖丁(鱼岁)群体、73水库丁(鱼岁)群体和从捷克引进我国的丁(鱼岁)群体的可量性状和框架参数进行分析.聚类分析和主成分分析显示,朱家湖群体与73水库群体较为接近,而捷克群体与前两群体相距较远.判别分析亦可将捷克群体与前两群体分开,准确率达100%.从60个随机引物中筛选出的20个引物对丁(鱼岁)朱家湖群体、73水库群体和捷克群体进行了随机扩增多态DNA(RAPD)分析.引物S440在捷克群体扩增出的450bp片段为该群体特有的标记片段.朱家湖群体、73水库群体、捷克群体多态位点比例分别为24%、22.67%和18.42%;群体内遗传相似度分别为0.8967、0.9035和0.9309;遗传多态度(π)分别为0.1539、0.1489和0.1142.表明朱家湖群体保持着较高的遗传变异.三群体间的遗传相似度为0.6868-0.9496,群体遗传分化系数(Fst)为0.048-0.238,分子方差分析发现群体内方差占总方差的83.96%,群体间的方差只占16.04%,由此推断三群体间遗传分化并不大.     

植物源调节剂对水稻的影响

植物源调节剂是利用艾蒿为主要原料,首次用提取的混合物研制成的一种植物生长调节剂,使用80mg/L的植物源调节剂混合物水溶液,分别在水稻苗期、拔节期、孕穗期叶面喷洒,清水对照。结果表明:植物源调节剂使水稻增产11.38%,千粒重增加11.45%。株干重增加了17.1%。在灌浆期连续测定表明:相对于CK,穗粒重增加10.9%,叶绿素含量提高14.41%。品质分析结果为:可溶性糖含量提高15.57%、游离氨基酸含量提高18.52%、淀粉含量提高1.59%,可溶性蛋白质降低22.17%、粗纤维降低1.95%、粗脂肪降低1.22%。该植物源调节剂对水稻的生长和产量都有显著的促进效应。     

螺旋藻转化纳米元素硒的制备及其体外清除自由基活性的初步研究

研究利用高密度富硒螺旋藻(Se-SP)细胞通过生物转化制备纳米元素硒(Nano-Se)的可行性,观察Nano-Se在体外对氧自由基的清除作用。用梯度离心分选Nano-Se,原子力显微镜(AFM)、透射电镜(TEM)及X-射线能谱(EDX)联用表征纳米粒中的元素硒形态,电感耦合等离子质谱仪(ICP-MS)测定Nano-Se中的硒含量,化学发光方法检测Nano-Se在体外对超氧自由基和羟自由基的清除作用。结果发现,Nano-Se主要由元素硒构成,形态呈球形,73%的纳米粒子直径大小分布在(61±17)nm范围。Nano-Se在体外对两种氧自由基的最大清除率分别为:30.1%和27.6%,相应的EC50分别为:0.8 μg/ml和2.2 μg/ml。相同剂量时,Nano-Se对氧自由基的清除作用比硒代蛋氨酸(Se-Met)及Se-SP中其它含硒活性成分更强。结果提示,利用高密度Se-SP可诱导Nano-Se的大量生成,Se-SP转化的Nano-Se可能是一种新的抗氧化硒形态,其作用机制和体内生物活性有待深入研究。     

Phospholipase Dδ is Involved in Wounding Induced Phosphatidic Acid Formation in Arabidopsis

Phosphalipase D (PLD) hydrolyzes phospholipids into phosphatidic acid (PA). PLDα1 and δ are the two most abundant members of the 12 member PLD family in Arabidopsis. PLDα1 has been demonstrated having role in the wounding induced PA signalling. However, whether and how PLDδ is involved in wounding induced PA formation remained unclear. In the present study, the membrane lipids response to wounding was profiled in Wassilewskija (WS) and PLDδ knockout mutant (PLDδ KO) of Arabidopsis. The levels of most lipids, including monogalactosyldiacylglycerol, digalactosyldiacylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylglycerol had decreased rapidly within 30min after wounding in the two Arabidopsis genotypes. In contrast, the level of PA increased sharply and significantly 30min after wounding. It continued to increase until peaking at 1h post wounding in WS and 3h post wounding in PLDδ KO, and then decreased. The PA levels were similar in the two genotypes in untreated leaves and in leaves 6h after wounding. However, these levels were lower in PLDδ KO than in WS from 30min to 3h post wounding. The significant difference of PA level between the two genotypes occurred 30min after wounding, when it was about 20% lower in PLDδ KO than in WS. These results show that PLDδ is involved in wounding induced PA formation in Arabidopsis, but its absence induces PA response later and with less intensity than PLDα1.